【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿,这里小编给大家分享一些,方便大家学习。
本周的资讯热词有:
1.我国将全面推行'河长制'
2.多地迎来今冬'最重雾霾'
3.'春运火车票'已正式开售
4.银联推'二维码支付'标准
5.京'校园霸凌'事件引关注
6.美联储宣布'加息'25基点
1. 河长制
river chief system
请看例句:
The general offices of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council have jointly issued a document to implement a river chief system nationwide.
中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅近日联合下发了关于在全国范围内推行河长制的文件。
中办、国办11日正式公布《关于全面推行河长制的意见》,提出在全国江河湖泊(rivers and lakes)推行"河长制(river chief/keeper system)",到2024年年底前全面建立河长制。根据《意见》,我国将全面建立省、市、县、乡四级河长体系(establish provincial, municipal, and county- and township-level river chief systems),并任命地方各级政府领导为河长(appoint heads of local government at various levels as river chiefs)。各省(自治区、直辖市)需任命省级政府领导为总河长(each province, autonomous region and municipality should appoint its government head as its general river chief);市长和县长应负责行政区域(administrative region)内水资源的保护。
各级河长(river chief)是河湖管护(management and protection of rivers and lakes)的第一责任人。各级河长的主要任务包括:加强水资源保护(water resource protection)、加强河湖水域岸线管理保护(shoreline management and protection)、加强水污染防治(water pollution prevention and control)、加强水环境治理(water environment management)、加强水生态修复(ecological restoration)以及加强执法监管(law enforcement monitoring)。
根据《意见》,河长的工作表现(job performance)将接受考核,负责的水体出现环境损害的,将被问责(they will be held accountable if environmental damage occurs in the waters they take charge of)。各省(自治区、直辖市)党委和政府(Party committee and government)要在每年1月底前将上年度的贯彻落实情况上报。
[相关词汇]
河流污染 river pollution
水污染 water contamination
水质检测 water quality test
河道 watercourse
非法排污 illegal discharge of pollutants
政绩 political performance
公众监督 public supervision
2. 最重雾霾
most severe smog
请看例句:
Beijing has issued its first air pollution red alert of the year, as the most severe smog since autumn is set to start on Friday night and last for five days.
随着入秋以来最重雾霾的来袭,北京发布了今年首个空气污染红色预警。此次雾霾天气将从16日晚开始,持续5天。
据北京市环保局消息,北京将于16日20时启动空气重污染红色预警(the red alert for heavy air pollution will take effect from 8 pm Friday)。16日至21日红警启动期间,国Ⅰ、国Ⅱ排放标准机动车(cars with National I and II emission standards)禁止上路行驶,国Ⅲ及以上机动车单双号行驶(be allowed to drive on alternate days based on an odd-or-even license plate rule);机动车违反上述规定的,将被处以100元罚款(be fined RMB100)。目前,北京及天津政府已发出通知,要求关闭建筑工地(shut down construction sites)并建议部分工厂停工、学校停课(schools are advised to suspend classes)。自21日夜间起空气质量预计将有所改善(air quality is expected to improve),届时将根据空气质量实况及预报适时解除预警。
环保部(the Ministry of Environmental Protection)还向天津市、河北省、山西省、山东省、河南省人民政府发函,通报空气质量预测预报信息(air quality forecasts),提出预警提示建议。除北京市外,京津冀周边20余城市也已相继发布红警(more than 20 cities around the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region have also issued red alerts),9城市发布橙色预警(orange alert)。环保部将派出13个督查组(inspection teams),就地方政府是否采取适当措施开展督查(check whether local governments have taken appropriate measures)。此外,环保部还将严厉打击企业超标排放等违法行为,加大重点企业及燃煤设施的监督检查力度,落实机动车限行(traffic restriction)等措施,保障各项应对措施落实到位。
[相关词汇]
碳排放 carbon emission
空气末日 airpocalypse
国家安全标准 national safety level
交通拥堵 traffic jam/congestion
空气净化器 air purifier
空气过滤口罩 air filtration face mask
3. 春运火车票
train tickets for the Spring Festival travel rush
请看例句:
Train tickets for the first day of the Spring Festival travel rush went on sale Thursday.
