河南省新密一高高三英语《语法专题指导-情态动词》课件

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　　情态动词的用法 情态动词的基本用法特点 1） 情态动词 除 ought 和 have 外，后面只能接动词

　　原型。 2） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第

　　三人称单数不加-s。 3） 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分

　　词，等形式。

　　高中阶段都学过哪些情态动词呢 1 can / could / be able to 2 may/might 3 must / have to 4 shall / should 5 will / would 6

　　need / dare 7 ought to 1 can / could / be able to 1 Some of us can use computers now, but we

　　couldn't last year.（能力） 2 It will be sunny in the day time ,but it can

　　rain later on this evening（客观可能性） 3 ---Can I go now ? yes ,you can （请求和允许） 4 Could you wait a few days for the memory? （请求） 5 1 Can this news be true?

　　2 It can't be our headmaster.he has gone to

　　Beijing.（表推测，主要用于否定和疑问）

　　*be able to 能用于各种时态。

　　can / could 只能表示现在或过去的能力。

　　*was / were able to : “设法做成某事”

　　相当于

　　managed to do sth.

　　succeeded in doing sth.。 1. can 与be able to 有何区别？ 1. A computer ______ think for itself;

　　it must be told what to do.

　　A. can’t

　　B. couldn’t

　　C. may not

　　D. might not 2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.

　　A. had to

　　B. would

　　C. could

　　D. was able to A

　　D

　　3. They will ______ run this machine on their own in three months. A. can

　　B. could

　　C. may

　　D. be able to D

　　2 may / might 1 May I watch Tv after supper?

　　Yes you may /No ,you mustn't.（请求许可) 2 It may be true ./ she may come tomorrow / He might have some fever（推测） 3 May you succeed ! May you have many

　　more days as happy as this one（祝愿） may/ might as well 还是 -----好 we may as well stay where we are 5. — Could I borrow your dictionary?

　　— Yes, of course you _______.

　　A. might

　　B. will

　　C. can

　　D. should 6.

　　— Might I watch TV after supper?

　　— Yes, you ________.

　　A. may

　　B. must

　　C. might

　　D. can C

　　A

　　3 must 语 have to 的 用法 1 You must come to school on time . You mustn't

　　waste any more time（必须,禁止） 2

　　Must I come back before ten ?

　　Yes ,you must.

　　No, you needn't./ don't have to 3 It must

　　be our headteacher.

　　You must be hungry after a long walk.（推测) 4 I really must go now.

　　I have to go now,because my mother is in

　　hospital.( 不得不） He must be reading, ____ he? You must do it yourself, ____ you? He must have gone over the article,

　　______he? It must have rained last night, _____ it? 3、表推测语气的反意疑问句的构成 isn’t don’t hasn’t didn’t 另外must 还有偏偏一定要的意思 why must you play the piano while others are sleeping. 7. You ______ return the book now. You can

　　keep it till next week if you like.

　　A. can’t

　　B. mustn’t

　　C. needn’t

　　D. may not 8. Johnny, you ______ play with the knife, you

　　______ hurt yourself.

　　A. won’t ; can’t

　　B. mustn’t ; may

　　C. shouldn’t ; must

　　D. can’t ; shouldn’t C

　　B

　　9. --Will you stay for lunch?

　　--Sorry, _____. My brother is coming to see me.

　　A. I mustn’t

　　B. I can’t

　　C. I needn’t

　　D. I won’t 10. --May I pick a flower in the garden?

　　-- ________.

　　A. No, you needn’t

　　B. Not, please.

　　C. No, you mustn’t

　　D. No, you won’t B

　　C

　　4 shall 与 should 1用于一，三人称疑问句表示征求对方的意见 和 向对方请示

　　Shall the driver wait ?What shall we do next ? 2 用于 二 三人称陈述句表示命令警告，允诺， 威胁以及法律条文规定 You shall go with me / He shall be punished

　　You shall have the book when I finish it All the children shall go to school at the age

　　of seven. 3表示劝告和建议 You should study hard. 4 表推测 They should have arrived by two o'clock 5用于if 条件句表示万一 Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him. Shoud I be free tomorrow ,I will come. 6 表竟然 I don't know why you should be so rude to

　　your mother

　　Tom’s father promised, “You ___have a new computer if you pass the coming examination,”

　　A.can

　　B.should

　　C.shall

　　D.may

　　C

　　------When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -----They _____be ready by 12 : 00 .

　　(

　　A. can

　　B. should C. might

　　D. need

　　B

　　You ought to have helped him with his English, ____you ?

