【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
问题：作者意图判断错误
【问题描述与分析】
近年的完形的文章一般是积极向上的，或激励，或表达理解，但是很多考生常常是“看一叶而忽视整树”，过分钻研细节而忽略了作者真正的意图，这样容易导致大范围理解错误而大量失分。
【例】 It was a cool October evening. Excitement and family members__36__the hall. I was only a 7-year-old girl, but I was the center of__37__. Finally, after weeks of preparation, I would__38__all my hard work in a dance of performance. Everything would be__39__—so I thought. I waited backstage all__40__in my black tights with a golden belt. In a loud and clear voice, the master of ceremonies__41__that my class was next.
My dance class was doing a routine on wooden boxes two feet by two feet, facing the__42__.All I had to do in the next move was put one foot on the box next to mine and keep my other foot on my box. It really was an__43__move. I was concentrating so much__44__the huge smile on my face and holding my head up that I did not look__45__I was going. I missed my partner’s box altogether and__46__. There I was standing on the stage floor when my classmates were on top of their boxes. I could hear giggles(咯咯笑)coming from the audience, and I felt the__47__rush to my face. I remembered my dance teacher had told us，“If you make a mistake，keep smiling so the audience will not__48__.” I did my best to follow her__49__as I continued with the routine.
When the curtain dropped, so did my__50__for the evening. I __51__bitterly, tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face. I ran backstage, but no one could__52__me down.
Recently I realized I had been a__53__that night. I was__54__，but I fought the urge to run off the stage.__55__， I finished the routine with a smile on my face. Now when friends and family laugh about the time I slipped during a dance performance, I can laugh too.(2010·山东卷)
36．A.filled
B．visited
C．attended
D．decorated
37．A.pressure
B．impression
C．debate
D．attention
38．A.take over
B．show off
C．look after
D．give up
39．A.reasonable
B．suitable
C．obvious
D．perfect
40．A.dressed up
B．folded up
C．covered up
D．mixed up
41．A.suggested
B．explained
C．announced
D．predicted
42．A.music
B．audience
C．curtain
D．stage
43．A.easy
B．active
C．adventurous
D．extra
44．A.containing
B．hiding
C．sharing
D．keeping
45．A.why
B．whether
C．where
D．what
46．A.wandered
B．slipped
C．waved
D．skipped
47．A.blood
B．pleasure
C．pride
D．tear
48．A.leave
B．cheer
C．believe
D．notice
49．A.gesture
B．example
C．advice
D．plan
50．A.doubts
B．hopes
C．voice
D．patience
51．A.argued
B．shouted
C．begged
D．sobbed
52．A.turn
B．calm
C．let
D．put
53．A.star
B．pioneer
C．loser
D．fool
54．A.satisfied
B．moved
C．embarrassed
D．confused
55．A.However
B．Instead
C．In total
D．It return
【解题导语】 文是一篇记叙文，作者采取倒叙的方式回顾了影响自己人生的一次经历，文章叙述时并不是平铺直叙，而是有起伏的，当作者失误的时候，很多考生认为作者是失败了，以为作者可能是从失败的教训里得到了宝贵的经验，但是文章的52和53的强烈转折是本文的关键，作者不认为自己是失败，相反由于自己遵从老师的话而坚持下来是成功的，对自己是一次非常宝贵的经验。所以注意分析作者的写作意图对于成功做题是非常有益的。
36．答案：A [从语境和动词选项看，这里用动词filled表示“使某物充满(另一物)；装满”：大厅里坐满了前来观看表演的家人，也充满了兴奋的气氛。]