15日,春运首日火车票开始销售。
我国一年一度的春运(the annual Spring Festival travel rush)被誉为世界最大规模人口迁徙(the world's largest human migration)。春运从2024年1月13日起至2月21日止,共40天,是自2024年以来启动最早的一次春运。同时受铁路新线调图影响,网购火车票预售期(pre-sale period)从60天调整为30天,车站售票窗口(ticket booth)、代售点(ticket agency)、自动售票机(automatic ticket vending machine)预售期由58天调整为28天。本月15日起,2024年春运火车票(train tickets for the Spring Festival travel rush)启动互联网和电话预售。按现行预售期计算,除夕(1月27日)车票将在本月29日开售(go on sale)。
中国铁路总公司(China Railway Corporation)预计,2024年春运中国铁路预计发送旅客3.56亿人次(the country's rail network will handle 356m journeys during the travel rush),同比增加3156万人次,增幅达9.7%。春运期间,全国铁路计划增开旅客列车(passenger train)以应对增加的客流量,并将简化购票流程(simplify ticket purchase procedures)以提升服务。通过官方购票网站(official ticket purchasing website)12306.cn购票,近六成车票购买时不再需要输入验证码(verification code)。
12306手机客户端也在本月初进行了更新升级,客户端首页置顶了四大服务:查询列车正晚点信息(check if the trains are on schedule)、温馨服务、查询全国各地火车站的车票起售时间(check the start of tickets pre-sale period in all railway stations across the country)和约车(car hailing)。温馨服务的服务类型包括重点旅客预约(VIP passenger reservation service)、遗失物品查找(lost and found)、质量服务投诉(complaints about service quality)、网络购票(buy/purchase tickets online)投诉、建议及客服(customer service)电话查询。
[相关词汇]
自助进站通道 self-service check-in lane
订票取票 ticket booking and pickup
囤票 hoard tickets
临客列车 temporary train
售票诈骗 ticket sale fraud
倒票 ticket scalping
黄牛 scalper
4. 二维码支付
two-dimensional barcode payment
请看例句:
China UnionPay, the national bankcard association, on Monday launched its own application and security standard for two-dimensional barcode payment.
12日,全国性银行卡联合组织中国银联推出了自己的二维码支付应用和安全规范。
12日,中国银联发布二维码支付标准,包括《中国银联二维码支付应用规范》、《中国银联二维码支付安全规范(security standard)》两个企业标准。中国银联技术部总经理宋汉石表示,银联将采用统一的技术解决方案(adopt unified technical solutions)来实现不同金融机构间的互联互通(achieve interconnectivity among different financial institutions),保证用户体验的一致性。银联二维码支付标准采用支付标记化技术(token technology),对账户敏感信息进行保护(protect sensitive account information),确保支付安全(ensure payment security)。
银联二维码支付遵循现有银行卡支付的"四方模式(four party model)",与实体银行卡支付(physical card payment)的差异在于支付信息交互方式的变化,其后台账户仍基于实体银行卡账户。目前,支付市场存在三方模式和四方模式。四方模式即卡组织(card association)、发卡机构(card issuer)、商户(merchant)和收单机构(acquirer)四类参与主体,目前中国银联、Visa、万事达卡等均采用四方模式;而支付宝、微信支付等第三方支付机构(third-party payment institution)直连银行,绕开卡组织进行网络支付,即采取三方模式。
用户如果想要通过银联二维码支付,需要满足以下条件:在手机中安装(install)银行APP或银联钱包APP;APP中绑定已实名认证的银行卡(bind a bankcard registered with holder's real name to the app);所支付商家需具备银联二维码支付方式。目前工商银行、建设银行、民生银行、中信银行、招商银行、浦发银行、兴业银行等已纷纷推出二维码支付产品。农业银行和平安银行的二维码支付产品可能将在明年上线。业内人士指出,银联推出二维码标准,意在深耕互联网金融(internet finance),抢滩以支付宝、微信钱包为主的移动支付市场(compete for a share in the mobile payment market dominated by Alipay and WeChat Wallet)。
[相关词汇]
快速回应码 Quick Response (QR) code
现金支付 cash payment
刷卡 swipe the card
取钱 withdraw cash
清算银行 clearing bank
小额信贷 micro credit
恶意软件 malware
5. 校园霸凌/欺凌
bullying on campus
请看例句:
A primary school in Beijing on Tuesday denied allegations of bullying on its campus after an open letter written by a Beijing mother about how her 10-year-old son was bullied at school went viral.
