【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
专题八 动词的时态与 语态 专题 八 │动词的时态与语态 专题导读 专题 八 │ 专题导读
时态的考查主要集中在完成时、进行时等主要时态的掌握上。要求学生熟练掌握几种主要时态的基本概念，解题时要充分挖掘时间副词、短语、时间状语从句提供的信息。 在复习时应注意以下几点：(1)吃透语境，摸清作者的意图；(2)准确判断动作和时间的关系(即动作是在什么时间发生的)；(3)正确理解时间概念(大的时间：现在、过去、将来；小的时间：时间段、时间点、时间瞬间)；(4)找准相关时态时间之间的交叉点。例如：一般现在时，现在进行时(现在时间的交叉点)。 专题 八 │ 专题导读
高考对被动语态的考查热点主要是及物动词在被动语态中的使用。被动语态与主动语态一样，也有多种时态。被动语态的完成时态和进行时态中，考生往往漏掉been或being。因此被动语态的各种常用时态的构成，仍是高考命题的热点之一。时态与语态连用也是高考题的一个考点。一个题目同时交叉考查几个语法知识点是近几年高考的一个趋势。具体说来，在解题时要遵循以下思路： 专题 八 │ 专题导读
1．这个动作可能发生在什么时间？题干句中可参照的时间信息有哪些？
2．这个动作处于什么状态，是进行中，还是已结束(完成)？限制或修饰这个动作的状语信息有哪些？
3．这个动作与主语的关系，是主动还是被动？ 只要全面细致地考虑了这些问题，试题的正确答案也就水落石出了。 真题再现 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()1. [2010·上海] The church tower which ________ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A．has restored
B．has been restored
C．is restoring
D．is being restored
D 本题考查被动语态。restore意为“修复”，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案选D。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()2. [2010·福建] —Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
—How nice! You ________ a different culture then.
A．will be experiencing
B．have experienced
C．have been experiencing
D．will have experienced
专题 八 │ 真题再现
A 考查动词时态。由第一句可知：我们已经得到了暑假去英国旅行的短期签证，再由第二句中then可知：这是对去英国旅行的美好祝愿，动作尚未发生。因此时态应为将来进行时。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()3. [2010·安徽] —Were you surprised by the ending of the film?
—No. I ________ the book, so I already knew the story.
A．was reading
B．had read
C．am reading
D．have read
B 考查时态。句意为：“你对电影结果感到吃惊吗？”“不，我已经读过这本书，所以我已知道了这个故事。”“读书”是在“看电影”之前，故用过去完成时。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()4. [2010·北京] —I’m sorry, but I don’t quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?
—Sorry, I ________ myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A．hadn’t made
B．wouldn’t make
C．don’t make
D．haven’t made
D 本题考查时态和情景交际。答句意为“抱歉，我还没有把我的意思表达明白”，强调对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时态。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()5. [2010·湖南] I walked slowly through the market, where people ________ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A．sell
B．were selling
C．had sold
D．have sold
B 考查动词时态。根据“I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判断此处表示“人们当时正在出售各种水果和蔬菜”，即表示过去某时正在发生的动作，故选B。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()6. [2010·湖南] I’m tired out.
I ________ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.
A．shopped
B．have shopped
C．had shopped
D．have been shopping
D 考查动词时态。句意为：我现在很累。我整个下午一直在购物，我好像什么事都没做成似的。由语境可判断选D。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()7. [2010·上海] Every few years, the coal workers ________ their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
A．are having
B．have
C．have had
D．had had
B 本题考查时态。根据时间状语every few years，可判断本句应为一般现在时，因此答案选B。
专题 八 │ 真题再现
()8. [2010·天津] We ________ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A．are working
B．have been working
C．worked
D．had worked
B 考查动词的时态。现在完成进行时表示一直在干某件事，表示动作的连续和延续。
专题 八 │ 真题再现
()9. [2010·天津] Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting ________ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.
A．are exhibiting
B．is exhibiting
C．are being exhibited
D．is being exhibited
C 考查现在进行时的被动语态的主谓一致。traditional folk arts of Tianjin 是真正的主语，与后面like paper cutting 无关。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()10. [2010·江苏] —Why, Jack, you look so tired!
—Well, I ________ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A．was painting
B．will be painting
C．have painted
D．have been painting
D 本题考查时态。根据后句and I must finish the work tomorrow可以推断“动作还将继续”；have done表示“动作已经完成”；have been doing表示“动作从过去开始延续到现在，而且可能还将继续”，所以选择D项。 专题预测 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()1.Up to now, thousands of people ________ possible ideas on how to clean up the oil in the Gulf of Mexico.