37．答案：D [从语境的“大厅里充满兴奋的气氛，坐满了家人”可知他们是来看我表演。因此语境表示7岁的我成为大家关注的中心，用the center of attention表示“大家关注的中心”。pressure压力；impression印象；debate争论，三项均不符合语境。]
38．答案：B [最终，在几周的准备之后，我将通过舞蹈表演来展示我辛勤劳动的成果。show off显示，炫耀；take over接管；look after照看；give up放弃，从语境的连贯性判断选B表示“展示”。]
39．答案：D [经过几个星期的准备，我此时准备在大家面前露一手。由此判断，此时的“我”觉得一切都会很完美。所以选D]
40．答案：A [下文说节目主持人用嘹亮而清晰的声音宣布接下来就是我们班级的表演，由此判断，“我”在后台穿好了表演服装。dress up 盛装打扮；fold up 折叠；cover up盖住，遮住；mix up混淆。]
41．答案：C [这里表示节目演出中主持人宣布演出的节目，因此选C。announce宣布，宣读。]
42．答案：B [既然是登台表演，面对的自然是观众(the audience)，而不是“音乐、幕布、舞台”，故选B。]
43．答案：A [语境说“我的微笑，我的头抬得高高的”，可见作者此时非常自得，满脸都是绽放的微笑，因此选A，“这个动作太容易了”。本句为后面叙述我的失误埋下伏笔。]
44．答案：D [从语境看，我这个小演员此时踌躇满志，决定好好地表演一番，于是把注意力全都集中在如何使我的微笑不消失。]
45．答案：C [这里用where引导状语从句表示地点：我只顾着笑对观众，却没有注意自己的脚下。]
46．答案：B [从最后一段最后一句I slipped during a performance我在这次舞蹈表演中跌倒。可知选B。]
47．答案：A [我没有注意同伴们的动作，结果表演出错，引来观众的一片嘲笑，此时我感到一股热血往脸上涌来，也就是说，此时我的脸都觉得发烫，脸红了。从这些分析判断选A。]
48．答案：D [虽然出错，但保持微笑可以使观众不注意到你的错误。leave离开，cheer欢呼，believe相信，均不符合语境。故选D。]
49．答案：C [根据后文as I continued with the routine(在我继续进行舞蹈动作)可知我努力按老师说的做。follow one’s advice按某人说的做。因此选C。]
50．答案：B [由于表演中出错，幕布降落，演出结束，我的希望随着幕布降落而破灭。所以选B。doubt疑惑；voice声音；patience耐心，均与语境不符。]
51．答案：D [从tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face(品尝着顺着脸往下流的眼泪的咸味)得知此处应该是哭泣。故选D。]
52．答案：B [从前文I sobbed bitterly(我哭得很伤心)得知没有人能够让我平静下来。turn sb. down拒绝某人；let down使失望；put down放下；只有calm down(使平静)符合语境。故选B。]
53．答案：A [从最后一段I finished the routine with a smile on my face.(我面带微笑完成舞蹈动作。)可以看出虽然我有失误，但我依然按要求完成了舞蹈动作，并没有因失误半途而废。虽败犹荣。pioneer先驱；loser输家；fool傻瓜，都不符合短文内容，故被排除。所以选A。]
54．答案：C [根据第二段第七句的and I felt the blood rush to my face(并且我感到脸一下子红了)推知我很尴尬。satisfied感到满意的；moved感动的；confused迷惑不解的。都不能准确描述我的感受，应该排除。故选C。]
55．答案：B [从but I fought the urge to run off the stage(但是我克制了想离开舞台的想法)和I finished the routine with a smile on my face(我面带微笑完成舞蹈动作)看出有转折并进一步说明之意。however然而，只表示转折；in total总计；in return作为回报，均不符合语境，所以被排除。因此选B。]
【解决方案与复习指南】
在第一遍浏览文章时要尽量用笔画出文眼——即文章的关键点，然后用这些点串全文，力图正确理解作者的意图。如：
Robert Moody, 52, is an experienced police officer, Much of his work involves dealing with__16__gang(团伙)problems in the schools of his community. Knowing that many kids often__17__trouble, he decided to do something about it. So in 1991 he began to invite small groups of kids to go fishing with him on his day__18__.
Those fun trips had a(n)__19__impact. A chance encounter in 2000 proved that. One day, __20__working security at a school basketball game, Moody noticed two young guys__21__. He sensed trouble between them.__22__one of them headed toward Moody and gave him a hug. “I__23__you. You took me__24__when I was in fifth grade. That was one of the__25__days of my life.”
Deeply touched by the boy’s words, Moody decided to create a foundation (基金会)that__26__teenagers to the basics of fishing in camping programs. “As a policeman, I saw__27__there was violence, drugs were always behind it. They have a damaging__28__on the kids，” says Moody.