　　A. won’t you

　　B. ought not you C. shouldn’t you D. wouldn’t you

　　C 5 will 与 would 的用法 1 表示意志和意愿 I will never do it again. They said that they would help us. 2 表请求，建议 Will you please take a message for me? Would you please pass him the book? 3 表功能 This machine won't work. 4 表示习惯性动作与used to有何区别 Fish will die without water. Every evening ,he would sit by the window. 6 need 语 dare的用法 既可做实意动词又可做情态动词。做情态动词用于 否定和疑问句而做实意动词可用于肯定，否定疑问 How dare you say such a thing?

　　How dare you to say such a thing? He daren’t to speak English before such a

　　crowd, did he?

　　He daren’t speak English before such a

　　crowd, dare he? She _____out alone at night.

　　(

　　)

　　A.dare not to go

　　B. dares not go

　　C. doesn’t dare to go

　　D. doesn’t dares go C 7 ought to 的 用法 1 表应该与 should 的 区别 You ought to take care of him. You are his father .You ought to get him

　　to receive good education

　　2 表推测 He ought to be home by now. He must be home by now. 一 情态动词+ 完成时表对过去的推测 1 must have done（仅用于肯定句) 2 can't /couldn't have done(用于否定疑问句） 3 may have done （肯定，否定均可) 4 might have done（肯定，否定均可)

　　二 表虚拟 1 should / could /would /might have done 三

　　needn't have done

　　would rather have done

　　had better have done

　　Jenny ____with him at that time, for I was having dinner with her in my home. (

　　)

　　A.can’t have been

　　B. mustn’t have been

　　C. must be

　　D. may be

　　A

　　They are disappointed at the English party. They say that it ___better organized. (

　　) A.had been

　　B. had to be C. must have been

　　D. could have been

　　D ---- Did you walked home by yourself last night ? ---- Yes, I did. But I think I _____.

　　(

　　) A.

　　needn’t

　　B. shouldn’t C. may not have

　　D. needn’t have D 8. We______last night, but we went to the concert instead. A. must have studied

　　B. might study C. should have studied

　　D. would study 9. There was plenty of time. She_____. A. mustn’t have hurried

　　B. couldn’t have hurried C. mustn’t hurry

　　D. needn’t have hurried 10. Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise. She____something she would regret later. A. had said

　　B. said C. might say

　　D. might have said.

　　C D D 11. ----Did you scold him for his mistake? ----Yes, but______it. A. I’d rather not do B. I’d better not do C. I’d better not have done D. I’d rather have not done D

　　情态动词的用法 情态动词的基本用法特点 1） 情态动词 除 ought 和 have 外，后面只能接动词

　　原型。 2） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第

　　三人称单数不加-s。 3） 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分

　　词，等形式。

　　高中阶段都学过哪些情态动词呢 1 can / could / be able to 2 may/might 3 must / have to 4 shall / should 5 will / would 6

　　need / dare 7 ought to 1 can / could / be able to 1 Some of us can use computers now, but we

　　couldn't last year.（能力） 2 It will be sunny in the day time ,but it can

　　rain later on this evening（客观可能性） 3 ---Can I go now ? yes ,you can （请求和允许） 4 Could you wait a few days for the memory? （请求） 5 1 Can this news be true?

　　2 It can't be our headmaster.he has gone to

　　Beijing.（表推测，主要用于否定和疑问）

　　*be able to 能用于各种时态。

　　can / could 只能表示现在或过去的能力。

　　*was / were able to : “设法做成某事”

　　相当于

　　managed to do sth.

　　succeeded in doing sth.。 1. can 与be able to 有何区别？ 1. A computer ______ think for itself;

　　it must be told what to do.

　　A. can’t

　　B. couldn’t

　　C. may not

　　D. might not 2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.

　　A. had to

　　B. would

　　C. could

　　D. was able to A

　　D

　　3. They will ______ run this machine on their own in three months. A. can

　　B. could

　　C. may

　　D. be able to D

　　2 may / might 1 May I watch Tv after supper?

　　Yes you may /No ,you mustn't.（请求许可) 2 It may be true ./ she may come tomorrow / He might have some fever（推测） 3 May you succeed ! May you have many

　　more days as happy as this one（祝愿） may/ might as well 还是 -----好 we may as well stay where we are 5. — Could I borrow your dictionary?

　　— Yes, of course you _______.

　　A. might

　　B. will

　　C. can

　　D. should 6.

　　— Might I watch TV after supper?

　　— Yes, you ________.

　　A. may

　　B. must

　　C. might

　　D. can C

　　A

　　3 must 语 have to 的 用法 1 You must come to school on time . You mustn't

　　waste any more time（必须,禁止） 2

　　Must I come back before ten ?

　　Yes ,you must.

　　No, you needn't./ don't have to 3 It must

　　be our headteacher.

