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Unit 16 Stories
知识清单
重点单词 1.________ vt.保护；保存→________n．保护；保存
2．________n. 建筑→________n．建筑师
3．________adj. 反常的；不正常的→________ adj. 正常的4．________vt.使泄气；使灰心→________adj. 泄气的；灰心的→________ adj. 令人泄气的5．________vt.钦佩；羡慕→________adj. 令人钦佩的；极佳的→________n．钦佩；欣赏
6．________v．遭受(痛苦)→________n．痛苦；苦难
7．________v．鼓掌→________n．鼓掌
8．________adj.明显的；显而易见的→________adv.看来；显然
9．________n．重要性； 意义→________adj.重要的
10．________vt.放弃；遗弃→________adj.被丢弃的；被遗弃的
重点短语 1.________on 指望；依靠 2.come into________出现3．end________最终成为；最后处于
4.come________偶然遇见5．________up 断绝关系；分成小部分
6.________out 试验
7．put up ________容忍；忍受
8.hold________支撑起
9．now________既然；由于
重点句式 1.However, much more than buildings and objects, it_is the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster that have made the city a monument to human history. 2．It_was_the_first_time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn't touch.
核心语法 1.过去完成时
2．get / have ＋宾语＋过去分词
自我
重点单词：
1．preserve; preservation 2.architecture; architect 3.abnormal; normal 4.discourage; discouraged; discouraging 5.admire; admirable; admiration 6.suffer; suffering 7.applaud; applause 8.apparent; apparently 9.significance; significant
10．abandon; abandoned
重点短语：
1．count 2.view / being 3.up 4.across 5.split 6.try 7.with 8.up 9.that
1．abandon
vt. 放弃；遗弃；抛弃 n. 放任；放纵
abandon oneself to
沉湎于(相当于be addicted to)
abandon one's country
背弃祖国
abandon one's friend
背弃朋友
abandon a bad habit
戒除恶习
abandon one's hope / plan / idea
放弃某人的希望/计划/主意
with abandon
放纵地；肆意地
abandoned adj.
被遗弃的；自暴自弃的；无耻的；堕落的
abandonment
n.
遗弃；抛弃
1)The match ________ ________ because of bad weather. 比赛因天气恶劣而取消。
2)He ________ ________ ________ despair. 他陷入绝望中。
3)The broken bike was found ________ by the riverside. 人们发现那辆损坏的自行车被扔在河边。
4)________ ship or ________ hope. 不弃船，必死无疑。(要么放弃船要么放弃希望。)
【答案】 1)was abandoned 2)abandoned himself to
3)abandoned 4)Abandon; abandon
(1)用abandon的适当形式填空
1)我们必须力劝吸烟的人戒掉这个习惯。
We must urge people who smoke to ________ ________ ________.
2)我放弃了当医生的梦想。
I abandoned________ ________ ________ ________ a doctor.
3)那位年轻人除了沉溺于玩乐什么都不做。
The young man does nothing but ________ ________ ________ pleasure.
【答案】 1)abandon the habit 2)my dream of being
3)abandon himself to
(2)名校押题
1)(2010湖南示范性高中高三3月联考)The project had to be abandoned largely ________ a lack of government funding.
A．according to
B．due to
C．in the name of
D．in the eyes of
【答案与解析】 B 考查短语辨析。题意：主要由于缺乏政府资金而使得这项工程被迫放弃。according to“根据”；due to“由于”；in the name of“以……名义”；in the eyes of“在……心目中；从……来看”。
2)(2010无锡模拟)Five days after the earthquake, rescuers ________
all hope of finding any more survivors.
A．abandoned
B．accumulated
C．attached
D．advocated
【答案与解析】 A abandon “放弃”； accumulate “积累”； attach “附加”； advocate “提倡”。A项符合题意。
2．preserve vt. 保护；保存；保养；贮存
preserve...from... 保护……以免……
preservation n. 保存；保管
preservative n. 防腐剂
1)We must encourage the planting of trees ________ ________ our existing forests. 我们必须鼓励植树并且保护现有的森林。
2)We will do everything ________ ________ peace. 我们将尽一切努力维护和平。
【答案】 1)and preserve 2)to preserve
(1)完成句子
1)The government ________ ________ ________ of the individual person. 政府保护个人的权利不受侵犯。
2)Salt and spices help ________ ________ ________. 盐和调味品有助于贮存肉类。
【答案】 1)preserves the rights 2)to preserve meat
(2)名校押题
(2010湖北百校联考) In summer, large crops of fruit may be ________ by freezing or bottling.
