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2024高考英语二轮阅读理解八十集之连载训练（57）
介绍说明类
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The principles about applying for jobs have altered greatly lately. In the past, people preferred a hand-written application letter. However, nowadays it is becoming more and more common to apply for a job through the Internet. You can find information on the Internet about how to apply for jobs. Information can be found about how to fulfill your application letter, the clothes that you should wear and how to carry out the interview itself.
The importance of body language is often mentioned, but doesn’t always get the attention it deserves. After all, before a word has ever been spoken, your body language will have already given people their first impression of you. Additionally, your body language will also give out a lot more information. Based on your body language it can be seen if you are self-confident. It can also show if you are a busy or a quiet type and it helps give an impression of whether you are speaking truthfully or not. Body language can show how enthusiastic you are and if you are a nice person, someone who will take his work seriously, but also someone who has a sense of humor and can enjoy a joke from time to time. The members of the application committee will ask you questions, but your answers won’t only be oral. The committee will not only pay attention to what you say, but also to how you say it!Body language will determine first if it“clicks”, and sometimes all it takes is just a few seconds. Everybody uses body language, but it takes place mostly at a subconscious (下意识的)level. Using body language appropriately, you can definitely increase your chances of getting a job.
1. What kind of people is the text mainly meant for?
A. Interviewers.B. Job-hunting people.
C. Employers. D. Lay-off workers.
2. We can learn from the first paragraph that______.
A. hand-written letters are not used in finding a job
B. the more expensive clothes interviewees wear, the better
C. body language is more important than spoken words
D. Internet is of significance in applying for a job
3. Using body language well in a job interview will probably______.
A. get rid of the interviewers’ prejudice
B. determine what position one will get
C. increase the possibility to get the wanted job
D. help one remove nervousness
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Those using body language are usually confident.
B. Body language is often used on purpose in job hunting.
C. Body language is a mirror to reflect one’s personality.
D. People enjoying jokes are preferred in a job interview.
【参考答案】1—4、BDCC
阅读理解, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the world’s four oceans. Its name comes from the Latin meaning “peaceful sea”， and was given by the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan, whose voyage was plain there.
However, the Pacific is not always peaceful. Its islands are often hit by typhoons, and the countries surrounding it have many volcanoes and are often hit by earthquakes. Tsunamis
(海啸 ), caused by underwater earthquakes, have destroyed many low－lying coastal towns.
The Ocean contains about 46% of Earth’s surface water, and makes up about 32% of its total surface area, more than all of the planet’s land areas.
The equator (赤道) divides it into the North Pacific and the South Pacific Oceans, the latter of which contains most of its largest 25,000 islands. The largest landmass entirely within the Pacific Ocean is the island of New Guinea, with Australia to its south；it has been the world’s second－largest island since separating from the Australian mainland.The lowest point on Earth, the Mariana Trench (海沟), lies 10,911 meters below the surface of the Pacific, but the Ocean’s average depth is 4,280 meters.
The water temperature of the Pacific varies from freezing at the poles to about 300C near the equator. Its salinity (盐分) also varies from place to place. The water near the equator is less salty because of the rainfall there, but at the poles salinity is also low, because little evaporation (蒸发) takes place in the cold water of these areas.
The exploitation (开采) of the Pacific’s mineral wealth is difficult in its deeper parts. However, in the shallow waters of the continental shelves off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand, oil and natural gas are exploited, and pearls are harvested along the coasts of Australia, Japan, Nicaragua and the Philippines.
The Pacific’s greatest wealth is its fish, but the fishing industry has been harmed greatly by marine pollution. The biggest harm comes from rivers that carry into the Ocean many chemicals used as fertilizers in agriculture, as well as waste. These days many countries are coming together to try to protect the Ocean.
1. Ferdinand Magellan gave the Ocean its name because he________.
A. expected to live a peaceful life
B．hoped there would be no more wars
C．came upon no serious storms while crossing it
D．expected to stay safe and healthy there
2. From the passage, what do we know about the Pacific Ocean?
A．It contains about 32% of the Earth’s surface water.
B．It has suffered many natural disasters.
C．Its deeper parts haven’t been exploited.
D．New Guinea is on the north of it.
3. Why is the water at the poles less salty?
A．Little of it turns into steam.
B．There is abundant rainfall there.
C．The ocean currents are slow there.
D．Melting snow adds water to the ocean.