北京一所小学13日否认校园霸凌的指控,此前一位北京妈妈写下的关于自己10岁儿子如何遭受校园霸凌的公开信被广泛传播。
8日晚,一篇题为《每对母子都是生死之交,我要陪他向校园霸凌说NO!》的文章开始在微信朋友圈(WeChat Moments)等平台刷屏。撰文者自称是中关村二小(Zhongguancun Second Primary School)四年级一名10岁男孩的妈妈。她称,孩子在学校被同学用厕所垃圾筐扣头并嘲笑后(after having a toilet wastepaper basket thrown on his head and being mocked by classmates),出现失眠(insomnia)、厌食(anorexia)、恐惧上学等症状,被医院诊断为"急性应激反应(acute stress disorder)",在之后与学校的沟通中未达成一致。 这位母亲还写道,她向学校及海淀区教委(education committee)反映此事(report the incident),恶作剧的两个孩子供认不讳。但一名对方家长觉得"就是孩子淘气"(believe the kid was "just being naughty"),拒绝道歉。老师定性此事为"就是开了一个过分的玩笑"(describe the case as "merely an overdone prank/a joke that went too far"),并让她放弃"处理惩戒施暴的孩子、让施暴者的家长道歉"等诉求。
10日,中关村二小发表声明称:从事发到现在,学校一直在积极努力协调,客观、公正地(objectively and fairly)处理几方家长(the relevant parents)间的相关诉求和矛盾纠纷。本着保护好每一位未成年孩子的合法权益(protect every minor child's legal rights),学校还将做持续努力,力争达到多方认可的结果(further effort will be made to achieve an outcome that is recognized by all parties)。针对近期网络上出现的关于我校以及相关事件的不实言论,将保留通过法律途径维护学校及学生声誉的权利(retain the right to defend the honor of the school and its students through legal means)。该校还呼吁让教育问题回归校园进行处理(leave the educational issues to the schools themselves)。
13日,中关村二小作出最新回应称:孩子属于正常的同学关系(have a normal relationship at school),课上、课下互动交往正常,有互相起外号现象,但没有明显的矛盾冲突(no apparent conflict),认定其为"偶发事件",尚不足以认定涉事学生构成校园"欺凌"或者"暴力"(do not constitute bullying or violence on campus)。
事件过程中,涉事学生行为是否构成"校园欺凌"一直是各方最大的分歧所在(where the biggest dispute lies)。据悉,目前"校园欺凌"事件普遍存在取证(obtain evidence)难、认定(identify)难的问题。到底谁来判定是否为欺凌(who can judge whether it is bullying or not)、该如何处理,目前仍较模糊。根据今年4月国务院《关于开展校园欺凌专项治理的通知》,"校园欺凌"即"发生在学生之间蓄意或恶意通过肢体、语言及网络等手段,实施欺负、侮辱造成伤害"的行为(behaviors among students which involve bullying and humiliation that cause harms, through physical or verbal abuse as well as in cyberspace with deliberate and malicious intention)。按照校园欺凌问题权威专家界定,欺凌具备三个基本特征:"重复发生性(frequent occurrence)、伤害性(hurtfulness)和力量不均衡性(power/strength imbalance)"。中国教育科学研究院研究员储朝晖表示,在对校园欺凌进行判定时,不能仅从表面、形式上判断,当被欺凌者感到痛苦时,该学生就是受到了欺凌。
[相关词汇]
校园暴力 campus/school violence
校园孤立 isolation on campus
攻击行为 aggressive behavior
零容忍 zero tolerance
群殴 mass brawl
6. 加息
rate hike
请看例句:
The US Federal Reserve on Wednesday decided to raise benchmark interest rate by 25 basis points, the first and only rate hike in 2024.