　　You must be hungry after a long walk.（推测) 4 I really must go now.

　　I have to go now,because my mother is in

　　hospital.( 不得不） He must be reading, ____ he? You must do it yourself, ____ you? He must have gone over the article,

　　______he? It must have rained last night, _____ it? 3、表推测语气的反意疑问句的构成 isn’t don’t hasn’t didn’t 另外must 还有偏偏一定要的意思 why must you play the piano while others are sleeping. 7. You ______ return the book now. You can

　　keep it till next week if you like.

　　A. can’t

　　B. mustn’t

　　C. needn’t

　　D. may not 8. Johnny, you ______ play with the knife, you

　　______ hurt yourself.

　　A. won’t ; can’t

　　B. mustn’t ; may

　　C. shouldn’t ; must

　　D. can’t ; shouldn’t C

　　B

　　9. --Will you stay for lunch?

　　--Sorry, _____. My brother is coming to see me.

　　A. I mustn’t

　　B. I can’t

　　C. I needn’t

　　D. I won’t 10. --May I pick a flower in the garden?

　　-- ________.

　　A. No, you needn’t

　　B. Not, please.

　　C. No, you mustn’t

　　D. No, you won’t B

　　C

　　4 shall 与 should 1用于一，三人称疑问句表示征求对方的意见 和 向对方请示

　　Shall the driver wait ?What shall we do next ? 2 用于 二 三人称陈述句表示命令警告，允诺， 威胁以及法律条文规定 You shall go with me / He shall be punished

　　You shall have the book when I finish it All the children shall go to school at the age

　　of seven. 3表示劝告和建议 You should study hard. 4 表推测 They should have arrived by two o'clock 5用于if 条件句表示万一 Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him. Shoud I be free tomorrow ,I will come. 6 表竟然 I don't know why you should be so rude to

　　your mother

　　Tom’s father promised, “You ___have a new computer if you pass the coming examination,”

　　A.can

　　B.should

　　C.shall

　　D.may

　　C

　　------When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -----They _____be ready by 12 : 00 .

　　(

　　A. can

　　B. should C. might

　　D. need

　　B

　　You ought to have helped him with his English, ____you ?

　　A. won’t you

　　B. ought not you C. shouldn’t you D. wouldn’t you

　　C 5 will 与 would 的用法 1 表示意志和意愿 I will never do it again. They said that they would help us. 2 表请求，建议 Will you please take a message for me? Would you please pass him the book? 3 表功能 This machine won't work. 4 表示习惯性动作与used to有何区别 Fish will die without water. Every evening ,he would sit by the window. 6 need 语 dare的用法 既可做实意动词又可做情态动词。做情态动词用于 否定和疑问句而做实意动词可用于肯定，否定疑问 How dare you say such a thing?

　　How dare you to say such a thing? He daren’t to speak English before such a

　　crowd, did he?

　　He daren’t speak English before such a

　　crowd, dare he? She _____out alone at night.

　　(

　　)

　　A.dare not to go

　　B. dares not go

　　C. doesn’t dare to go

　　D. doesn’t dares go C 7 ought to 的 用法 1 表应该与 should 的 区别 You ought to take care of him. You are his father .You ought to get him

　　to receive good education

　　2 表推测 He ought to be home by now. He must be home by now. 一 情态动词+ 完成时表对过去的推测 1 must have done（仅用于肯定句) 2 can't /couldn't have done(用于否定疑问句） 3 may have done （肯定，否定均可) 4 might have done（肯定，否定均可)

　　二 表虚拟 1 should / could /would /might have done 三

　　needn't have done

　　would rather have done

　　had better have done

　　Jenny ____with him at that time, for I was having dinner with her in my home. (

　　)

　　A.can’t have been

　　B. mustn’t have been

　　C. must be

　　D. may be

　　A

　　They are disappointed at the English party. They say that it ___better organized. (

　　) A.had been

　　B. had to be C. must have been

　　D. could have been

　　D ---- Did you walked home by yourself last night ? ---- Yes, I did. But I think I _____.

　　(

　　) A.

　　needn’t

　　B. shouldn’t C. may not have

　　D. needn’t have D 8. We______last night, but we went to the concert instead. A. must have studied

　　B. might study C. should have studied

　　D. would study 9. There was plenty of time. She_____. A. mustn’t have hurried

　　B. couldn’t have hurried C. mustn’t hurry

　　D. needn’t have hurried 10. Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise. She____something she would regret later. A. had said

　　B. said C. might say

　　D. might have said.

　　C D D 11. ----Did you scold him for his mistake? ----Yes, but______it. A. I’d rather not do B. I’d better not do C. I’d better not have done D. I’d rather have not done D