【简介】感谢网友“9743”参与投稿,这里小编给大家分享一些,方便大家学习。
高考英语作文写作指导:写好句子的技巧
句子是表达一个完整意思的最小当位,所以造句能力在英文写作中是非常重要的`。好的英语句子能够生动,形象,准确的表达内容。所以要想写出漂亮的书面表达,必须从写好句子开始。
英语基本句型及造句:
【第1句】:主语+谓语+状语(介词,名词短语或从句)
The sun rises up in the east and sets in the west.
We get up early every morning.
The meeting lasted 2 hours.
【第2句】:主语+不及物动词+副词
This kind of wine drinks well and sells well.
The suit wears well.
Glass breaks easily.
【第3句】:主语+谓语+介词+宾语
We all agreed on the terms.
He hates to argue with his wife about such small matters.
All these things are to be answered for.
【第4句】:主语+系动词+形容词
Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.
He was so tired that he fell asleep the moment he went to bed.
Your explanation sounds reasonable.
【第5句】:主语+谓语+直接宾语
I want your promise.
Have your fixed my watch?
This factory produces 1000 cars a week.
【第6句】:主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
He paid me a visit yesterday.
He owed me 50 yuan.
He wrote his family a letter yesterday.
【第7句】:主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (to do)
I will get someone to repair the recorder for you.
I didn’t mean to hurt you.
He in vited me to teach at a well-known university.
【第8句】:主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (do)
I often hear her sing the song.
The boss made workers work 15 hours a day.
Don’t forget to have him come.
【第10句】:主语+谓语+现在分词
I heard her singing in the next room.
We could feel our heats beating fast.
Did you observe the birds flying around the trees?
【第11句】:主语+谓语+过去分词
I must have my watch repaired.
We must get he task finished on time.
Speak louder to make yourself understood by everybody.
【第12句】:主语+谓语+宾语(动名词)
I suggested putting off the meeting.
They all avoided mentioning the matter.
We can’t help laughing at the news.
【第13句】:主语+谓语+宾语(不定式)
I can’t afford to buy such a large house.
Don’t pretend to know what you don’t.
He feared to speak in her presence.
【第14句】:主语+谓语+宾语(名词/代词)+介词+宾语
Nothing can prevent us from going forward.
Thank you for your help.
He demanded an answer from me.
练习写好句子的方法
【第1句】:合并句子
It was early in the morning. Mr. Smith was in his garden. He was watering flowers.
Early in the morning, Mr. Smith was watering flowers in his garden.
A girl was crossing a road. Th e girl was pretty. The road was wide.
A pretty girl was crossing a wide road.
【第2句】:改写句子
1) Mr. Green is a tall man, who wears a pair of thick glasses. (改成介词短语做伴随状语)
1) The book cost me 300 yuan.
Mr. Green is a tall man with a pair of thick glasses.
2) The ice on the lake is too thin for us to skate on. (使用so…that…结构改写句子)
The ice on the lake is so thin that we can’t skate on it.
【第3句】:一句多译
这本书花了我300元。
I spent 300 yuan on the book.
I paid 300 yuan for the book.
The price of the book is 300 yuan.
It cost me 300 yuan to buy the book.
我不懂什么英语,李明也不懂。
I don’t know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, neither does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, no more doe s Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, so it is with Li Ming.
I know no more English than Li Ming does.
I know as little English as Li Ming does.
一到家,我就把所见到的一 切都记了下来。
On/Upon arriving home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
As soon as I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
The moment I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
The instant I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
No sooner had I arrived home than I wrote down everything I had seen.
昨天下午他才来。
He came here yesterday afternoon.
He didn’t come here until yesterday afternoon.
Not until yesterday afternoon did he come here.
It was yesterday afternoon that he arrived here.
It was n ot until yesterday afternoon that he came here.