美国联邦储备局14日决定将基准利率上调25个基点,这是美联储今年首次也是唯一一次加息。
美联储在声明中称,经济温和扩张(moderate economic expansion)、劳动力市场持续走强(continued strengthening of labor market),以及通胀水平的改善(the improvement in inflation condition)支撑了此次加息(the rate hike)。这是美联储在过去十年中的第二次加息(the second increase in a decade),上一次加息发生在去年年底,加息幅度也是0.25%。美联储还表示,政策依然"宽松"(policy remained "accommodative"),而这将支持劳动力市场进一步"有所"增强(support "some" further strengthening of the labor market)。
据报道,此次加息是对美国经济复苏势头增强且可能会进一步受到共和党减税政策刺激(receive further stimulus from Republican tax cuts)的回应。在最近几个季度接连调降加息预测之后,美国央行的政策制定者(policymakers)将2024年加息次数的预估中值(median projection)从此前的两次上调至三次,预计每次调整幅度将为25个基点。
受美联储加息影响,15日,上证综指微跌0.73%(the benchmark of the Shanghai Composite Index declined slightly by 0.73%)。当日,人民币对美元中间价(the central parity rate of the renminbi against the US dollar)报6.9289,大幅下调261个基点(be weakened 261 basis points)。经济学家认为,我国应加大对资产价格泡沫遏制的力度(China should step up efforts to contain asset price bubbles),以应对美元走强的局面。
[相关词汇]
加息周期 interest rate hike cycle
存款准备金率 required reserve ratio
贷款基础利率 Loan Prime Rate, LPR
存款利率浮动区间 floating band of deposit rate
逆回购 reverse repo
本周的资讯热词有:
1.我国将全面推行'河长制'
2.多地迎来今冬'最重雾霾'
3.'春运火车票'已正式开售
4.银联推'二维码支付'标准
5.京'校园霸凌'事件引关注
6.美联储宣布'加息'25基点
1. 河长制
river chief system
请看例句:
The general offices of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council have jointly issued a document to implement a river chief system nationwide.
中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅近日联合下发了关于在全国范围内推行河长制的文件。
中办、国办11日正式公布《关于全面推行河长制的意见》,提出在全国江河湖泊(rivers and lakes)推行"河长制(river chief/keeper system)",到2024年年底前全面建立河长制。根据《意见》,我国将全面建立省、市、县、乡四级河长体系(establish provincial, municipal, and county- and township-level river chief systems),并任命地方各级政府领导为河长(appoint heads of local government at various levels as river chiefs)。各省(自治区、直辖市)需任命省级政府领导为总河长(each province, autonomous region and municipality should appoint its government head as its general river chief);市长和县长应负责行政区域(administrative region)内水资源的保护。
各级河长(river chief)是河湖管护(management and protection of rivers and lakes)的第一责任人。各级河长的主要任务包括:加强水资源保护(water resource protection)、加强河湖水域岸线管理保护(shoreline management and protection)、加强水污染防治(water pollution prevention and control)、加强水环境治理(water environment management)、加强水生态修复(ecological restoration)以及加强执法监管(law enforcement monitoring)。
根据《意见》,河长的工作表现(job performance)将接受考核,负责的水体出现环境损害的,将被问责(they will be held accountable if environmental damage occurs in the waters they take charge of)。各省(自治区、直辖市)党委和政府(Party committee and government)要在每年1月底前将上年度的贯彻落实情况上报。
[相关词汇]
河流污染 river pollution
水污染 water contamination
水质检测 water quality test
河道 watercourse
非法排污 illegal discharge of pollutants
政绩 political performance
公众监督 public supervision
2. 最重雾霾
most severe smog
请看例句:
Beijing has issued its first air pollution red alert of the year, as the most severe smog since autumn is set to start on Friday night and last for five days.