4. We can infer from the passage that________.
A. countries near the Ocean benefit from being on it
B．pearls are a major source of income in Japan
C．most people prefer to live near the Ocean
D．all the countries along the Ocean are developed
[解题导语] 本文从几个方面简要介绍太平洋。
1.解析：选C。细节理解题。根据whose voyage was plain there可知选C。plain sailing意为“一帆风顺”。
2.解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段可知选B；根据第二段可知A、D表述错误；文章倒数第二段提到太平洋的深层很难开采，但并没有提到没开采过，故C项表述错误。
3．解析：选A。 细节理解题。根据第三段中because little evaporation takes place in the cold water of these areas可知A正确。因为那儿的海水几乎没有蒸发。B项是赤道附近盐度低的原因。
4.解析：选A。推理判断题。从倒数第二段可知那些太平洋的周边国家从海洋的丰富资源中获益不少，因此选A。
阅读理解, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
For more than nine days，for more than 60 miles，thousands of Beijingbound vehicles have come to an almost total stop on highways called the 6 and 110 that run from Inner Mongolia southeast to the nation's capital.Bai Xiaolong，a 30yearold truck driver，says it took him five days to make the 350mile journey from Inner Mongolia to Tianjin.He spent much of that time reading，textmessaging and sleeping rather than speeding up.“There was one day that I didn't move，not even an inch，”said Bai，an inhabitant of Jining in Inner Mongolia，a city at the western end of the traffic jam.
Chinese officials said that the congestion is mainly because of the maintenance(维护)projects that began in midAugust and are scheduled to be completed in midSeptember.Trucks carrying 8 tons or more of coal or fruit have been responsible for damaging the roadway，thus making the work necessary.
Drivers who often use the route know that heavy traffic has long been a fact of life.“The problem is really that there're too many cars and trucks and not enough lanes(车道)，”Bai said.“We drivers are used to this sort of thing happening.”
The two national freeways are heavily used by trucks carrying coal from the recently opened fields of Inner Mongolia to China's coastal cities.
The seemingly endless jam began on the 6 and spread to the 110，which runs parallel(平行的)，when officials sought to ease the traffic on the 6.
The Global Times，and Englishlanguage newspaper，said the jam had eased somewhat in the last two days，but inhabitants of the region say the congestion simply spilled out onto other roads.
The congestion has created an economy of its own.Vendors(小贩)sell boxed lunches，noodles and drinking water to the travelers，often at jackedup prices.And because of the longstanding problems along the highways，dozens of small hotels have appeared，attracting drivers who need a stop to catch more serious sleep.
1．According to the text，the 110 was mainly damaged by________.
A．too many cars B．bad weather
C．poor maintenanceD．heavy trucks
答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句及第六段可知，导致这条国道毁坏的主要原因是那些重型卡车，故选D项。2．What can we infer from the text?
A．Bai Xiaolong was born in Tianjin.
B．The problem of traffic jams in China will be solved soon.
C．Chinese officials think it is necessary to build more lanes.
D．The local people don't think the congestion has eased.
答案：D 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的inhabitants of the region say the congestion simply spilled out onto other roads可知，当地居民认为交通堵塞只是转移到了别的道路上，也就是说他们认为当地的交通拥堵并没有得到缓解。
3．The underlined word“jackedup”in the last paragraph probably means“________”．
A．high
B．right
C．special
D．low
答案：A 猜测词义题。因为堵车所以司机被困在那里，他们需要吃的和喝的，而一些商贩发现了这个商机，往往哄抬物价，司机们别无选择，由此可猜测出该词的意思为“很高的”。
4．What would be the best title of the passage?
A．The congestion creates an economy of its own
B．Traffic jam near Beijing stretches on for days
C．The traffic has improved in Beijing
D．Truck drivers in China live a hard life
答案：B 标题归纳题。本文报道了一次严重的交通堵塞。60多英里的道路变成了停车场，足足堵了九天多的时间，B作为标题最合适。
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Many Americans are turning to Japan, they think, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one survey, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答问卷者)listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in the first grade and beyond, Japanese preschools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as determination, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group. The huge majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.
Like in America, there is diversity (多样性)in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated (一流的)schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing (智能化)in some Japanese kindergartens.
1. We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe______.
A. Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents
B. Japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements
C. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction
D. Japan’s higher education is superior to theirs
2. In Japan’s preschool education, the focus is on______.
A. preparing children academically
B. developing children’s artistic interests
C. developing children’s potential
D. shaping children’s character
3. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?
A. They can do better in their future studies.
B. They can make more group experience grow there.
C. They can be self-centered when they grow up.
D. They can have better chances of getting a top-rated education.
4. Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to______.