高考英语作文写作指导(书信类作文)
英文书信一般由六部分组成。即:信头(Heading)、信内地址(Inside Address),称呼(Salutation),正文(Body of Letter)、结束语(Complimentary Close)、署名(Signature),有时在书信后面还有附言(Postscript)、附件(Enclosure),这得视具体情况而定。
一般分为商业信函(Business Letters)和私人书信(Personal Letters)两种,而高考书面表达一般都是要求写私人书信。具体如下:
【第1句】:信头:寄信人的地址和写信日期,写在信的右上角。注意英语中地名的写法与中文不同,要从小到大;日期的写法也与中文不同,不是写在签名之下,而是写在寄信人的地址之下。习惯上人们采用美式英语表达,即月、日、年,月,日与年之间用逗号隔开,月份尽量不要缩写,如June 8,2009;而英式英语表达则为日、月、年,中间不用逗号隔开,如8 June 2009。
【第2句】:称呼:自成一行,顶格写。称呼语常用:Dear Sir/Madam/Manager/Editor/friends/Bob,称呼之后一般用逗号。
【第3句】:正文:信件的主体部分即为信的正文。正文写在称呼的下一行,与Dear后第一个单词对齐。正文通常包括三部分,即开头、目的`和结尾。正文的开头语常用:Thank you for your last letter asking about...;I’m glad to...。正文的结尾语是正文的一部分,常常另起一行,常用的结尾语有:I’m looking forward to your reply;Thanks and all the best;Best wishes;Wishing you a pleasant journey。
【第4句】:结束语:结束语与正文的结尾语不一样,它要写在结尾语的下一行,位于书信的右下角,后面用逗号。常用的结束语有Yours sincerely, Yours, Sincerely yours, Yours truly等;
【第5句】:签名:签名写在结束语的下一行,与结束语对齐,也就是签上写信人的名字。
一封正规的私人书信格式如下:
Dear David,
I’ve learned it from the Internet that you want to make a Chinese friend so as to learn the Chinese language and culture.
_________________________________________________________________
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
值得注意的是近些年来,高考增加了一种较为灵活的书信写作形式,即:写回信。这类题型中,书信正文的开头除简单的问候(How are you?/ How’s everything going?)外,应该总结一下上封来信中提出的问题、需求等,使读者更清楚地了解这封回信的意图。
【试题内容】
假定你是来自英国的旅游者约翰.史密斯, 现用英语给十中的校长写一封感谢信, 内容如下:
【第1句】:昨天你在公园游览时丢失钱包,里面有很多钱,还有护照和机票。
【第2句】:当晚有一个男孩找到你的房间,送还拾到的钱包。你想给钱他作为感谢,被他拒绝。
【第3句】:你从宾馆经理那里获悉,他是十中的学生,名叫李华。
注:字数:100 左右。
【参考范文】
Dear sir,
I am a tourist from the UK. Yesterday I visited the park and had a wonderful time there. But when I returned to the hotel, I found my wallet missing. There was a lot of money in it, and above all, there were also my passport and flight ticket. Naturally I was very worried. In the evening , the hotel manager brought a boy to my room. The boy handed me my wallet. I thanked him and offered him some money. But he politely refused. Form the manager, I learned he is a schoolboy of your school and his name is LiHua.
Yours,
John Smith
高考英语作文写作指导(日记类作文)
人们常说:要真正学好英语,就要培养用英语思想的能力。但是,要做到这一点是不容易的。有一个简单易行的办法可以帮助我们练习用英语思想,那就是用英语写日记。日记是十分自由的文体,不像作文,必须有正式的主题,讲究文体。日记是思想,是感情,是内心的一切。有朋友来你家作客,你可以写:We had a wonderful time together. 春节快到了,你或许可以这样写:The Spring Festival is around the corner. It’s the most important occasion for the family reunion.甚至在夏天与蚊子的“斗争”也可以成为日记的内容:These annoying mosquitoes didn’t seem to be afraid of the mosquito coil(蚊香)I burned. So I had to hang up a mosquito-net. It was fun to lie inside the net reading a favorite magazine while those unpleasant small insects were looking at me helplessly outside.