随着入秋以来最重雾霾的来袭,北京发布了今年首个空气污染红色预警。此次雾霾天气将从16日晚开始,持续5天。
据北京市环保局消息,北京将于16日20时启动空气重污染红色预警(the red alert for heavy air pollution will take effect from 8 pm Friday)。16日至21日红警启动期间,国Ⅰ、国Ⅱ排放标准机动车(cars with National I and II emission standards)禁止上路行驶,国Ⅲ及以上机动车单双号行驶(be allowed to drive on alternate days based on an odd-or-even license plate rule);机动车违反上述规定的,将被处以100元罚款(be fined RMB100)。目前,北京及天津政府已发出通知,要求关闭建筑工地(shut down construction sites)并建议部分工厂停工、学校停课(schools are advised to suspend classes)。自21日夜间起空气质量预计将有所改善(air quality is expected to improve),届时将根据空气质量实况及预报适时解除预警。
环保部(the Ministry of Environmental Protection)还向天津市、河北省、山西省、山东省、河南省人民政府发函,通报空气质量预测预报信息(air quality forecasts),提出预警提示建议。除北京市外,京津冀周边20余城市也已相继发布红警(more than 20 cities around the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region have also issued red alerts),9城市发布橙色预警(orange alert)。环保部将派出13个督查组(inspection teams),就地方政府是否采取适当措施开展督查(check whether local governments have taken appropriate measures)。此外,环保部还将严厉打击企业超标排放等违法行为,加大重点企业及燃煤设施的监督检查力度,落实机动车限行(traffic restriction)等措施,保障各项应对措施落实到位。
[相关词汇]
碳排放 carbon emission
空气末日 airpocalypse
国家安全标准 national safety level
交通拥堵 traffic jam/congestion
空气净化器 air purifier
空气过滤口罩 air filtration face mask
3. 春运火车票
train tickets for the Spring Festival travel rush
请看例句:
Train tickets for the first day of the Spring Festival travel rush went on sale Thursday.
15日,春运首日火车票开始销售。
我国一年一度的春运(the annual Spring Festival travel rush)被誉为世界最大规模人口迁徙(the world's largest human migration)。春运从2024年1月13日起至2月21日止,共40天,是自2024年以来启动最早的一次春运。同时受铁路新线调图影响,网购火车票预售期(pre-sale period)从60天调整为30天,车站售票窗口(ticket booth)、代售点(ticket agency)、自动售票机(automatic ticket vending machine)预售期由58天调整为28天。本月15日起,2024年春运火车票(train tickets for the Spring Festival travel rush)启动互联网和电话预售。按现行预售期计算,除夕(1月27日)车票将在本月29日开售(go on sale)。
中国铁路总公司(China Railway Corporation)预计,2024年春运中国铁路预计发送旅客3.56亿人次(the country's rail network will handle 356m journeys during the travel rush),同比增加3156万人次,增幅达9.7%。春运期间,全国铁路计划增开旅客列车(passenger train)以应对增加的客流量,并将简化购票流程(simplify ticket purchase procedures)以提升服务。通过官方购票网站(official ticket purchasing website)12306.cn购票,近六成车票购买时不再需要输入验证码(verification code)。
12306手机客户端也在本月初进行了更新升级,客户端首页置顶了四大服务:查询列车正晚点信息(check if the trains are on schedule)、温馨服务、查询全国各地火车站的车票起售时间(check the start of tickets pre-sale period in all railway stations across the country)和约车(car hailing)。温馨服务的服务类型包括重点旅客预约(VIP passenger reservation service)、遗失物品查找(lost and found)、质量服务投诉(complaints about service quality)、网络购票(buy/purchase tickets online)投诉、建议及客服(customer service)电话查询。
[相关词汇]
自助进站通道 self-service check-in lane
订票取票 ticket booking and pickup
囤票 hoard tickets
临客列车 temporary train
售票诈骗 ticket sale fraud
倒票 ticket scalping
黄牛 scalper
4. 二维码支付
two-dimensional barcode payment
请看例句:
China UnionPay, the national bankcard association, on Monday launched its own application and security standard for two-dimensional barcode payment.