A. broaden children’s knowledge
B. train children’s creativity
C. lighten children’s study load
D. enrich children’s experience
【参考答案】1—4、CDDC
2024高考英语二轮阅读理解八十集之连载训练（57）
介绍说明类
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The principles about applying for jobs have altered greatly lately. In the past, people preferred a hand-written application letter. However, nowadays it is becoming more and more common to apply for a job through the Internet. You can find information on the Internet about how to apply for jobs. Information can be found about how to fulfill your application letter, the clothes that you should wear and how to carry out the interview itself.
The importance of body language is often mentioned, but doesn’t always get the attention it deserves. After all, before a word has ever been spoken, your body language will have already given people their first impression of you. Additionally, your body language will also give out a lot more information. Based on your body language it can be seen if you are self-confident. It can also show if you are a busy or a quiet type and it helps give an impression of whether you are speaking truthfully or not. Body language can show how enthusiastic you are and if you are a nice person, someone who will take his work seriously, but also someone who has a sense of humor and can enjoy a joke from time to time. The members of the application committee will ask you questions, but your answers won’t only be oral. The committee will not only pay attention to what you say, but also to how you say it!Body language will determine first if it“clicks”, and sometimes all it takes is just a few seconds. Everybody uses body language, but it takes place mostly at a subconscious (下意识的)level. Using body language appropriately, you can definitely increase your chances of getting a job.
1. What kind of people is the text mainly meant for?
A. Interviewers.B. Job-hunting people.
C. Employers. D. Lay-off workers.
2. We can learn from the first paragraph that______.
A. hand-written letters are not used in finding a job
B. the more expensive clothes interviewees wear, the better
C. body language is more important than spoken words
D. Internet is of significance in applying for a job
3. Using body language well in a job interview will probably______.
A. get rid of the interviewers’ prejudice
B. determine what position one will get
C. increase the possibility to get the wanted job
D. help one remove nervousness
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Those using body language are usually confident.
B. Body language is often used on purpose in job hunting.
C. Body language is a mirror to reflect one’s personality.
D. People enjoying jokes are preferred in a job interview.
【参考答案】1—4、BDCC
阅读理解, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the world’s four oceans. Its name comes from the Latin meaning “peaceful sea”， and was given by the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan, whose voyage was plain there.
However, the Pacific is not always peaceful. Its islands are often hit by typhoons, and the countries surrounding it have many volcanoes and are often hit by earthquakes. Tsunamis
(海啸 ), caused by underwater earthquakes, have destroyed many low－lying coastal towns.
The Ocean contains about 46% of Earth’s surface water, and makes up about 32% of its total surface area, more than all of the planet’s land areas.
The equator (赤道) divides it into the North Pacific and the South Pacific Oceans, the latter of which contains most of its largest 25,000 islands. The largest landmass entirely within the Pacific Ocean is the island of New Guinea, with Australia to its south；it has been the world’s second－largest island since separating from the Australian mainland.The lowest point on Earth, the Mariana Trench (海沟), lies 10,911 meters below the surface of the Pacific, but the Ocean’s average depth is 4,280 meters.
The water temperature of the Pacific varies from freezing at the poles to about 300C near the equator. Its salinity (盐分) also varies from place to place. The water near the equator is less salty because of the rainfall there, but at the poles salinity is also low, because little evaporation (蒸发) takes place in the cold water of these areas.
The exploitation (开采) of the Pacific’s mineral wealth is difficult in its deeper parts. However, in the shallow waters of the continental shelves off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand, oil and natural gas are exploited, and pearls are harvested along the coasts of Australia, Japan, Nicaragua and the Philippines.
The Pacific’s greatest wealth is its fish, but the fishing industry has been harmed greatly by marine pollution. The biggest harm comes from rivers that carry into the Ocean many chemicals used as fertilizers in agriculture, as well as waste. These days many countries are coming together to try to protect the Ocean.
1. Ferdinand Magellan gave the Ocean its name because he________.
A. expected to live a peaceful life
B．hoped there would be no more wars
C．came upon no serious storms while crossing it
D．expected to stay safe and healthy there
2. From the passage, what do we know about the Pacific Ocean?
A．It contains about 32% of the Earth’s surface water.
B．It has suffered many natural disasters.
C．Its deeper parts haven’t been exploited.
D．New Guinea is on the north of it.
3. Why is the water at the poles less salty?
A．Little of it turns into steam.
B．There is abundant rainfall there.
C．The ocean currents are slow there.
D．Melting snow adds water to the ocean.
