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语法系列训练情态动词和虚拟语气
1. —How about paying a visit to Mr. Richardson, our former history teacher?
—Good idea. I will e-mail him today so he ___ know ___ to expect us.
A. may, when
B. would, why
C. will, how
D. shall, why
2. When he was there, he ____ go to that coffee shop at he street corner after work every day.
A. would
B. should
C. had better
D. might
3. —___John come here tonight?
—I’m not sure, but he ______ stay at home.
A. May, might
B. Can, must
C. Must, might
D. Can, migh
4. You
scold such a pupil who always keeps silent so seriously that
you
hurt him
A．should; can B．may; will C．mustn’t ; may D．can’t must
5. —I don’t think you should use the dictionary while reading newspapers.
—
, but I can’t do without it.
A．No, I should
B．Yes, I shouldn’t
C．No, I shouldn’t
D．Yes, I should
6. —Dad, would you buy me an MP3 player if I do well in the final exam?
—I
, I promise.
A．would B．shall C．should D．will
7. —Is there a fog in the evening ?
—There
be . I’ll make a phone call to find it out .
A．must
B．would C．will D．might
8. —Why didn’t you put your cellphone in your overcoat pocket?
—I
, but I was afraid it would be stolen.
A．had put B．put C．would have
D．could have
9. －You must say sorry to Mary, Jack.
－Why ________ I say sorry to her? It’s her who hurt me first.
A．should
B．would C．could D．might
10. —Has your father got up?
—Sorry, I’m not sure. He __________ got up. Please go and see for yourself.
A．must have B．can’t have C．would have D．might have
11. —Why aren’t they here yet?
—They
the bus.
A．can have missed
B．must be late for
C．may have missed
D．might be late for
12. —Where ____ Margaret have put the empty bottles?
—She ______ them away. They must be somewhere.
A．can; can’t have thrown B．must; needn’t
C．must; must have thrown D．can; must throw
13. —We need a person badly to think up such an idea .
—
the new comer have a try ?
A．Shall
B．May
C．Should
D．Need
14. I’d rather you did some housework when you are free ,but you
A．didn’t B．shouldn’t
C．weren’t
D．don’t
15. The door
. Better have it repaired .
A．isn’t shut
B．hasn’t been shut
C．won’t be shut
D．won’t shut
16. —What’s the matter with you ?
—Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach . I
so much fried fish just now .
A．shouldn’t eat
B．mustn’t have eaten
C．shouldn’t have eaten
D．mustn’t eat
17. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I
in love , at the age of seven , with the library in my hometown .
A．wouldn’t have fallen
B．should not fall
C．had not fallen
D．were not to fall
18.—What caused the accident?
—It was my fault, sir. I _____ to the left.
A. ought not to have turned
B. needn’t have turned
C. shouldn’t turn
D. couldn’t turn
19. —Did you meet with the famous space hero , Yang Liwei ?
—
I had come here earlier !
A．If only
B．If not
C．But for
D．For fea
20. My demand is that the information referred to in my report _____ to Mr. Brown without delay.
A．to be e-mailed B．e-mailed C．be e-mailed D．being e-mailed
21.—Would you like to work in my company?
—Sorry, I’d rather ____ here, but I’d
rather my brother _____ to your company.
A. staying, goes
B. to stay, to go
C. stay, went
D. to stay, goes
22. I supported him in time , otherwise he
off the bike .
A．might fall
B．would fall
C．should have fallen
D．would have fallen
23.—You ____ have set aside more time to play with our kids.
—I wish I ______, but you know how busy I was.
A. should, would
B. could, did
C. might, should
D. should, had
24． If he ___ that he ____ to work there, everything would be OK now.
A. insisted, be sent
B. insisted, was sent
C. had insisted, be sent
D. had insisted, was sent
25．—Without your help, we _____ this task on time.
—My pleasure.
