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福建省2024高考英语（新人教版）一轮复习作业手册（40）附详细解析
课时作 [选修8 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors](限时：45分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(兖州高三检测)I found him sitting in his chair，completely ________a magazine.
A．absorbing B．being absorbed in
C．absorbed in
D．absorbing in
解析：选C。考查absorb的用法。(be) absorbed in (＝put one’s heart into)专注于；全神贯注于。句意为：我发现他坐在他的座位上，全神贯注地看一本杂志。
2．(·皖南八校高三联考)If it had rained even a drop，things would be much better now and the crops in the fields ________.
A．wouldn’t die
B．didn’t die
C．hadn’t died
D．wouldn’t have died
解析：选D。句意“如果天哪怕下一滴雨，情况比现在会好些，地里的庄稼也不会死”。很明显，本题考查虚拟语气，对过去的虚拟，主句用would have done。
3．—How about the book you are reading now?
—Excellent indeed.You can find many problems we have come across ________ in it.
A．covered
B．covering
C．are referred
D．referred
解析：选A。句意“——你现在正读的那本书怎么样？——真的非常好，你会发现我们遇到的许多问题都包含其中”。we have come across是定语从句，修饰many problems。本题考查的是find sth.done结构，problems和cover之间构成被动关系。
4．I hadn’t seen him for 10 years but I ________ him at first sight.
A．realized
B．spotted
C．watched
D．observed
解析：选B。本题考查动词辨析。realize意识到；实现；spot发现；认出；watch注视；看；observe观察。句意：虽然我已经10年没有见他了，但我第一眼就认出了他。故只有B项符合句子需要。
5．(2024·北京东城区示范校高三模拟)To go abroad to study，you should________master the language.
A．at most
B．at latest
C．at least
D．at last
解析：选C。at most至多；at latest最迟；at last最终。at least意为“至少”，符合句意“到国外读书，你最起码要掌握那种语言”。
6．During the summer of 2008，I was a maid in service at a large house________to a gentleman________Major Donthorne.
A．belonged；calling
B．belongs；called
C．were belonged；calling
D．belonging；called
解析：选D。第一空belong与名词house为主动关系，所以用belonging作定语；第二空call与名词gentleman为被动关系，所以用called作定语。句意为：2008年的夏季，我是佣人，在一所大房子里做事，这房子属于一位先生，叫Major Donthorne。
7．People have always been ________ about how living things on the earth exactly began.
A．strange
B．amusing
C．curious D．conscious
解析：选C。be curious about sth.意为“ 对某事好奇”。
8．—Is your brother going camping?
—He’s signed up but he’s considering________.
A．not to go
B．not going
C．not go
D．against going
解析：选B。consider后接动名词作宾语，在动名词前加not表示否定。9．The bell________the end of the period rang，________our heated discussion.
A．indicating；interrupting
B．indicated；interrupting
C．indicating；interrupted
D．indicated；interrupted
解析：选A。indicating the end of the period这个现在分词短语作bell的定语；interrupting our heated discussion这个分词短语作伴随状语，起补充说明作用，这两个词与主语bell是主谓关系，所以都用现在分词形式。记住，一个句子没有and，but这种连词连接的话只能出现一个动词性质的词来作谓语，多出来的动词只能转换成分词形式，比如这里rang是中心动词，所以interrupt和indicate只能变成现在分词。
10．It is reported that three students were________in the unexpected accident.
A．injured
B．wounded
C．cut
D．harmed
解析：选A。injure主要指意外事故中损害健康、容貌等，强调功能的损失。句意为：据报道有三名学生在突如其来的事故中受伤。
11．To the reader’s disappointment，the leading article in this issue of the magazine is________rubbish.
A．a load of
B．a great many
C．many a
D．a number of
解析：选A。a load of可以修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。其他选项只能修饰可数名词。句意为：这期杂志上的主要文章废话连篇，使读者大失所望。
12．Danis is________writing a new novel and has no eye for his wife and children.
A．occupied to
B．busied for
C．absorbed in
D．engaged with
解析：选C。be absorbed in doing sth.意为“全神贯注干某事”，其他选项搭配错误。
13．In order to avoid________by the parents，the boy decided not to tell the truth to his parents.
A．scolded
B．to scold
C．scolding
D．being scolded
解析：选D。avoid，admit，mind等动词用动词ing形式作宾语，又因为表示被动，所以用ing的被动形式。句意为：为了避免被父母责骂，这个男孩决定不将真相告诉他的父母。
14．This kind of food product is natural，with no________flavors added.
A．accurate
B．regular
C．sensitive
D．artificial
解析：选D。artificial人造的；regular有规律的；accurate精确的；sensitive敏感的。句意为：这种食品是天然的，没有添加人造香料。
15．—I forgot to carry my cellphone，could I use yours?