12日,全国性银行卡联合组织中国银联推出了自己的二维码支付应用和安全规范。
12日,中国银联发布二维码支付标准,包括《中国银联二维码支付应用规范》、《中国银联二维码支付安全规范(security standard)》两个企业标准。中国银联技术部总经理宋汉石表示,银联将采用统一的技术解决方案(adopt unified technical solutions)来实现不同金融机构间的互联互通(achieve interconnectivity among different financial institutions),保证用户体验的一致性。银联二维码支付标准采用支付标记化技术(token technology),对账户敏感信息进行保护(protect sensitive account information),确保支付安全(ensure payment security)。
银联二维码支付遵循现有银行卡支付的"四方模式(four party model)",与实体银行卡支付(physical card payment)的差异在于支付信息交互方式的变化,其后台账户仍基于实体银行卡账户。目前,支付市场存在三方模式和四方模式。四方模式即卡组织(card association)、发卡机构(card issuer)、商户(merchant)和收单机构(acquirer)四类参与主体,目前中国银联、Visa、万事达卡等均采用四方模式;而支付宝、微信支付等第三方支付机构(third-party payment institution)直连银行,绕开卡组织进行网络支付,即采取三方模式。
用户如果想要通过银联二维码支付,需要满足以下条件:在手机中安装(install)银行APP或银联钱包APP;APP中绑定已实名认证的银行卡(bind a bankcard registered with holder's real name to the app);所支付商家需具备银联二维码支付方式。目前工商银行、建设银行、民生银行、中信银行、招商银行、浦发银行、兴业银行等已纷纷推出二维码支付产品。农业银行和平安银行的二维码支付产品可能将在明年上线。业内人士指出,银联推出二维码标准,意在深耕互联网金融(internet finance),抢滩以支付宝、微信钱包为主的移动支付市场(compete for a share in the mobile payment market dominated by Alipay and WeChat Wallet)。
[相关词汇]
快速回应码 Quick Response (QR) code
现金支付 cash payment
刷卡 swipe the card
取钱 withdraw cash
清算银行 clearing bank
小额信贷 micro credit
恶意软件 malware
5. 校园霸凌/欺凌
bullying on campus
请看例句:
A primary school in Beijing on Tuesday denied allegations of bullying on its campus after an open letter written by a Beijing mother about how her 10-year-old son was bullied at school went viral.
北京一所小学13日否认校园霸凌的指控,此前一位北京妈妈写下的关于自己10岁儿子如何遭受校园霸凌的公开信被广泛传播。
8日晚,一篇题为《每对母子都是生死之交,我要陪他向校园霸凌说NO!》的文章开始在微信朋友圈(WeChat Moments)等平台刷屏。撰文者自称是中关村二小(Zhongguancun Second Primary School)四年级一名10岁男孩的妈妈。她称,孩子在学校被同学用厕所垃圾筐扣头并嘲笑后(after having a toilet wastepaper basket thrown on his head and being mocked by classmates),出现失眠(insomnia)、厌食(anorexia)、恐惧上学等症状,被医院诊断为"急性应激反应(acute stress disorder)",在之后与学校的沟通中未达成一致。 这位母亲还写道,她向学校及海淀区教委(education committee)反映此事(report the incident),恶作剧的两个孩子供认不讳。但一名对方家长觉得"就是孩子淘气"(believe the kid was "just being naughty"),拒绝道歉。老师定性此事为"就是开了一个过分的玩笑"(describe the case as "merely an overdone prank/a joke that went too far"),并让她放弃"处理惩戒施暴的孩子、让施暴者的家长道歉"等诉求。
10日,中关村二小发表声明称:从事发到现在,学校一直在积极努力协调,客观、公正地(objectively and fairly)处理几方家长(the relevant parents)间的相关诉求和矛盾纠纷。本着保护好每一位未成年孩子的合法权益(protect every minor child's legal rights),学校还将做持续努力,力争达到多方认可的结果(further effort will be made to achieve an outcome that is recognized by all parties)。针对近期网络上出现的关于我校以及相关事件的不实言论,将保留通过法律途径维护学校及学生声誉的权利(retain the right to defend the honor of the school and its students through legal means)。该校还呼吁让教育问题回归校园进行处理(leave the educational issues to the schools themselves)。