A. don’t finish
B. will not finish
C. didn’t finish
D. would not have finished
【答案与解析】
1. A
may用在so、so that、in order that后常表目的。“我”给他发封 e-mail，这样他就可以知道什么时候接我们了。故选A。
2. A
would可用来表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作，当他在那儿时，他每天下班后都经常到街道拐角处的咖啡店。故选A。
3. D
can、 may、might都可用来表达可能性，但may、might不用于疑问句，且might表示成为现实的可能性更小。由I’m not sure可知第二空应用might。故选D。
4. C
mustn’t表不准禁止之意；may表推测可能性。故选C。
5. C
对于否定式疑问句或前否定后肯定的反意疑问句的回答，应根据实际情况作答。若是肯定的事实，用yes，若是否定的事实，应用no。此题中的后者也认为不应该用字典。故选C。
6. D
will可用来表达意愿，本句的语义环境为：如你考得好，我会愿意给你买部MP3的。故选D。
7. D
由I’ll make a phone call to find it out 可知，答话人并不肯定。故选D。
8. C
由语义环境可知，答话人本来想把手机放在大衣口袋里，但害怕被偷，所以未放。would have done表示本想做某事，但未做。故选C。
9. A
答话人对要求他向Mary道歉表示不满。“为什么应该是我向她道歉？”是她先伤害的我。故选A。
10. D
must have done一定做过某事，用于肯定句中，疑问句否定句中用can或could来代替，表示对过去事实比较肯定的猜测。might have done可能做了某事，用于肯定句和否定句中，表示对过去事实不太肯定的猜测。由I’m not sure可知并不肯定，故选D。
11. C
他们未何还未到？可能是未赶上汽车。表示对过去事实的猜测。故选C。
12. A
本题考查情态动词+have done表示对过去事实的推测的用法。must have done用于肯定句中，疑问句否定句中应用can could代替must。故选A。
13. A
shall用于第一三人称的疑问句中，表示征询对方许可或提出建议。故选C 。
14. D
由I’d rather you did some housework可知这是对现在事实的虚拟，表示与现在事实相反。故选 D。
15. D
表示意愿，既可用人作主语，亦可用物作主语，本句句意为“门关不上，你最好找人修一下。” 故选D。
16. C
本句语言环境为“我胃痛，刚才本来不应该吃那么多炸鱼”。shouldn’t have done本来不该做某事，而事实上做了。故选C。
17. C
本题考查虚拟语气在含有if从句的复合句中的用法。主句表示与现在事实相反，用would do，从句与过去事实相反，用had done。故选C。
18. A
本题的语意环境为：是我导致了这场事故，我本不该向左拐。ought not have done=shouldn’t have done本不该做某事；needn’t have done：本来没有必要做某事而做了。故选A。
19. A
If only：要是……该多好啊，用以表示对现在或未来的愿望，结构为：If only+S+did/情态动词+v；亦可表示与过去事实相反的愿望，结构为If only+S+had done；我未见到航天英雄杨利伟，要是我早点来该多好啊！“未见到”是过去的事情。故选A。
20. C
本题考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。在demandrequirerequestorder等动词引导的宾语从句中及相应名词所引导的名词性从句中，应用should+v, should可以省略，故选C。
21. C
本题考查would rather的用法。would rather后可直接动词原形，但若跟从句，则应用虚拟语气。若与现在事实或将来愿望相反，从句中动词应用过去式；若与过去事实相反，则应用had done。由句意知，二人是对现在的工作进行讨论。故选C。
22. D
otherwise 否则，相当于if not。本句可改为： if I hadn’t supported him in time, he ___off the bike。显然，这是与过去事实相反，主句应用would/could…+have done。故选D。
23. D
本题考查虚拟语气在wish从句中的用法。（与第6题would rather的用法相同。）由句中should have set aside及how busy I was可知，该句表示与过去事实相反。故选D。
24. C
本题考查虚拟语气在insist从句中的用法。若insist表示“坚持要求做事”从句中应用should+v, should可省略；若insist表示“坚持说，坚持认为”则从句需根据句意选择合适的时态。本句句意为：如果他坚持要求被派往那儿的话，现在一切都好了。事实上并非如此。故选C。
25. D
without, but for;要没有…，相当于if从句。本句可改为if you hadn’t
helped us, we______ this task on time。这是与过去事实相反的句子。选D
语法系列训练情态动词和虚拟语气
1. —How about paying a visit to Mr. Richardson, our former history teacher?