实际上,用英语写日记是最有效的练习英语写作的形式。它能够让你从各种生活细节及感受中学到最生活化、最地道的英语词语。比如:你今天吃了龙虾,英语是 lobster;你想说某个女同学堪称“校花”,那是 school beauty;考试作弊是 cheat in the exam,等等。因此,可以这么说:如果你能流利地写出好的英语日记,你的英语就已经成功了一大半。
那么关于写好英语日记的要点有3点:
一是养成积累词语的习惯。从某种意义上说,写英语日记又是最难的写作,因为它包罗万象,涉及到生活的各个方面,对词汇的要求特别高。因此,在日常学习中,必须做一个“有心人”,准备一本笔记本,对一些英语的习惯表达法及时记录下来,以便在以后记日记的时候可以使用。在开始记日记时,碰到一两个英语词汇不会写,不妨用汉语先写上,以后学会了英语表达,再补上去。千万不要因为一两个词写不出,就没了记英语日记的兴趣,以至放弃用英语记日记。只要你注意积累,一定会发觉自己英语日记中夹杂的汉语会越来越少,最后变为全部地道的英语日记。
二是英语日记的写作格式。日记的第一行,要写明年、月、日与星期,然后要写明当天的气候状况,如果是游记,还要写明地点。这一部分中天气状况比较难写。下面是一些常用的描写天气的英语词语:
晴 clear 阴 overcast 多云 cloudy 小雨 light rain
大雨 heavy rain 毛毛雨 drizzle 阵雨 shower
东风 east wind 南风 south wind 西风 west wind
北风 north wind 西南风 southwester 东南风 southeaster
东北风 northeaster 西北风 northwester
气温 temperature
炎热 scorching heat 寒冷 icy cold 下雪 snow
冰雹 hail 虹 rainbow
日记正文可以是叙事、描述、说明、议论等各种形式。其实,由于日记是非常随便的`,因此上述文体常常结合在一起使用。日记内容取自生活,可长可短,有时无事可记,一两句也可以。切忌今天记,明天不记,三天打鱼,两天晒网,破坏了记日记的情趣。另外,日记也应该尽可能讲究一些文采,切忌写成流水账。
三是英语日记中的缩写与省略。英语日记中的第一行的月份与星期通常都是缩写的:
Sunday----Sun Monday----Mon.
Tuesday----Tues. Wednesday----Wed.
Thursday----Thur. 或 Thurs. Friday----Fri.
Saturday----Sat. January----Jan.
February----Feb. March----Mar.
April----Apr. May----May. June----Jun.
July----Jul. August----Aug.
September----Sept. October----Oct.
November----Nov. December----Dec.
另外,英语日记中由于频繁出现I,因此,常常省略,如:In the evening went with Xiao Li to the cinema. Finishing exercises, went to play tennis. 但如果省去I,会造成语义不清时,则不可省去:
My sister is good at English, but I am just so-so.
实际上,省与不省I,只是作者的一种习惯,为了记日记的方便。
最后需要一提的是,英语日记习惯一年一本,因此日期不必写年份,而只是在每年一本的日记本封面上或者在日记的第一页和最后一页加以注明即可。
【参考例文】
“邻居送西瓜”这样一件小事,充满生活乐趣。当然可以作为日记的材料。
Thurs ., Jan . 7 Very fine
A sunny day
I got up early today to watch the sunrise. While I waited for the sun to rise, I sat beside my window and thought of my future. Soon I will be a grown man and I won’t be a baby anymore. Maybe I’ll be going to college if I pass the college entrance examination. I didn’t want to think of not passing this important examination, for my parents are counting on me to do so.
Anyway, if I don’t pass this one I should try again next year. I thought about my parents too. They have worked so hard to give us children a good life. Now, they are getting older little by little. There are more grey hairs now in Mother’s hair. As for my father, he’s beginning to have a hard time reading the newspaper. He uses a pair of glasses now. All these thoughts touch me and tell me that time is indeed swiftly passing.
The sun was coming out of the horizon. First it was just a ray of light. But little by little the whole circle started coming into view. The sky was a bright orange with a blue haze surrounding the emptiness. Soon I could feel the warmth of the sun as its rays passed through my window pane. The view was really beautiful, more beautiful than any picture I had ever seen. In a few minutes everyone was awake and everyone went on their own way with their lives. Another day started and it was another beginning for all of us.
小学作文写作指导:怎样写好看图作文
看图作文,就是根据提供的一幅或一组图画,通过认真细致的观察,并在这个基础上进行合理的想象和联想,然后围绕图的中心,精心构思,用自己的话有条理,有重点地把图画的内容及要表达的思想准确地反映出来。
对小学生来说,写看图作文有什么好处呢?
