【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
Ⅰ.词汇知识
1．____________adj.平等的，相等的→____________adv.相等地，同样地
2．____________n．重要，重要性→____________adj.重要的→____________(反义词)不重要的
3．____________n．哲学→____________n．哲学家
4．____________n．(常作复数)教导；学说→____________vt.教
5．____________n．秩序→____________adj.有秩序的，整齐的
6．____________vt.强调→____________adj.紧张的
7．____________vi.辞职，委托→____________n.
8．____________adj.有影响的→____________n．影响力
答案：1.equal；equally 2.importance；important；unimportant 3.philosophy；philosopher 4.teaching；teach 5.order；orderly 6.stress；stressful 7.resign；resignment
8．influential；influence
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．be similar________ 与……相似
2．be________good
人之初，性本善
3．be________war with
与……交战
4．bring________
养育，抚养
5．________one’s advice
采纳某人的建议
6．become famous________
因……而出名
7．________some ways
在某些方面
8．________a result
结果
答案：1.to 2.born 3.at 4.up 5.follow 6.for
7．in 8.as
Ⅲ.必背句型
1．In ancient China，private teachers travelled from state to state ____________ their philosophy.
在古代中国，私人教师周游列国解释他们的哲学。
答案：explaining
2．Ancient China was a place ________ states were often at war with each other.
古代中国各诸侯国之间经常发生战争。
答案：where
3．But ______________________________ there were many great philosophers.
但那也是一个产生了许多哲学家的时期。
答案：it was also a time when
4．Mencius believed ________________________ man is different from animals is ________ man is good.
孟子认为人不同于动物的原因是人是善良的。
答案：that the reason why；that
5．Mencius had important government positions, and ____________.
孟子在政权中身居要职，墨子也是如此。
答案：so did Mozi
6．Mencius was a thinker ________ teachings were very similar to ________ of Confucius.
孟子是一位其教学方法类似于孔子的思想家。
答案：whose；those
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．The ____________(重要)of washing one’s hands is that it prevents infection.
答案：importance
2．I admired him because of his____________(善良)to others.
答案：kindness
3．I hope that____________(平等)of opportunity for men and women has come to stay.
答案：equality
4．The professor acted as an ____________(顾问)after he retired.
答案：adviser
5．Mr.Smith is still in____________(职位)and there’s no plan to move him.
答案：position
6．The teacher ____________(强调)that we should be on time.
答案：stressed
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．All countries，big or small，________________each other.
答案：are equal to
2．Things can easily go wrong when people are ________________.
答案：under stress
3．After her husband died，she ________________the three children all by herself.
答案：brought up
4．He ________________ the company in order to take a more challenging job.
答案：resigned from
5．Some teachers find it difficult to________________in their classes.
答案：keep order
6．They’ve been ________________ for the last five years.
答案：at war
Ⅲ.用所给词的适当形式或根据提示完成句子
1．Now it is common for women to ________________(担任重要职位)in the government.
答案：hold important positions
2．The director ordered that the gate and windows ________________(close)firmly before leaving the office.
答案：be closed
3．If you don’t sign up for the game，________________(我也不签)．
答案：neither will I
4．它是关于将来的一个时期人们制造的机器人喜欢人们。
It is about a time in the future ________________people make robots that love people.
答案：when
5．My opinion about the modern education is not similar to________________(其他老师的观点)．
答案：that of the other teachers’
6．Linda’s parents died when she was a baby and she ________________(抚养)by her aunt.
答案：was brought up
7．他开会迟到的原因是因为车坏在路上。
The reason ________________he was late for the meeting was ________________the car broke down on the way.
答案：why，that
8．如果双方想顺利合作，就应该先在基本原则上达成一致。
If the two sides want to cooperate smoothly，they should first reach an agreement ________________.
答案：on the basic principle
9．For many years these two countries were ________________(交战)，causing much suffering.
答案：at war
10．For most of the students，their teacher’s advice is more acceptable than ________________(父母们的建议)．
答案：that of their parents
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Canadian experts have found that socalled selfhelp books may actually do more harm than good to people who really need help.Researchers say that individuals (个人) with low selfrespect felt much worse after repeating positive statements about themselves.
In their study，psychologists Joanne Wood and John Lee sought to determine how positive thinking affected people with different levels of selfconfidence.They questioned dozens of people, both male and female，analyzed their selfworth and optimism by means of the standard psychological methods and then asked them to writedown
their thoughts and feelings.The scoring system ranged from 0 to 35.
During the experiment，the researchers asked a total of 68 participants to repeat the selfhelp book phrase，“I am a lovable person.”After that they measured the participants’moods and their feelings about themselves.The results revealed that the participants in the low selfrespect group who repeated the mantra (颂歌)，were feeling much worse afterwards, when compared to other participants in low selfrespect group who did not repeat the phrase.Those with low selfrespect who repeated the phrase scored an average of 10 points.Their counterparts(对应的人) with equally low selfrespect who were not asked to repeat the statement, were able to score a little higher average of 17 points.
However, individuals with high selfrespect reported feeling better after repeating the positive selfstatement—but only slightly.They scored an average of 31 points, compared with an average of 25 for those with equally high selfrespect who did not repeat the phrase.
Professor Wood urged those who promote selfhelp books, magazines and television shows to stop telling people that simply repeating a positive mantra could change one’s life.First, people start following this idea and feel like they are not alone.They are told that all they have to do is just to read that book and then to repeat these positive statements in a hope that things will be better, and when it does not work for them and they realize that nothing gets better，then it is really frustrating to people.