—Good idea. I will e-mail him today so he ___ know ___ to expect us.
A. may, when
B. would, why
C. will, how
D. shall, why
2. When he was there, he ____ go to that coffee shop at he street corner after work every day.
A. would
B. should
C. had better
D. might
3. —___John come here tonight?
—I’m not sure, but he ______ stay at home.
A. May, might
B. Can, must
C. Must, might
D. Can, migh
4. You
scold such a pupil who always keeps silent so seriously that
you
hurt him
A．should; can B．may; will C．mustn’t ; may D．can’t must
5. —I don’t think you should use the dictionary while reading newspapers.
—
, but I can’t do without it.
A．No, I should
B．Yes, I shouldn’t
C．No, I shouldn’t
D．Yes, I should
6. —Dad, would you buy me an MP3 player if I do well in the final exam?
—I
, I promise.
A．would B．shall C．should D．will
7. —Is there a fog in the evening ?
—There
be . I’ll make a phone call to find it out .
A．must
B．would C．will D．might
8. —Why didn’t you put your cellphone in your overcoat pocket?
—I
, but I was afraid it would be stolen.
A．had put B．put C．would have
D．could have
9. －You must say sorry to Mary, Jack.
－Why ________ I say sorry to her? It’s her who hurt me first.
A．should
B．would C．could D．might
10. —Has your father got up?
—Sorry, I’m not sure. He __________ got up. Please go and see for yourself.
A．must have B．can’t have C．would have D．might have
11. —Why aren’t they here yet?
—They
the bus.
A．can have missed
B．must be late for
C．may have missed
D．might be late for
12. —Where ____ Margaret have put the empty bottles?
—She ______ them away. They must be somewhere.
A．can; can’t have thrown B．must; needn’t
C．must; must have thrown D．can; must throw
13. —We need a person badly to think up such an idea .
—
the new comer have a try ?
A．Shall
B．May
C．Should
D．Need
14. I’d rather you did some housework when you are free ,but you
A．didn’t B．shouldn’t
C．weren’t
D．don’t
15. The door
. Better have it repaired .
A．isn’t shut
B．hasn’t been shut
C．won’t be shut
D．won’t shut
16. —What’s the matter with you ?
—Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach . I
so much fried fish just now .
A．shouldn’t eat
B．mustn’t have eaten
C．shouldn’t have eaten
D．mustn’t eat
17. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I
in love , at the age of seven , with the library in my hometown .
A．wouldn’t have fallen
B．should not fall
C．had not fallen
D．were not to fall
18.—What caused the accident?
—It was my fault, sir. I _____ to the left.
A. ought not to have turned
B. needn’t have turned
C. shouldn’t turn
D. couldn’t turn
19. —Did you meet with the famous space hero , Yang Liwei ?
—
I had come here earlier !
A．If only
B．If not
C．But for
D．For fea
20. My demand is that the information referred to in my report _____ to Mr. Brown without delay.
A．to be e-mailed B．e-mailed C．be e-mailed D．being e-mailed
21.—Would you like to work in my company?
—Sorry, I’d rather ____ here, but I’d
rather my brother _____ to your company.
A. staying, goes
B. to stay, to go
C. stay, went
D. to stay, goes
22. I supported him in time , otherwise he
off the bike .
A．might fall
B．would fall
C．should have fallen
D．would have fallen
23.—You ____ have set aside more time to play with our kids.
—I wish I ______, but you know how busy I was.
A. should, would
B. could, did
C. might, should
D. should, had
24． If he ___ that he ____ to work there, everything would be OK now.
A. insisted, be sent
B. insisted, was sent
C. had insisted, be sent
D. had insisted, was sent
25．—Without your help, we _____ this task on time.
—My pleasure.
