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Module 1 British and American English
【美文阅读】
我们都知道美国和英国都说英语，但你知道英国英语和美国英语到底有什么区别吗？下面让我们来看究竟吧……
American and British English
American and British English spelling differences are one aspect of American and British
English differences.
In the early 18th century，English spelling was not standardized.Differences became noticeable(明显的，显著的) after the publishing of influential dictionaries.Current British English spellings follow，for the most part，those of Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language (1755)．Many of the now characteristic American English spellings were introduced，although not，for the most part，created，by Noah Webster in his American Dictionary of the English Language of 1828.
Webster was a strong proponent of spelling reform for reasons both philological and nationalistic.Many spelling changes proposed in the US by Webster himself，and in the early 20th century by the Simplified Spelling Board，never caught on.Among the advocates of
spelling reform in England，the influences of those who preferred the Norman (or AngloFrench) spellings of certain words proved decisive.Subsequent spelling adjustments in the UK had little effect on presentday US spelling，and vice versa(反的)．While in many cases American English deviated(偏离；脱离) in the 19th century from mainstream British spelling，on the other hand it has also often retained older forms.
The spelling systems of Commonwealth countries，for the most part，closely resemble the British system.In Canada，however，while most spelling is “British”，many “American” spellings are also used.Additional information on Canadian and Australian spelling is provided throughout the article.
【诱思导学】
1．What does this passage mainly tell us?
【答案】 This passage mainly tells us American and British English spelling differences.
2．What influenced current British English spelling?
【答案】 Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language (1755)．
3．Did later spelling adjustments in the UK have influence on presentday words?
【答案】 No.
Period ⅠPreviewing
(教师用书独具)
●课标技能要求
初步掌握本课文中的词汇，浅层次理解课文，了解相关的背景知识。
●教学目标
本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，对下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。
●教学地位
本课是新高二的第一课，上好这一课至关重要，会给学生留下非常深刻的印象。刚刚进入高二，学生对语言的学习已经有了初步的积累。通过本节的教学，让学生了解“英式英语和美式英语”的异同，为语言的学习增加更多的感性材料。进一步确定高中英语怎样学，学习方法上做些什么样的调整等。所以，上好本堂课会让学生对语言学习产生更深一步的认识。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
Step 2.Leadin
1．Do you like travelling?
Have you ever been to the other countries?
What do you know about Britain/American?
利用多媒体播放VCD或DVD介绍美国人和英国人所说的英语，请同学们注意其中的异同。
(Ask students to speak out as many as they can.)
2．What's the difference between the UK and the USA？(The teacher can show the students some pictures.)
(Ask the students to write down the differences and check with their partner.)
Step 2.Warmingup (Introduction)
1．Read two English letters and decide which is written by an American.
2．Comprehend quotations about the differences.
Step 3.Fast reading
1．Help students to grasp the main idea of the text by doing the task.
2．Read the titles and the first sentences of each paragraph and find four ways in which British and American English are different.
……
……
●教学流程设计
导入新课。→学生阅读“美文阅读”与“诱思导学”(见学案第1页)。→→→→→学生共同讨论，并让学生发表各自见解，最后统一答案。→→老师指导学生讨论，共同找出答案。→让学生完成“知识初探”部分(见学案第2页)。→学生讨论，并让学生代表发表他们讨论得出的答案。老师予以更正。→让学生根据所给出的表格进行自我评估(见学案第2页)。→老师布置作业，让学生看课本第1页并完成课本第2页1、2题和第3页3、4、5题，预习学案Period Ⅱ(见学案第3～7页)，列举出英式英语和美式英语的异同。
(对应学生用书第1页)
Ⅰ.篇章结构
阅读文章，然后完成下面表格(每空不超过3个词)
Items American English British English
Vocabulary automobile，1.
，gas，subway，cab car，motorway，petrol，underground，2.
Grammar 3.
...？ Have you got...？
My friend 4.
My friend has just arrived.
on the team，on the weekend；5.
！ in the team，6.
；Write to me soon！
Items American English British English
Spelling 7.
color，program centre，colour，8.
Pronunciation There is as much 9.
of pronunciation within the two countries as between them.
The development of English Some experts believe that the two varieties are moving 10.
.
【答案】 1.freeway 2.taxi 3.Do you have 4.just arrived 5.Write me soon 6.at the weekend 7.center 8.programme 9.variation 10.closer
Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P2－3的Reading部分，从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案
1．The first and most obvious way about the differences between British and American English is
A．in spelling and pronunciation
B．only in grammar
C．of course in the vocabulary
2．“Two nations divided by a common language”implies
A．people from the two nations can't understand each other
B．the author of the phrase thought about the differences when he wrote the sentence
C．the two nations are completely different in speaking the common language
3．If you turn on CNN，you will find newsreaders and weather forecasters all speaking with
.
A．different accents
B．three accents of different countries
C．only American and Spanish accents
4．Webster is bestknown for
.
A．his improving American written English
B．his American Dictionary of the English Language first published in 1828
C．his dictionary is still the number one dictionary for all the students all over the world
5．According to the passage，we know British and American English are different in
.