4. We can infer from the passage that________.
A. countries near the Ocean benefit from being on it
B．pearls are a major source of income in Japan
C．most people prefer to live near the Ocean
D．all the countries along the Ocean are developed
[解题导语] 本文从几个方面简要介绍太平洋。
1.解析：选C。细节理解题。根据whose voyage was plain there可知选C。plain sailing意为“一帆风顺”。
2.解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段可知选B；根据第二段可知A、D表述错误；文章倒数第二段提到太平洋的深层很难开采，但并没有提到没开采过，故C项表述错误。
3．解析：选A。 细节理解题。根据第三段中because little evaporation takes place in the cold water of these areas可知A正确。因为那儿的海水几乎没有蒸发。B项是赤道附近盐度低的原因。
4.解析：选A。推理判断题。从倒数第二段可知那些太平洋的周边国家从海洋的丰富资源中获益不少，因此选A。
阅读理解, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
For more than nine days，for more than 60 miles，thousands of Beijingbound vehicles have come to an almost total stop on highways called the 6 and 110 that run from Inner Mongolia southeast to the nation's capital.Bai Xiaolong，a 30yearold truck driver，says it took him five days to make the 350mile journey from Inner Mongolia to Tianjin.He spent much of that time reading，textmessaging and sleeping rather than speeding up.“There was one day that I didn't move，not even an inch，”said Bai，an inhabitant of Jining in Inner Mongolia，a city at the western end of the traffic jam.
Chinese officials said that the congestion is mainly because of the maintenance(维护)projects that began in midAugust and are scheduled to be completed in midSeptember.Trucks carrying 8 tons or more of coal or fruit have been responsible for damaging the roadway，thus making the work necessary.
Drivers who often use the route know that heavy traffic has long been a fact of life.“The problem is really that there're too many cars and trucks and not enough lanes(车道)，”Bai said.“We drivers are used to this sort of thing happening.”
The two national freeways are heavily used by trucks carrying coal from the recently opened fields of Inner Mongolia to China's coastal cities.
The seemingly endless jam began on the 6 and spread to the 110，which runs parallel(平行的)，when officials sought to ease the traffic on the 6.
The Global Times，and Englishlanguage newspaper，said the jam had eased somewhat in the last two days，but inhabitants of the region say the congestion simply spilled out onto other roads.
The congestion has created an economy of its own.Vendors(小贩)sell boxed lunches，noodles and drinking water to the travelers，often at jackedup prices.And because of the longstanding problems along the highways，dozens of small hotels have appeared，attracting drivers who need a stop to catch more serious sleep.
1．According to the text，the 110 was mainly damaged by________.
A．too many cars B．bad weather
C．poor maintenanceD．heavy trucks
答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句及第六段可知，导致这条国道毁坏的主要原因是那些重型卡车，故选D项。2．What can we infer from the text?
A．Bai Xiaolong was born in Tianjin.
B．The problem of traffic jams in China will be solved soon.
C．Chinese officials think it is necessary to build more lanes.
D．The local people don't think the congestion has eased.
答案：D 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的inhabitants of the region say the congestion simply spilled out onto other roads可知，当地居民认为交通堵塞只是转移到了别的道路上，也就是说他们认为当地的交通拥堵并没有得到缓解。
3．The underlined word“jackedup”in the last paragraph probably means“________”．
A．high
B．right
C．special
D．low
答案：A 猜测词义题。因为堵车所以司机被困在那里，他们需要吃的和喝的，而一些商贩发现了这个商机，往往哄抬物价，司机们别无选择，由此可猜测出该词的意思为“很高的”。
4．What would be the best title of the passage?
A．The congestion creates an economy of its own
B．Traffic jam near Beijing stretches on for days
C．The traffic has improved in Beijing
D．Truck drivers in China live a hard life
答案：B 标题归纳题。本文报道了一次严重的交通堵塞。60多英里的道路变成了停车场，足足堵了九天多的时间，B作为标题最合适。
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Many Americans are turning to Japan, they think, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one survey, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答问卷者)listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in the first grade and beyond, Japanese preschools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as determination, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group. The huge majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.
Like in America, there is diversity (多样性)in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated (一流的)schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing (智能化)in some Japanese kindergartens.
1. We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe______.
A. Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents
B. Japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements
C. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction
D. Japan’s higher education is superior to theirs
2. In Japan’s preschool education, the focus is on______.
A. preparing children academically
B. developing children’s artistic interests
C. developing children’s potential
D. shaping children’s character
3. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?
A. They can do better in their future studies.
B. They can make more group experience grow there.
C. They can be self-centered when they grow up.
D. They can have better chances of getting a top-rated education.
4. Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to______.
A. broaden children’s knowledge
B. train children’s creativity
C. lighten children’s study load
D. enrich children’s experience
【参考答案】1—4、CDDC