Researchers concluded，“Repeating positive selfstatements may benefit certain people such as individuals with high selfrespect but discourage the very people who need confidence the most.”
【解题导语】 一些自我肯定的言论一定对人们有积极的影响吗？研究表明，这些言论对较不自信的人们而言只会适得其反。所以，一些所谓的帮助人们建立自信心的自助图书并不一定会给人们带来好处。
1．The experts tried to find out，when repeating positive selfstatements，________.
A．the different influences on people with different levels of selfconfidence
B．whether males or females will get more benefit from selfhelp books
C．which group of people selfhelp books will do the greatest harm to
D．who will get the least benefit from selfhelp books
解析：选A。事实细节题。从第二段第一句中的“Joanne Wood and John Lee sought to determine how positive thinking affected people with different levels of selfconfidence”可知，Joanne Wood 和John Lee想知道积极思考是怎样影响不同自信水平的人们的。
2．How many points did the low selfrespect participants get after repeating the selfhelp book phrase?
A．An average of 10 points.
B．An average of 17 points.
C．An average of 31 points.
D．An average of 25 points.
解析：选A。事实细节题。从第三段倒数第二句“Those with low selfrespect who repeated the phrase scored an average of 10 points”可知答案。
3．Socalled selfhelp books do some good to________.
A．people lacking selfconfidence
B．people with high selfrespect
C．people with problems to settle urgently
D．people repeating positive selfstatements
解析：选B。事实细节题。从第四段第一句“However，individuals with high selfrespect reported feeling better...”可知答案。
4．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．The positive selfstatement can greatly encourage people with high selfrespect.
B．All the participants will slightly benefit from the positive selfstatement.
C．Believing in positive selfstatements will result in great failures in the end.
D．Simply repeating a positive mantra couldn’t possibly change one’s life.
解析：选D。推理判断题。从倒数第二段第一句可知D项内容正确。
5．What do the researchers think of socalled selfhelp books?
A．They value them.
B．They promote them.
C．They think little of them.
D．They get puzzled with them.
解析：选C。推理判断题。从最后一段中的“Repeating positive selfstatements may benefit certain people such as individuals with high selfrespect but discourage the very people who need confidence the most.”可推知答案。
Ⅴ.信息匹配
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
首先，请阅读一些关于处理家长与孩子的关系的策略的信息：
A．Be friends with your children.Your teenagers may not want you to be their friends.What they need is for you to be a reliable, responsible role model, worthy of their respect, and not some overgrown finger-snapping adult who wears too-tight jeans or T-shirts.
B．Find the humor between you and your children.Have you ever noticed how humor can make tension instantly me away? Some parents just tend to take things too seriously.Consciously look for the humor in situations because it allows you to create an environment of lightness where communication is likely to be enhanced. Used appropriately，humor is a tool and a friend.
C．Encourage your children to participate in some sports.Even if your teenager has two left feet (极其笨拙), you should also encourage him.Even at times, you can accompany him to do sports.Not only are sports good for health, but also they can develop perseverance and involve the child in a team.
D．Don’t ever argue with a teenager.If your daughter tends to debate something, let her sign up for the Debate Club.If you try to follow teenage logic, your mouth will go dry and your ears and nerves will surely fray.Don’t worry.She will know she is wrong later.
E．Introduce yourself to your teenager’s teachers and keep in regular contact with them. Your teenager will be proud of you when you are asked to speak at the school.If you get on well with the teachers you can learn a lot about your child’s performance at school.
F．Make some house rules for your teenager. Your teenager needs some house rules, otherwise he or she could become lazy and then his or her room could begin to seriously resemble a monkey cage.Some good house rules: no eating outside the kitchen; no visitors to the house unless an adult is present.
下面是一些家长信息，请将家长信息与适合他们的策略匹配起来：
1．Mrs.Green’s son is not in good health and is also very shy.He is not good at sports and he always stays at home after school. Mrs. Green is worried about this, but she doesn’t know how to deal with the problem.
解析：选C。Mrs.Green的儿子身体不好又害羞，作为父母应该鼓励他多参加运动。因为运动不仅有利于健康，而且也有利于锻炼他的意志，培养他的团队合作精神。
2．Mr.White often plays with his daughter to be close to her.He doesn’t like doing this, but he wants to be his daughter’s friend. He sometimes plays a clown to amuse his daughter or dresses like a teenager, but she doesn’t like it.He is confused.
解析：选A。Mr.White想成为女儿的朋友，但是不知道应该怎么做，A项提供了策略。
3．Mr.Wilson usually has different opinions from those of his teenage daughter, Lily.Lily speaks fast and insists on her own opinions, which are immature.Mr.Wilson is tired of this and he really wants his daughter to learn or understand something properly.
解析：选D。Mr.Wilson通常与女儿有不同的观点，争吵不是办法，D项提出了“永远不和孩子争吵”的策略，符合Mr.Wilson的需求。
4．Mr.Black’s son has a lot of bad habits.He often sleeps until twelve o’clock at weekends. He never helps his mother do housework and clean his own room.Sometimes, when his parents are not at home, he calls in many friends to his home, making it at a mess.
解析：选F。Mr.Black的儿子有太多的坏习惯，因此应该制订一些规则来约束他，使他逐步改掉坏毛病。
5．Mr.Smith is too busy to go to his child’s school to attend the parents meeting and his wife is in another city. He sometimes calls his child’s teacher or sends an email to the teacher, but it does not seem to help.And he is eager to know what his child is doing at school.
解析：选E。Mr.Smith渴望了解孩子的在校情况，策略当然是与老师保持联系了。