A．prevented
B．Preserved
C．reserved
D．protected
【答案与解析】 B preserve“储藏；保存”，主要指防止(食物)腐败，强调使不受破坏。
3．witness vt.当场见到；目击；为……作证 vi.作证 n．目击者；证人；证据
give witness on behalf of sb
替某人作证
be a witness to...
是……的目击者
witness to sth / doing sth
作证/证明某事/做某事
bear / give witness to sth 作证；证明某事
1)I was ________ ________
________their quarrel. 我是他们吵架时的目击者。
2)We were ________ the most important scientific development of the century. 我们正见证着本世纪最重要的科学进展。
3)I________ the traffic accident. 我目睹了那次交通事故。
4)He ________ ________ having seen the man enter the building. 他作为证明看到那个男人进入这个建筑物的证人。
【答案】 1)a witness to 2)witnessing 3)witnessed
4)witnessed to
(1)用witness的适当形式填空
1)The police found the ________ ________the murder case.
2)Life without a friend is death without ________.
【答案】 1)witness to 2)witness
(2)名校押题
(2010 江西南康中学高三9月月考)Our country has________great changes in the past 20 years , which are the result of reform and opening－up.
A．appeared
B．happened
C．taken place
D．witnessed
【答案与解析】 D 考查动词词义辨析。首先要选择及物动词，而appear，happen，take place都是不及物动词，同时只有witness合适。题意：我们国家见证了过去20年间所经历的巨大变化，这是改革开放的结果。
4．occur vi. 发生；出现，存在；被想起；浮现
occurance n. 发生的事情；存在的事情；发生；存在；出现
occur to sb发生在某人身上
It occurs to sb to do sth某人想起做某事；某人突然想起……
1)That plane crash ________ only minutes after take－off. 那飞机在起飞几分钟后就撞毁了。
2)A brilliant idea________ ________ me.＝ A brilliant idea________ ________ me.＝ A brilliant idea ________ me. 我想到一个极好的主意。
3)It ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ he might be in trouble. 我怎么也没有想到他会遇上麻烦。
4)Misprints ________ on every page. 每页都有印刷错误。
【答案】 1)occurred 2)occurred to; came to; struck 3)never occurred to me that 4)occur
occur, happen, take place和come about
occur较正式，既可以指自然发生，也可以指有意安排。
happen一般用语，强调事情发生的偶然性。
take place “发生；举行”，指事先计划安排好的事情。
come about侧重事情发生的原因，常与how连用。
以上单词或词组都没有被动语态用法。
(1)用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
1)When did the accident________？
2)It ______ _______ me that he might agree with the idea.
3)The concert will ________ ________next Sunday.
4)How did the quarrel ________？
5)It ________ ________ her that she might adopt a homeless child.
【答案】 1)happen 2)occurred / came to 3)take place
4)come about 5)occurred
(2)名校押题
(2011山东实验中学月考)I________along the street looking for a place to park when the accident________.
A．went; was occurring
B．went; occurred
C．was going; occurred
D．was going; had occurred
【答案与解析】 C 考查时态。题意：我正沿着街道找停车位，这时发生了交通事故。此处是when (这时；突然)句式之一“be about to do when...”。
5．burst vi. 爆裂；爆发
n. 突然破裂；爆发
burst forth 突然出现；突然爆发出；突然喊出
burst into “突然闯入；突然……起来”，后通常接具有动作意义的名词。
burst out“突然……起来”，后通常接动词的－ing形式。
1)There was no water in the room because the pipe________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 房间里没水了，因为水管在寒冷的冬天爆裂了。
2)As he finished his speech, the audience _______ ______ _______. 他结束讲话时，观众中爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。
3)Suddenly the door________ ________ and police officers carrying guns rushed in. 突然房间被撞开，武装警察携枪闯了进来。
【答案】 1)burst in the cold winter 2)burst into applause 3)burst open
(1)完成句子
1)她一听到这悲伤的消息，就失声痛哭。
Scarcely had she heard the sad story when she________ ________ ________.＝ Scarcely had she heard the sad story when she ________ ________ ________.
