【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
1．beyond prep.超出；在……之外
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Everybody was touched beyond words after they heard her moving story.(2009·宁夏海南，34)
每个人听说了她的感人故事后都感动得说不出话来。活学活用
(1)The car was ________________ and ran into a tree.
汽车失去了控制，撞到了一棵树上。
(2)Her beauty is ________________.
她美得无法形容。
(3)I’m sorry I didn’t phone you，but I’ve been very busy ________ the past couple of weeks.(2011·山东，30)
A．beyond
B．withC．among
D．over2．dozen n．一打，十二个；十几个，十来个；许多，好多
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与具体的数字或a，many，several等词连用时，结构为num.(a，many，several)＋dozen＋(复数) n．；
num.＋dozen＋of＋these/those/the/one’s＋(复数)n.。
dozens of表示不限定量，不与具体的数字连用。
in dozens一打打地
by the dozen按打计算活学活用
(1)There are now more than __________ resorts.
目前有十几家度假村。
(2)I want ______________ these eggs.
我要五打这种鸡蛋。
(3)The eggs here are sold ______________.
这儿鸡蛋按打销售。
(4)I bought________ books from the bookstore.
A．two dozen
B．two dozens
C．two dozen of
D．two dozens of3．increase vt.&vi.增加，使增加；n.增加
____________ adj.不断增加的；逐渐增多的
____________ adv.越来越；逐渐地
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Since Beijing’s first ski resort was opened ten years ago，the sport has enjoyed an astonishing increase.(2010·全国，阅读理解C)
自从北京在十年前开放第一个滑雪胜地以来，这项运动已经得到了惊人的发展。活学活用
(1)Gradually __________ the temperature ________ boiling point.
逐渐把温度增加到沸点。
(2)There were 39,000 new cases last year—________________ 7 per cent compared to the year before.
去年新发生案件39 000起，比往年增加7%。
(3)It has been estimated that the earth’s surface temperature has increased ________ one to three degrees since 1850.(2011·黄山调研)
A．to
B．byC．atD．with
4.annoy vt.使……不悦；惹恼
__________ adj.恼怒的
__________
adj.使生气的
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be annoyed
活学活用
(1)The teacher ______________________ him for his naughtiness.他的顽皮使老师生气。
(2)—Why do you look so angry?
—My son’s behavior in school greatly ______ me.
A．punished
B．damagedC．annoyed
D．disturbed5．cause n．[C]原因，起因；目标；事业；[U]理由，根据；vt.导致，使发生；引起
(1)It rained heavily in the south，causing serious flooding in several provinces.(2010·天津，12)
南方天降大雨，导致许多省份出现了严重的水灾。
(2)Do you know what caused the fire?
你知道是什么引起了这场火灾吗？
(3)There is no cause for anxiety.
没有焦虑的理由。活学活用
(1)用cause，reason，excuse填空
Laziness is the ________ of our failure and we shouldn’t try to find any __________ and now we have every __________ to work harder.
(2)According to the recent research，heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily________ and effect.(2011·铜陵模拟)
A．reason
B．impactC．fact
D．cause6．dismiss v．开除，解雇；解散，打发走；消除；放弃；不理
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John was dismissed last week because of his casual attitude towards his job.约翰上周被解雇是因为他对他的工作漫不经心的态度。活学活用
(1)People used to ________ vegetarians ________ strangers/strange.
人们过去通常把素食主义者当作怪人而不予考虑。
(2)She ______________ from her mind.
她摆脱了对他的思念。
(3)The worker was dismissed ________ laziness/being lazy.
A．for
B．fromC．because
D．on
7．speed up加速；加快
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And it may even speed up while in the process.
而在过程中，它甚至可能加速。活学活用
(1)The police car is running ______________ 100 miles per hour to chase after the truck ahead of it.警车以每小时一百英里的速度追赶前面那辆卡车。
(2)We must ________________ (加快步伐)of our economic reform.
(3)They are broadening the bridge to ________ the flow of traffic.(2011·山东，25)
A．put off
B．speed upC．turn on
D．work out
8.wash away冲掉；冲走；消除……的影响
归纳拓展
Wash down the walls before painting them.
先把墙冲洗后再粉刷。活学活用
(1)________ this dress ________ well?
这件连衣裙很好洗吗？
(2)We all washed ________ after dinner.(2010·岳阳模拟)
A．down
B．upC．away
D．out9．in the hope that...怀着……的希望
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in the hope/hopes of...希望……
hope for...希望……
without/beyond any hope (of)．..毫无……的希望(可能)
There is much of hope that...大有……的希望(可能)
She went there in the hope that she could find a good job.
她抱着找到一个好工作的希望去了那儿。活学活用
(1)句型转换
He takes computer classes ________________ he can find a different job.
He takes computer classes ________________________ finding a different job.
⇒He takes computer classes，________ that he can find a different job.
他上电脑课，希望能找到一份不同的工作。
(2)He asked her again________ he could persuade her to come.
A．in the hope that
B．in hope of
C．in the hope of
D．in hope that10．take notice of注意，注意到，关注
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take account of考虑到，顾及
take pride in为……而骄傲
take hold of抓住，握住
take possession of占有，拥有
take advantage of利用
take...for example以……为例
take...for granted认为……理所当然
take responsibility for对……负起责任活学活用
(1)The company ______________________ environmental issues wherever possible.只要有可能，这家公司总是尽量考虑到环境问题。
(2)I took ____________________ you knew the fact.
我理所当然地认为你知道事实。
(3)Let’s ________ human cloning ______________.
咱们以克隆人类为例。
(4)I kept complaining，but nobody took________.