—________.
A．I wonder how
B．I don’t wonder
C．Sorry，it’s out of order
D．No wonder，here it is
解析：选C。常见的拒绝请求和邀请的应答语有：Sorry，but.../I’d rather you.../Thank you，but.../No way等。Ⅰ.单项填空，I'm here.________asking your parents to come to our school，but I'd like to hear your opinion first.idered
D．have been considering________ by the latest electronic toys，the little boy stood in front of the windows，without moving.D．Attracting
3．He had planned to make a compromise，but________h universities have to keep up with the latest computer and scientific hardware________ price.
A．not to mention
B．in addition to
C．on account of
D．regardless of
5．These days the government has issued several economic policies that will________ the growth of manufacturing industry.
A. accelerate
B. accomplish
C. accumulate
D. approve
6．________that you are chosen as a volunteer at the Olympic Games，what will you do?A．Assumed
B．To assume________those tough words to him.
A．didn't say
B．hadn't said
C．shouldn't have said
D．couldn't have said
8．He says whatever he thinks, ________ other people's feelings.
A. not to mention
B. apart from
C. regardless of
D. in spite
9．[2024·山东卷] George returned after the war, only ________o be told
B. telling
C. being told
D. told
10．________，we must expect changes to be made in our system of teaching.ut
D．Seeing aroundI am________endless examinations.
—Cheer up，David.Keep on until the college entrance examination ends.put up with
12．Tom is said ________ a new computer program recently，but I don't know when he'll finish it. B．to be designing D．to have designed________the government's decision to close the small dye factory.
A．deleted
B．identified
C．interrupted
D．applauded
14．—I'm going to Appleby tomorrow.
—________！ I'm going up there，too.some ________ back to 1，000 years ago. 阅读理解[2024·山东卷] Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language. It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations(引文)showing how it was used.
This was a huge task, so Murray had to find volunteers from Britain, the United States, and the British colonies to search every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers responded, including William Chester Minor. Dr. Minor was an American surgeon who had served in the Civil War and was now living in England. He gave his address as “Broadmoor, Crowthorne, Berkshire，” 50 miles from Oxford.
Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray. Over the next 17 years, he became one of the staff's most valued contributors.
But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit Oxford. So in 1897, Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a booklined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum(精神病院)for the Criminally Insane.
Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10，000 submissions in 20 years. Murray continued to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds.Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend.
Minor died in 1920, seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414，825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum the first Oxford English Dictionary________．w did Dr. Minor contribute to the dictionary?
A. He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers.
B. He sent newspapers, magazines and books to Murray.
C. He provided a great number of words and quotations.
D. He went to England to work with Murray.
18. Why did Dr. Minor refuse to visit Oxford?
A. He was shut in an asylum.
B. He lived far from Oxford.
C. He was busy writing a book.
D. He disliked traveling.
19. Prof. Murray and Dr. Minor became friends mainly because________．ent to America regularly to visit Minor
20. Which of the following best describes Dr. Minor?
A. Brave and determined.
B. Cautious and friendly.
C. Considerate and optimistic.
D. Unusual and scholarly.
21. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. The history of the English language.
B. The friendship between Murray and Minor.
C. Minor and the first Oxford English Dictionary.
D. Broadmoor Asylum and its patients.
B
In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States，many Americans are turning to Japan，a country of high academic achievement and economic success，for possible answers.However，the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find.In most Japanese preschools，surprisingly little stress is put on academic instruction.In one investigation(调查)，300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers，child development specialists，and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education.Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents(答问卷者) listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools.On the contrary，over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices.To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond，Japanese schools do not teach reading，writing，and mathematics，but rather skills such as persistence(毅力)，concentration，and the ability to function as a member of a group.The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.
In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education，91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools.Sixtytwo percent of the more individually oriented(强调个性发展的) .A stress on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into primary school education.
Like in America，there is diversity(多样性) in Japanese early childhood education.Some Japanese kindergartens have clear aims，such as early musical training or potential development.In large cities，some kindergartens are attached to universities that have primary and middle schools.Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a universitybased program，it will increase the children's chances of (智力化) in some Japanese kindergartens.e learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe ________．
A．Japanese parents pay more attention to preschool education than American parents
B．Japan's economic success is the result of its scientific achievements
C．Japanese preschool education attaches greater importance to academic instruction
D．Japan's higher education is better than theirs
23．In Japan's preschool education，the focus is on ________preparing children academically
B．developing children's interests in music
C．discovering children's potential
D．shaping children's character
24．Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to ________．
A．lighten children's study load
B．encourage children's creativity
C．broaden children's views
D．enrich children's knowledge
25．Why do some Japanese parents send their children to universitybased kindergartens?