2)看到所发生的事情他大笑了起来。
Seeing what had happened, he ________ ________ ________.＝ Seeing what had happened he ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 1)burst out crying; burst into tears 2)burst out laughing; burst into laughter
(2)名校押题
1)(2010 江苏泰州一模) Struggling unsuccessfully to control himself，Mr Smith ________ a loud and long sigh.
A．burst into
B．burst out
C．burst down D．burst up
【答案与解析】 B burst into后接名词；burst out后接动词的－ing形式。
2)(2010杭州模拟)Both ________ and ________ laughter do harm to your health.
A．burst out crying; burst into
B．to burst out tears; to burst into
C．bursting into tears; bursting into
D．bursting into crying; bursting out
【答案与解析】 C burst out crying / laughing; burst into tears / laughter表示“突然哭/笑起来”之意，这两个短语作主语，故用－ing形式。
6．expand vt.使变大；使增强vi.膨胀；扩张；增加；增强
expanse n. [C]广阔区域
expansion n. [U]膨胀；扩张
expansive adj. 友好的；可扩大的
1)The hotel wants to ________ its business by adding a swimming pool.宾馆想通过添加一个游泳池来扩大业务。
2)We have plans to ________ into the US market.我们打算扩展业务进入美国市场。
【答案】 1)expand 2)expand
expand, extend, increase和spread
expand为最普通用语，主要指物体由于外力或内力的作用而使面积、体积、数量等变大，也可以用于抽象事物。
extend本义为“伸展”，一般引申为“扩展范围、领域”等。用于比喻意义时，表示影响、势力和范围都超过目前。
另外，extend也可用于拉长，拉宽等其他引申意义，此时常可与stretch互换使用。
increase指数量、尺寸、大小等增大，通常与数据连用(如增加到；增加幅度等)。
spread“传播”，通常指消息、疾病、细菌等扩散、传播开来。
The coffee shop may expand into a full restaurant.那家咖啡店将可能扩展成为一家完善的餐馆。
Parking restrictions do not extend to (＝ include) disabled people.停车限制不适用于残疾人。
I need to extend my visa (＝ make it last longer)．我需要延长我的签证期。
Investments are certain to increase in value.投资一定会增值。
The salary is 18,000 yuan a year, increasing by 3,000 yuan.年薪是一万八千元，增加了三千元。
Are you spreading rumours again？你又在散播谣言吗？
(1)单项填空
After some further discussion between Kitty and Tammy about________ the village school system to other communities around Hebe, Kitty and I left.
A．expanding
B．extending
C．increasing
D．spreading
【答案与解析】 B 考查动词辨析。题意：在Kitty和Tammy就村级学校体制推广到赫柏周边的其他社区进行了进一步商讨之后，我和Kitty就离开了。extend“扩展；延伸(范围)”。
(2)名校押题
(2010湖南师大附中月考)Bad habits should be ________ that will do you harm.
A．expanded
B．abandoned
C．released
D．reminded
【答案与解析】 B 题意：对你有害的坏习惯应当抛弃。abandon“抛弃；放弃”；expand“扩张”；release“发行；释放”；remind“提醒”。
7．eager adj. 渴望的；热心的
be eager for sth 渴望得到……；热切
be eager to do sth 渴望做某事
be eager for sb to do sth 渴望某人干某事
be eager ＋ that从句 渴望……
1)He ________ ________ ________ success. 他渴望成功。
2)She ________ ________ ________ see her son. 她渴望见到儿子。
3)Tom ________ ________ ________ you to come to the party. 汤姆期待你来参加晚会。
4)The manager ________ ________
that the project (should) be started early. 经理热切盼望这项计划能早日进行。