【第1句】:能提高我们的观察能力。
写看图作文的时候,在下笔之前,首先要观察眼前的图画,这样才能下笔写文章。怎样观察?先观察什么?后观察什么?主要观察什么?哪些是次要的?这样经过长期的看图作文训练,观察能力就能得到锻炼和提高。
【第2句】:能发挥我们的想象力。
看图作文,我们并不是象照相机一样将图的内容纹丝不动的摄下来,要使它成为一篇有中心,有条理,内容具体,结构完整的一篇文章,让图中人物活灵活现,让图中故事有头有尾,必须通过联想和想象。
看图作文是命题作文的基础,是观察、思维、表达能力的综合训练,在小学阶段作文训练中占有很重要的地位。在一些省市、区县的小学毕业汇考中,甚至中考、高考中也常出现看图作文这种形式。因此,从小学起训练好看图作文是十分重要的。
看图作文就形式而言有两种:单图作文和连图作文。单图作文要求围绕图的中心表达,准确而有层次地写清楚图的内容,看图作文要求先看懂每一幅画面的内容,研究画面与画面之间的联系和变化,然后从整体上把握这几幅画面所要表达的主要内容。
看图作文从表达方式上分。可分为记叙性的、描写性的、说明性的、说理性的等几类。小学阶段主要是训练记叙性的看图作文,但描写性的`、说明性的和较浅易的说理性的看图作文也不容忽视。
那么,怎样进行看图作文呢?看图作文也是作文,它和其他形式的作文一样,都要求达到思想健康,中心明确,内容具体,条理清楚,详略得当,语句通顺,书写工整,注意不写错别字,会用常用的标点符号。但是,看图作文毕竟是看图作文,它有自己和别人不同的地方,有自己的特点看图。
我们认为要写好看图作文,要从以下几个方面进行着手:
第一,认真观察,理解画面:
我们观察图画,要有整体观念,要统观全貌,不能只观察一个部分,一个局部。看单幅图是这样,看多幅图也是这样。看单幅图,要从整体出发,先将整个画面总的看一看,了解主要内容,然后再按一定的顺序,把画面的具体内容一部分一部分地看清楚,最后再回到整体上来。看多幅图,也要用“整体----部分----整体”的方法观察,先要统观几幅图画,看这几幅图合在一起讲的是什么人,什么事,然后再按照看单图的方法,逐幅仔细观察,看懂每幅图的内容,最后还要统观全局。
其次,要有顺序的观察。
我们这里讲的观察顺序,是指具体的观察线路,先看什么,后看什么。多幅图是要从第一幅看起的,依次看到最后,这是不用多说的了。单幅图观察顺序就很多了,有的图画需要从上往下的,也有的画需要从下往上看,有的图画是从远处往近处看的,也有的画需要从近处往远处看,还有从左往右看的,从右向左看的,由物及人的,也学有的图画,几种观察顺序都要用上。
再有,要有重点地观察。
一幅图画和一篇文章一样,作画的人不是平均使用力量的,为了达到自己的绘画目的,画面的内容必定有轻重之分,这往从形象的大小,位置的远近等方面来表现。我们在作文之前,面对一组图画或一幅图画,必须要了解作画人的意图,掌握图画的的重点,只有把这些方面都搞清楚了,我们的作文才会和作画人的原意相吻合。再从写文章的角度看,重点突出了,文章的主次就分明了,详略也会得当了。
第二,要发挥联想和想象力。
看图作文中的想象,就是从眼前所展现的画面的内容出发,在已有知识和已有经验的基础上,想出不在眼前的新的人、事、景、物的具体形象。
看图作文中的联想,就是由眼前的画面内容引发,想到与此相关的另外的一些人、事、景、物的具体形象。
我们知道,提供给我们作文的图画有两种,一种是单幅的,另一种是多幅的。多幅图画的的各幅图之间是互相联系的,但是,如果把多幅图和写出来的文章一一对照,我们会发现,图与图之间还有无法画出来或没有画出来的内容,也就是说,图与图之间有跳跃性,不象文章那样紧密相连。