13日,中关村二小作出最新回应称:孩子属于正常的同学关系(have a normal relationship at school),课上、课下互动交往正常,有互相起外号现象,但没有明显的矛盾冲突(no apparent conflict),认定其为"偶发事件",尚不足以认定涉事学生构成校园"欺凌"或者"暴力"(do not constitute bullying or violence on campus)。
事件过程中,涉事学生行为是否构成"校园欺凌"一直是各方最大的分歧所在(where the biggest dispute lies)。据悉,目前"校园欺凌"事件普遍存在取证(obtain evidence)难、认定(identify)难的问题。到底谁来判定是否为欺凌(who can judge whether it is bullying or not)、该如何处理,目前仍较模糊。根据今年4月国务院《关于开展校园欺凌专项治理的通知》,"校园欺凌"即"发生在学生之间蓄意或恶意通过肢体、语言及网络等手段,实施欺负、侮辱造成伤害"的行为(behaviors among students which involve bullying and humiliation that cause harms, through physical or verbal abuse as well as in cyberspace with deliberate and malicious intention)。按照校园欺凌问题权威专家界定,欺凌具备三个基本特征:"重复发生性(frequent occurrence)、伤害性(hurtfulness)和力量不均衡性(power/strength imbalance)"。中国教育科学研究院研究员储朝晖表示,在对校园欺凌进行判定时,不能仅从表面、形式上判断,当被欺凌者感到痛苦时,该学生就是受到了欺凌。
[相关词汇]
校园暴力 campus/school violence
校园孤立 isolation on campus
攻击行为 aggressive behavior
零容忍 zero tolerance
群殴 mass brawl
6. 加息
rate hike
请看例句:
The US Federal Reserve on Wednesday decided to raise benchmark interest rate by 25 basis points, the first and only rate hike in 2024.
美国联邦储备局14日决定将基准利率上调25个基点,这是美联储今年首次也是唯一一次加息。
美联储在声明中称,经济温和扩张(moderate economic expansion)、劳动力市场持续走强(continued strengthening of labor market),以及通胀水平的改善(the improvement in inflation condition)支撑了此次加息(the rate hike)。这是美联储在过去十年中的第二次加息(the second increase in a decade),上一次加息发生在去年年底,加息幅度也是0.25%。美联储还表示,政策依然"宽松"(policy remained "accommodative"),而这将支持劳动力市场进一步"有所"增强(support "some" further strengthening of the labor market)。
据报道,此次加息是对美国经济复苏势头增强且可能会进一步受到共和党减税政策刺激(receive further stimulus from Republican tax cuts)的回应。在最近几个季度接连调降加息预测之后,美国央行的政策制定者(policymakers)将2024年加息次数的预估中值(median projection)从此前的两次上调至三次,预计每次调整幅度将为25个基点。
受美联储加息影响,15日,上证综指微跌0.73%(the benchmark of the Shanghai Composite Index declined slightly by 0.73%)。当日,人民币对美元中间价(the central parity rate of the renminbi against the US dollar)报6.9289,大幅下调261个基点(be weakened 261 basis points)。经济学家认为,我国应加大对资产价格泡沫遏制的力度(China should step up efforts to contain asset price bubbles),以应对美元走强的局面。
[相关词汇]
加息周期 interest rate hike cycle
存款准备金率 required reserve ratio
贷款基础利率 Loan Prime Rate, LPR
存款利率浮动区间 floating band of deposit rate
逆回购 reverse repo