A. don’t finish
B. will not finish
C. didn’t finish
D. would not have finished
【答案与解析】
1. A
may用在so、so that、in order that后常表目的。“我”给他发封 e-mail，这样他就可以知道什么时候接我们了。故选A。
2. A
would可用来表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作，当他在那儿时，他每天下班后都经常到街道拐角处的咖啡店。故选A。
3. D
can、 may、might都可用来表达可能性，但may、might不用于疑问句，且might表示成为现实的可能性更小。由I’m not sure可知第二空应用might。故选D。
4. C
mustn’t表不准禁止之意；may表推测可能性。故选C。
5. C
对于否定式疑问句或前否定后肯定的反意疑问句的回答，应根据实际情况作答。若是肯定的事实，用yes，若是否定的事实，应用no。此题中的后者也认为不应该用字典。故选C。
6. D
will可用来表达意愿，本句的语义环境为：如你考得好，我会愿意给你买部MP3的。故选D。
7. D
由I’ll make a phone call to find it out 可知，答话人并不肯定。故选D。
8. C
由语义环境可知，答话人本来想把手机放在大衣口袋里，但害怕被偷，所以未放。would have done表示本想做某事，但未做。故选C。
9. A
答话人对要求他向Mary道歉表示不满。“为什么应该是我向她道歉？”是她先伤害的我。故选A。
10. D
must have done一定做过某事，用于肯定句中，疑问句否定句中用can或could来代替，表示对过去事实比较肯定的猜测。might have done可能做了某事，用于肯定句和否定句中，表示对过去事实不太肯定的猜测。由I’m not sure可知并不肯定，故选D。
11. C
他们未何还未到？可能是未赶上汽车。表示对过去事实的猜测。故选C。
12. A
本题考查情态动词+have done表示对过去事实的推测的用法。must have done用于肯定句中，疑问句否定句中应用can could代替must。故选A。
13. A
shall用于第一三人称的疑问句中，表示征询对方许可或提出建议。故选C 。
14. D
由I’d rather you did some housework可知这是对现在事实的虚拟，表示与现在事实相反。故选 D。
15. D
表示意愿，既可用人作主语，亦可用物作主语，本句句意为“门关不上，你最好找人修一下。” 故选D。
16. C
本句语言环境为“我胃痛，刚才本来不应该吃那么多炸鱼”。shouldn’t have done本来不该做某事，而事实上做了。故选C。
17. C
本题考查虚拟语气在含有if从句的复合句中的用法。主句表示与现在事实相反，用would do，从句与过去事实相反，用had done。故选C。
18. A
本题的语意环境为：是我导致了这场事故，我本不该向左拐。ought not have done=shouldn’t have done本不该做某事；needn’t have done：本来没有必要做某事而做了。故选A。
19. A
If only：要是……该多好啊，用以表示对现在或未来的愿望，结构为：If only+S+did/情态动词+v；亦可表示与过去事实相反的愿望，结构为If only+S+had done；我未见到航天英雄杨利伟，要是我早点来该多好啊！“未见到”是过去的事情。故选A。
20. C
本题考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。在demandrequirerequestorder等动词引导的宾语从句中及相应名词所引导的名词性从句中，应用should+v, should可以省略，故选C。
21. C
本题考查would rather的用法。would rather后可直接动词原形，但若跟从句，则应用虚拟语气。若与现在事实或将来愿望相反，从句中动词应用过去式；若与过去事实相反，则应用had done。由句意知，二人是对现在的工作进行讨论。故选C。
22. D
otherwise 否则，相当于if not。本句可改为： if I hadn’t supported him in time, he ___off the bike。显然，这是与过去事实相反，主句应用would/could…+have done。故选D。
23. D
本题考查虚拟语气在wish从句中的用法。（与第6题would rather的用法相同。）由句中should have set aside及how busy I was可知，该句表示与过去事实相反。故选D。
24. C
本题考查虚拟语气在insist从句中的用法。若insist表示“坚持要求做事”从句中应用should+v, should可省略；若insist表示“坚持说，坚持认为”则从句需根据句意选择合适的时态。本句句意为：如果他坚持要求被派往那儿的话，现在一切都好了。事实上并非如此。故选C。
25. D
without, but for;要没有…，相当于if从句。本句可改为if you hadn’t
helped us, we______ this task on time。这是与过去事实相反的句子。选D