A．They can have no problems in their future studies.
B．They can have clear aims in life.
C．They can succeed in developing in every way.
D．They can have better chances of getting a firstrate education.
Ⅲ.书面表达假如你是李华，你校学生会于2024年2月15日下午举行“校园书市(a campus book fair)”活动。请你写封email给你的美国笔友Peter，告诉他此次活动的有关情况。活动目的：(1)给同学们提供一个交换图书的机会；(2)更好地利用读过的书。具体内容：(1)把你不想保留的书拿到书市上出售；(2)购买你喜欢的书；(3)交换图书。谈谈你的感想、收获和体会。注意：1.文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。词数：120左右。！How are you going these days?__________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to hearing from you!
Love，课时作业(四十) 句意：——老师，我在。——请听好。我一直在考虑让你父have been considering是现在完成进行时，表示从过去开始的一个动作一直持续到现在，并且还在进行。 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个小男孩被最新的电动玩具所吸引，站在橱窗前一动也不动。句子的主语the little boy与attract构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词。to be done表示动作尚未发生。 考查副词辨析。此处somehow意为“不知怎的”。句意：他已打 not to mention更不必说，不必提及；in addition to除……之外；on account of由于，因为，为了……的缘故；regardless of不顾，不管。根据句意可知D项正确。A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些天政府发布了几项将会加快制造业发展的经济政策。accelerate意为“加速，提前”； accomplish意为“完成，实现”； accumulate意为“积累，增加”； approve意为“批准，赞成”。根据句意可知A项正确。 assuming that…“假定……”为固定句型。类似表达有：providing/supposing (that)…B 考查虚拟语气。if only“要是……就好了”，后用虚拟语气。答句句意：要是我没对他说那些太严厉的话就好了。表示和过去事实相反，故用过去完成时。 考查短语辨析。regardless of 意为“不考虑，不顾及”。 not to mention意为“更别提，更别说”；apart from意为“除了”，所以A、B项意思不对；D项搭配不当。 考查非谓语。此处only to do/be done表示意料之外的结果；现在分词作结果状语则表示自然的结果。这里George和tell之间是被动关系，因此用to be told。句意：战争后乔治回到家，结果被告知妻子已经离开了他。 考查非谓语。句意：展望未来，我们希望我们的教学体系得以改变。look ahead 意为“展望未来，为将来设想”；look around 意为“向四处看”；watch out 意为“注意，当心”；D项无此搭配。 考查动词短语辨析。句意：——我厌烦了无休止的考试。——振作起来，David。坚持到高考结束。be fed up with意为“厌倦，受够了，饱受”。catch up with赶上；come up with提出(想法、put up with忍受，容忍。 考查不定式的时态。句意：据说汤姆最近在设计一种新的电脑程序，但我不知道他什么时候完工。后半句暗示“设计”这一动作还在进行，故用不定式的现在完成进行式。 句意：临近的居民都拍手称赞政府关于关闭这个印染工厂的决定。delete删除；identify识别；interrupt打断；applaud赞赏。 考查交际用语。从答语中的I'm going up there，too.”可知，答话人认为两个人都去Appleby是一件极为巧合的事，故用What a coincidence! 考查独立主格结构。主句主语跟后面状语部分主语不一致，前后没有连词，说明应该用独立主格结构。date back to“追溯到……”，一般不用被动，它与逻辑主语some (trees)应该是主动关系，因此用现在分词。这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了第Minor对词典的编写工作所作出的巨大贡献。 细节理解题。从最后一段的“Minor died in 1920, seven years before the first edition of the leted.”看出A选项是不正确的；从第二段的“Murray had to find volunteers from Britain, the United States, and the British colonies to search every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers responded, including William Chester Minor. Dr. Minor was an American surgeon who had served in the Civil War and was now living in England.”看出牛津词典是集体智慧的结晶；由第一段最后一句中“It would include every English word possible”可知，C项不正确。故选D。 细节理解题。从第三段的“Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray”看出，Minor提供了大量词汇和引文。故选C。 细节理解题。Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a booklined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum for the Criminally Insane.”看出，是由于Minor患精神病被关进医院里，所以没有办法去牛津。故选A。 细节理解题。从第二段Minor自愿加入编词Murray有着共同的兴趣，再从文章倒数第三段的“Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10，000 submissions in 20 years.”可找到答案。故选B。 推理判断题。根据文章中Minor在患精神病住院期间还坚持词典的编写工作看出他的不寻常；从文章倒数第三段的“Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10，000 submissions in 20 years.”看出他的学者风范。故选D。 主旨大意题。文章一开始主要介绍由来自英国、美国和英国殖民地的志愿者参加牛津词典的编写工作，后半部分主要写编者Minor对词典的编写工作所作出的巨大贡献。故选C。B