A．only two ways：vocabulary and pronunciation
B．the vocabulary，grammar，spelling and pronunciation
C．almost no ways
【答案】 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B
Ⅲ.课文缩写
用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成课文缩写
think about；vocabulary；accents；with a different meaning；made the remark；divided by；because of；communication；in many ways；pronunciation
British and American English are different
1
.The first and most obvious way is in the
2
.Hundreds of words，part of which are not so wellknown ，are not used or used
3
.Grammar and prepositions are another two areas besides spelling and
4
.American spelling seems simpler.When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw
5
that the British English and the Americans are two nations
6
a common language，he was obviously
7
the differences.But it is doubtful whether these differences are so important.Some experts believe British and American English are moving closer
8
the nonstop
9
between them.On the other hand，English is being spoken with different
10
.However，no matter how many “Englishes” there will be，the users of English will all be able to understand each other.
【答案】 1.in many ways 2.vocabulary 3.with a different meaning 4.pronunciation 5.made the remark 6.divided by 7.think about 8.because of 9.communication 10.accents
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．accent A．to form or join a line of people
2．obvious
B．in a steady manner
3．queue
C．unclear and difficult to understand
4．confusing
D．easy to notice or understand.
5．compare
E．a way of pronouncing the words of a language that shows which country or area a person comes from
6．omit
F．to be different from something in some way
7．differ
G．to examine or judge two or more things in order to show how they are similar to or different from each other
8．steadily
H．to leave undone or leave out
【答案】 1.E 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.G 6.H 7.F 8.B
Ⅱ.短语填空
have difficulty (in) doing sth.；be similar to；lead to；have something in common；queue up；compare sth.with sth.；make a difference；get around
1．
your answers
those at the back of the book to see if they are right.
2．Whenever I
anything，I will ask my father for advice.
3．The sea air has
her health.
4．Hard work and dedication
success.
5．Although Hester and Camilla are women in different eras，they
.
6．We should
in public place.
【答案】 1.Compare，with 2.have difficulty in doing 3.made a difference to 4.lead to 5.have something in common 6.queue up
Ⅲ.句型背诵
1．America and England are two countries divided by a common language.
美国和英国是两个被共同语言分开的国家。
2．You will prefer to get around the town by taxi (British) or cab (American)．
你愿意乘taxi(英式)或是cab(美式)游览城市。
3．Americans use a flashlight，while for the British，it's a torch.
美国人把手电简称为“flashlight”，而英国人却叫它“torch”。
4．Users of English will all be able to understand each other—wherever they are.
说英语的人无论在哪里都能够彼此了解。
5．But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English，so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.
但它也导致了大量的美语单词和结构进入英语中，以至于现在许多人认为英式英语将会消失。
Period Ⅱ Introduction & Reading and Speaking
(教师用书独具)
●课标技能要求
重点词汇的理解与应用。
●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。
(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。
(3)通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练的运用这些词汇。
(4)通过对本课文的理解，让学生学会用一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时和表示将来用法的句子和段落完成有关语言的区别表达，提高学生的书面表达能力。
●教学地位
单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以准确理解和正确运用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。
(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
Have you heard of BBC? Have you heard of VOA?
What are the differences between BBC and VOA? (通过学生非常熟悉的两档英语节目发问，引出本课的主题——英式英语与美式英语的差异。)
●教学流程设计
导入新课。→老师检查上堂课所布置的作业，检查学生对学案预习的情况。→→→→→让学生完成“自我评估”(见学案第7页)。→布置作业。让学生完成课本第4页第1、2题，“课时作业”(见学案第95页)和预习Period Ⅲ(见学案第7～11页)。
(对应学生用书第3页)
1．have...in common with和……有相同之处
We have really everything in common with America nowadays，except of course，language.(教材P1) 现在我们真的在各个方面与美国都差不多，当然，语言除外。
I have nothing in common with Jane.
我和简毫无共同之处。
We had all things in common in those days.
那时我们共同分享一切东西。
have much/a lot/ something/ everything /nothing(little)in common(with)有很多/一些/所有/几乎没有共同之处
common practice惯例
common sense常识
in common共同的，共同享有的，共同使用的
in common with和……一样；有共同之处
out of (the) common不寻常的，特殊的
In common with many other countries.Our country has experienced major changes over the last 30 years.
与许多别的国家一样，我国在过去的30年里经历了重大变化。
He had noticed nothing out of the common.
他没有发现异乎寻常的事。
common/ordinary/general/usual
common 意为“常见的，不足为奇的”，强调出现的次数频繁或范围广泛。common 还可表示“共同的，共有的”。 用于 in common (with)，意为“(与……)有共同之处，共用”。
ordinary 意为“普通的，平凡的”，强调合乎常规、并不特殊。in ordinary dress 穿便服；an ordinary working day 一个普通工作日；用于 out of the ordinary，意为“不平常，非凡”。
general 意为“一般的，全体的，总(括)的”等。用于 in general，意为“总的说来，通常”等。
usual 意为“平素的，惯常的，通常的”，指经常出现而不变。用于 than usual (比平常) 和 as usual(像往常一样)。
This kind of birds is common in the countryside.
这种鸟在郊区很常见。
His ordinary supper consists of only bread and milk.
他通常的晚餐不过是面包和牛奶。
This book is intended for the general reader，not for the specialist.
这本书是为一般读者写的，不是为专家写的。
As usual，he arrived early and started to work.
像往常一样，他很早就到了，并开始工作。
用common/ordinary/general/usual填空
①Such a long delay is out of the
.
②We will meet at the
time.
③It's a mistake quite
among students.
④Children in
are fond of candy.
【答案】 ①ordinary ②usual ③common ④general