By turning kids on to fishing, he__29__to present an alternative way of life，“When you’re sitting there waiting for a__30__，” he says, “you can’t help but talk to each other, and such__31__can be pretty deep.”
“Talking about drugs helped prepare me for the peer (同龄人)pressures in high school，” says Michelle, who__32__the first program.“And I was able to help my little brother__33__drugs.”
Moody faces__34__in three years, when he hopes to run the foundation full-time. “I’m living a happy life and I have a responsibility to my__35__to give back，” Moody says.“If I teach a kid to fish today, he can teach his brother to fish tomorrow.”(2010·天津卷)
16．A.drinking
B．drug
C．security
D．smoking
17．A.ran into
B．got over
C．left behind
D．looked into
18．A.ahead
B．away
C．off
D．out
19．A.immediate
B．damaging
C．limited
D．lasting
20．A.once
B．while
C．since
D．until
21．A.quarreling
B．complaining
C．talking
D．cheering
22．A.Slowly
B．Suddenly
C．Finally
D．Secretly
23．A.understand
B．hear
C．see
D．remember
24．A.fishing
B．sailing
C．boating
D．swimming
25．A.quietest
B．longest
C．best
D．busiest
26．A.connects
B．introduces
C．reduces
D．commits
27．A.where
B．unless
C．as
D．whether
28．A.impression
B．burden
C．decision
D．impact
29．A.asked
B．intended
C．pretended
D．agreed
30．A.solution
B．change
C．bite
D．surprise
31．A.concerns
B．interests
C．conversations
D．emotions
32．A.participated in
B．worked out
C．approved of
D．made up
33．A.misuse
B．avoid
C．tolerate
D．test
34．A.unemployment
B．challenge
C．competition
D．retirement
35．A.team
B．school
C．family
D．community
16．答案：B [从文章第三和第五段的内容可知Moody主要负责青少年的吸毒问题。]
17．答案：A [该句意为“Moody了解到孩子们经常陷入麻烦，所以他决定采取措施”。A.进入，陷入；B.克服；C.落后；D.调查。]
18．答案：C [Moody采取的措施是利用休息时间带一部分孩子出去钓鱼。on his day off意为“在他的业余时间”；on his day away/ out意为“他不在的时候，外出的时候”，不合题意。]
19．答案： D [第二段讲了一个曾和Moody钓鱼的孩子多年以后依然感激他的事情，表明这个钓鱼的策划影响深远，因此。选D 。]
20．答案：B [设空处前是一个时间状语，该处需选一个能和后面working连用的连词，因此选while。]
21．答案：A [从下句中He sensed trouble来看，Moody应该是注意到了两个男生在争吵，所以选quarreling。 B．抱怨；C.谈话；D.欢呼。]
22．答案：B [此空为句首副词，承上启下，按照故事发展，前面两个孩子吵架，看到Moody就突然过来拥抱他，应该是很突然的，所以选Suddenly。]
23．答案：D [这个男孩后面说五年级的时候Moody曾经带他去钓鱼，时隔已久，所以应该是记得Moody，所以选remember。A.理解；B.听见；C.看见。]
24．答案：A [从第一段最后一句可知Moody曾经带孩子们去钓鱼。]
25．答案：C [根据前面孩子拥抱Moody的表现来看，那应该是幸福美好的记忆，所以选best。]
26．答案：B [从设空处后面的the basics of fishing来看，该基金会主要是向孩子们介绍基本钓鱼入门知识，所以选introduces。A.连接；C.减少；D.委托，承诺。]
27．答案：A [“凡是有暴力的地方，往往背后有毒品“，所以设空处缺少一个地点状语的引导词，即where。B.除非；C.因为；D.是否，均不符合题意。]
28．答案：D [该句承接上文，意为“毒品对孩子们的危害影响极大”，短语have a damaging impact on sb.意为“对某人有很坏的影响”。A.印象；B.负担；C.决定。]
29．答案：B [第四段讲Moody通过把孩子们的注意力到转移钓鱼上的措施，目的在于展现给孩子们另一种生活选择。所以设空处表示的是此举的目的，所以选intended (to)“意图在于”。A.询问；C.假装；D.同意。]
30．答案：C [Moody 说在钓鱼的时候，只能是等着鱼咬钩，所以选bite。A.解决办法；B.改变；D.惊讶。]