A．noticeB．noticesC．notice of
D．notices of11．make up for弥补，补偿
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Finally，over many years，the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the forest loss.(2009·四川，阅读理解E)
几年后，燃烧乙醇带来的利益将会弥补森林的损失。活学活用
(1)The beautiful autumn ________ for the wet summer.
美丽的秋季抵消了多雨的夏季这一缺点。
(2)Nothing can ______________ the lost time.
没有什么能弥补丢失了的时间。
(3)How can I ________ the way I’ve treated you？(2011·宣城调研)
A．make up for
B．make forC．make out
D．make up
12.under repair在修理中
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(1)The stadium is still under repair and hopefully it will be completed by the end of the year.
体育馆正在修建中，有望在年底前完工。
(2)Several new railways are under construction in China.
在中国有好几条铁路正在修建中。
(3)The possibility of replacing the computers remains under consideration.
更换电脑的可能性仍在考虑之中。
(4)The plans have been under discussion for a year now, but no decision has been reached.
那些计划讨论了一年了， 还是没有结果。活学活用
(1)The fire ______________________________ for half hour when they got there.
他们到达时，火势已被控制住半个小时了。
(2)The firefighters soon got the fire in the building ________.
A．under attackB．under control
C．under constructionD．under study
(3)A new road is________here.They hope to finish it next month.
A．under way
B．under control
C．under repair
D．under construction
(4)The eleventh typhoon Matsa made many cities in Japan________.
A．under consideration
B．under repair
C．under attack
D．under control13．So why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today?
译文：______________________________________________________________________
句式提取：...why not...?
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(1)why not有三重含义：①表示对否定陈述的回答“为什么不；为什么是那样？”；②表示建议“为什么不干……呢？做……如何？”；③表示同意“当然可以，好啊”。why not跟不带to的动词不定式，用来提出建议，表示“为什么不……”，即Why not do...？＝Why don’t/won’t you do...?
(2)Why do...？用来提出批评，表明做某事是愚蠢的或无意义的。
(3)Why so？为什么那样？
Why is it that...？……是因为什么？ 活学活用
(1)______________ join us for the experience of a lifetime?
那么为什么不和我们一起享受这个终身难得的经历呢？
(2)—Let’s go to see the movie.
—________________？
——我们去看电影吧。
——好啊。
(3)Now that you are free，________ go to the cinema with me？(2011·常德月考)
A．why don’t
B．why not toC．why do you
D．why not
(4)—We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party.
—Yes，________？I’ll give them a call right now.(2011·新课标全国卷，21)
A．why not
B．what forC．why D．what
1．活学活用
(1)beyond control (2)beyond expression
(3)D [句意为：很抱歉没有给你打电话，因为在过去的几个星期里我一直很忙。根据句意选over“在……期间”，后跟一段时间。beyond超出；among在……之间，多用于指作为一个整体的人或事物，一般不与表示时间的词连用。with与busy连用可构成be busy with sth.“忙于某事”，但其中sth.一般不是表示时间的名词或短语。故选D项。]
2．活学活用
(1)a dozen (2)five dozen of
(3)by the dozen
(4)A [dozen与具体数字连用时，其后直接加名词复数。]
3．increasing；increasingly
活学活用
(1)increase；to (2)an increase of (3)B
4．annoyed；annoying
活学活用
(1)was annoyed with
(2)C [此处应是“儿子在学校的表现使我烦恼”。]
5．活学活用
(1)cause；excuse；reason
cause，reason，excuse
(1)cause指造成某种现象的原因。
(2)reason指某一行为或动作的理由。
(3)excuse侧重“托辞，借口”。
(2)D [cause and effect因果，习惯用法。]
6．活学活用
(1)dismiss；as (2)dismissed him
(3)A [句意为：这个工人因为太懒而被解雇了。be dismissed for因……而被解雇。]
7．活学活用
(1)at a speed of (2)speed up the pace
(3)B [句意为：他们正拓宽桥面来加快车流速度。put off推迟，推延；speed up加快速度；turn on打开，接通；取决于；work out算出；弄懂；产生结果。由题干中的关键信息broadening和the flow of traffic可知此处填speed up“加快速度”。]
8．活学活用
(1)Does；wash
(2)B [句意为：饭后我们大家一起洗碗。wash up洗刷用过的餐具，符合句意。]
9．活学活用
(1)in the hope that；in the hope of/in hopes of hoping
(2)A [由于后面是句子，所以应用in the hope that...希望……。]
10．活学活用
(1)takes account of (2)it for granted that
(3)take；for example
(4)A [句意为：我老是抱怨，但没人注意。由于后面没有宾语，因此应去掉of。]
11．活学活用
(1)made up (2)make up for
(3)A [句意为：我这样对你，我怎样才能弥补呢？make up for“(用其他方式对损失、过失的)弥补”，符合句意。make up补齐(所损失的)；make for向……移动；促成；make out辨清；理解。]
12．活学活用
(1)had been under control
(2)B [句意为：消防队员迅速将大楼内的火势控制(control)住了。]
(3)D [由第二句话“他们希望下个月完成”知“路在建设中”，故D项正确。]
(4)C [句意为：第11号台风麦莎使得日本的很多城市遭到袭击。]
13．所以，今天为什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地铁观赏一番呢？
活学活用
(1)So why not (2)Why not
(3)D [句意为：既然你没什么事做，为什么不跟我一起去看电影呢？提出建议应用“Why don’t you do sth.？”或“Why not do sth.？”。]
(4)A [句意为：——我们可以邀请约翰和芭芭拉来参加星期五晚上的聚会。——好的，为什么不邀请呢？我现在就给他们打电话。why not为什么不；what for为了什么，为何目的；why为什么；what是什么。根据语境，应选A项。]
