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【2024高考调研】（新课标·名校调研）北师大版·英语（高三总复习）Unit 21 Human Biology（课时作业）
Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. I used to ________ my friends by letters while now the Internet is more convenient.
A. meet with
B. come up with
C. put up with
D. correspond with
答案
D
解析
句意：我过去和朋友们靠书信交流，而现在用互联网更方便了。correspond with“与……通信”； meet with“碰见”； come up with“提出”； put up with“容忍”。
2. (2024·青岛模拟)Some students find it hard to ________ the new teacher’s dialect.
A. take in
B. take up
C. take over
D. take on
答案
A
解析
考查动词短语。句意：一些学生发现很难理解新老师的方言。take in“领会；理解”； take up“拿起；继续”； take over“接收；接管”； take on“呈现；承担”。
3. I fear that a prior engagement will ________ me from joining you at dinner.
A. disagree
B. prohibit
C. allow
D. permit
答案
B
解析
句意：我有约在先，恐怕不能与你共进晚餐。根据fear一词可以知道“不能共进晚餐”。A项搭配不正确。
4. — You seemed to have been impressed by his lecture.
— Well， not exactly so. It was his way of speaking， ________ his lecture that really impressed me.
A. rather than
B. as well as
C. but also
D. together with
答案
A
解析
考查介词短语辨析。rather than“而不是”； as well as“不仅……而且……”； but also前常与not only同时出现。意为：“不但……而且……”； together with“和……一起”。根据句意选A。
5. If weather ________， I plan to go climbing on Sunday with several of my classmates.
A. is permitted
B. permits
C. to permit
D. permitting
答案
B
解析
考查动词在句中的正确形式。空格处动词在句中作谓语，因此先排除C、D两项；此处表示主动关系，因此选B。如果去掉if，则D项正确，weather permitting在句中为独立主格结构。
6. Wang Xia was doing her homework and ________ her father was watching TV.
A. meanwhile
B. the meanwhile
C. while
D. meaning
答案
A
解析
本题考查词语辨析。句意：王霞在做作业而与此同时，她的父亲在看电视。meanwhile是副词作状语，若用while前面不加and，因为while为连词。
7. It is certain that his son will ________ his business when he gets old.
A. take over
B. think over
C. hand over
D. go over
答案
A
解析
本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：可以确定，当他老了的时候，他的儿子将接管他的事业。take over“接管”； think over“考虑”； hand over“移交”； go over“复习”。
8. The official at first ________ to make a statement， but later she agreed.
A. voted
B. opposed
C. postponed
D. declined
答案
D
解析
句意：这位官员起初拒绝发表声明，但后来她同意了。vote“投票”； oppose“反对”； postpone“延缓”。oppose与postpone的后面都接v.-ing形式作宾语。decline to do sth. “婉言拒绝做某事”。故D项符合句意。
9. (2024·长沙模拟) By this time next summer， you ________ a high paying job; on the other hand I will still be studying.
A. will have found
B. will find
C. have found
D. are found
答案
A
解析
考查动词时态的运用。句意：截止到明年夏天这个时候，你已经找到了一份高薪工作，而我将还在读书。由by this time next summer可知，此处应用将来完成时。
10. In the ________ society， human beings had to eat whatever they could find， whether it was raw or cooked food.
A. permanent
B. primitive
C. ancient
D. original
答案
B
解析
permanent“永久的；永恒的”； primitive“原始的；落后的”； ancient“古代的”； original“最初的”； primitive society“原始社会”。
11. Information has been put forward ________ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while
B. that
C. when
D. as
答案
B
解析
该题考查that引导的同位语从句。同位语从句通常由that引导，接在fact， news， promise， possibility， information， doubt， message名词后，用来解释或说明名词的内容。
12. — I think it is going to be a big problem.
— Yes， it could be.
— I wonder ________ we can do about it.
A. if
B. how
C. what
D. that
答案
C
解析
本题考查名词性从句的连接词的用法。wonder后面应跟宾语从句，而从句中的谓语动词do是及物动词，可见从句缺少一个代替宾语的成分，我们可以用排除法排除不作成分的if和that，再排除引导方式状语的how，答案是C，句子的意思是“我想我们能就此做些什么”。
13. — Who’s knocking at the door?
— Maybe ________ wanting to sell some new product.
A. everybody
B. anybody
C. somebody D. nobody
答案
C
解析
考查代词的用法。根据问句可知问的是谁在敲门，答语的意思是“也许是某个想出售某种新产品的人”，所以用somebody，表示“某个人”。
14. If he ________ quietly as the doctor instructed， Ronald， would not suffer so much now.
A. laid B. lay
C. should lie
D. had lain
答案
D
解析
考查混合虚拟语气。根据句意可知，从句是对过去事件的虚拟，应用过去完成时，而主句是与现在事实相反，应用would+动词原形。
15. If he ________ his legs in the last training, he ________ the coming World Cup， which he has been longing to compete in.
A. didn’t hurt； would go in for
B. hadn’t hurt； would have taken part in
C. hadn’t hurt； would join in
D. didn’t hurt； would have taken part in
答案
C
解析
考查虚拟语气。in the last training暗示第一空是对过去的虚拟，从句应该用过去完成时，又根据主句中the coming World Cup可知第二空表示对将来的虚拟，所以应该用“would+动词原形”。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
Among all legends and stories on the Great Wall, the most well-known one is probably about a girl called Meng Jiangnü.
1
various dynasties, the story has been modified(修改) and developed into many
2
versions(版本). The most popular one goes as follows:
It was in Qin Dynasty (11 B.C.~56 B.C.). Having
3
from the heavy labour work at the Great Wall construction site, a young man
4
Fan Xiliang hid in a private garden
5
he ran into Meng Jiangnü, the daughter of the garden owner. Then they fell in love and married.
6
right after the wedding, Fan Xiliang was taken away to build the Great Wall
7
. Meng Jiangnü had to wait at home alone. Winter came but Fan Xiliang did not
8
. Meng Jiangnü made him some warm
9
and decided to take them to her husband.
She
10
the construction site but Fan Xiliang was
11
to be found. She was then told that Fan Xiliang had
12
and his body was built into the Great Wall. Meng Jiangnü
13
night and day. Her sorrow was so deep that the Great Wall
14
and exposed the bones and bodies of many
15
men. It was hard for her to find out her husband from them, so she came up with an idea. Meng Jiangnü cut her fingers and dripped her blood on the dead
16
her blood flowed into one. Knowing that this was her husband, she
17
him and then jumped into water and killed herself.
18
is a very wide-spread legend about the Great Wall and it has been __19__ made into movies three times. Though just a legend, the story of Meng Jiangnü did tell us one
20
: many people devoted their lives to building the Great Wall, and it is the collective wisdom of the labour.
1. A. By
B. Through
C. With
D. Beyond
2. A. different B. same
C. similar
D. familar
3. A. taken
B. forced
C. prevented
D. escaped
4. A. liked
B. loved
C. called
D. carried
5. A. where
B. how
C. which
D. why
6. A. And
B. But
C. Or
D. So
7. A. once
B. yet
C. too
D. again
8. A. leave
B. return
C. write
D. telephone
9. A. hats
B. clothes
C. shirts
D. raincoats
10. A. reached
B. came
C. arrived
D. left
11. A. everywhere
B. somewhere
C. nowhere
D. anywhere
12. A. shot
B. killed
C. sold
D. died
13. A. smiled
B. cried
C. sang
D. scolded
14. A. put down
B. took down
C. came down
D. broke down
15. A. dead
B. poor
C. sleepy
D. hungry
16. A. before
B. after
C. until
D. unless
17. A. buried
B. fired
C. took
D. moved
18. A. The
B. This
C. One
D. Which
19. A. too
B. even
C. also
D. still
20. A. experience
B. truth
C. news
D. message
答案与解析
1. 答案
B
解析
由various dynasties可知，应该是“经过；贯穿”各个朝代，指时间，故用through。
2. 答案
A
解析
由上文the story has been modified可知，此处应该选择different“不同的”。
3. 答案
D
解析
由下文他躲在一个私人花园里面可知，很显然他是忍受不了长城建筑工地繁重的体力劳动而逃离，故用escape“逃跑；逃脱”。
4. 答案
C
解析
man和call为动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，表示“被叫做……”。
5. 答案
A
解析
he ran into Meng Jiangnü ....是定语从句，修饰先行词garden，先行词在定语从句里作地点状语，故用where。
6. 答案
B
解析
由right after the wedding, Fan Xiliang was taken away to build the Great Wall ....可知“婚后立即被带去修建长城”与前文的结婚构成转折，因此用But。
7. 答案
D
解析
根据第二段第二句可知。范喜良曾经在长城工地，现在“再次”被带回去，因此用again。
8. 答案
B
解析
由下句孟姜女去长城寻夫可知，范喜良还是没有回来。return“返回”。
9. 答案
B
解析
根据Winter came可知，冬天来了，她给他做棉衣(warm clothes)来御寒。
10. 答案
A
解析
她做完棉衣并去长城送给丈夫，所以此处应该是“到达”建筑工地，因此用reach。B项应该加介词to，C项需要介词at。
11. 答案
C
解析
根据下文有人告诉她说范喜良死了可知她哪儿都找不到丈夫，故用nowhere。
12. 答案
D
解析
根据“his body was built into the Great Wall”可知她丈夫“死”了，故用D。如选B应该用被动形式。
13. 答案
B
解析
根据“Her sorrow was so deep that ....”以及生活常识可知，丈夫去世自然会使妻子悲痛欲绝，因此用cried合适。
14. 答案
D
解析
由下文exposed the bones and bodies of many ....(露出了尸骨)可知她非常悲痛，以至于把长城“哭倒”，故break down“崩塌”符合语境。
15. 答案
A
解析
联系上文his body was built into the Great Wall 以及此处exposed the bones and bodies of ....可知，应是“死人”的尸骨，故用dead符合语境。
16. 答案
C
解析
此处指孟姜女割破手指让血滴在死尸上面直到血流进一具尸骨里，表明那就是丈夫的尸体。until引导时间状语从句，表示“直到……”。
17. 答案
A