A．have submitted
B．submitted
C．will submit
D．are submitting
A 考查动词的时态。由时间状语up to now可以看出，该题应该用现在完成时。句意为：到目前为止，成千上万的人们已经提交了关于如何清理墨西哥湾泄漏的石油的可能的办法。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()2.—I want to pay a visit to your house this time tomorrow.
—I’m afraid I will not be available, for I ________ an important meeting.
A．will have attended
B．will be attending
C．attend
D．am attending
B 考查动词的时态。答语中承前省略了时间状语“this time tomorrow”，指下明那个时候正在开会，所以用将来进行时态。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()3.—Carol and Jessie don’t seem to be getting on well with each other now. Why is that?
—It is said that Carol ________ by Jessie.
A．has felt betrayed
B．is feeling betrayed
C．feels betrayed
D．will feel betrayed
A 考查动词时态。因为Carol感觉自己被Jessie出卖了，因此跟对方关系不好，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()4.—Last night I greeted Bob on the street, but he ignored me.
—Perhaps he ________ something and ________ you.
A．thought about；didn’t notice
B．was thinking about；wasn’t noticing
C．was thinking about；didn’t notice
D．thought about：hasn’t noticed
C 考查动词的时态。根据语境，think about是当时进行的动作，所以用过去进行时；notice在句中陈述过去所发生的动作，用一般过去式。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()5.They are going to visit the professor we ________ in the library the other day.
A．meet
B．have met
C．would meet
D．met
D 考查动词的时态。由the other day“前几天”可知应用一般过去时。句意为：他们打算去拜访几天前我们在图书管里遇见的那位教授。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()6.—What’s the problem, sir?
—You ________ at least at a speed of about 100 miles per hour.
A．are driving
B．drove
C．were driving
D．have driven
C 考查动词的时态。句意为：“出什么问题了吗，先生？”“您的车速至少达到了每小时约100英里。”从暗含的意思可推测该车主超速驾驶了，所以应该是被拦下时发生的对话，所以超速应该是强调刚才正在发生，所以用过去进行时。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()7.In recent years, the singer isn’t as popular as he once was, and his latest album ________ only five thousand copies.
A．is sold
B．is selling
C．sold
D．was sold
C 考查动词的时态与语态。动词sell在本句中用主动语态表被动。句意为：最近几年里，这位歌手不如从前受欢迎，他的最新专辑只卖了5 000张。“卖掉”是过去发生的动作，应用过去时
专题 八 │ 专题预测
()8.Professor Baker, who ________the research of wild animals all his life, ________ to give a speech in our school next week.
A．has devoted to；is supposed
B．is devoted to；will be supposed
C．has been devoted to；is supposed
D．had devoted to；will be supposed
C 考查动词的时态和语态。devote是及物动词，A和D项为主动形式，后不带宾语，直接跟to不正确，从句中的all his life表明要用现在完成时。短语be supposed to do表示“应该，被期望”，指期望将来发生的动作，与next week照应。句意为：Baker教授一生致力于野生动物的研究，下周有望在我们学校做报告。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()9.— Did you telephone Uncle Sam our plan for the Christmas holidays on his farm?
—Yes, he was happy about our arrival, and he eagerly asked when ________.
A．had we arrived
B．we had arrived
C．were we arriving
D．we were arriving
D 考查动词的时态。语境提供过去的时间点，在那时将要发生的事情，所以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的事情。此外，由于疑问句作asked的宾语从句，所以要用陈述语序。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()10.—What did you say?
—So you ________ to me.
A．won’t listen
B．hadn’t listen
C．weren’t listening
D．haven’t listened
C 考查动词的时态。由语境可知，答语中省略了时间状语“when I said just now”，也就是说强调的是过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，所以要用过去进行时。
专题八 动词的时态与 语态 专题 八 │动词的时态与语态 专题导读 专题 八 │ 专题导读
时态的考查主要集中在完成时、进行时等主要时态的掌握上。要求学生熟练掌握几种主要时态的基本概念，解题时要充分挖掘时间副词、短语、时间状语从句提供的信息。 在复习时应注意以下几点：(1)吃透语境，摸清作者的意图；(2)准确判断动作和时间的关系(即动作是在什么时间发生的)；(3)正确理解时间概念(大的时间：现在、过去、将来；小的时间：时间段、时间点、时间瞬间)；(4)找准相关时态时间之间的交叉点。例如：一般现在时，现在进行时(现在时间的交叉点)。 专题 八 │ 专题导读
高考对被动语态的考查热点主要是及物动词在被动语态中的使用。被动语态与主动语态一样，也有多种时态。被动语态的完成时态和进行时态中，考生往往漏掉been或being。因此被动语态的各种常用时态的构成，仍是高考命题的热点之一。时态与语态连用也是高考题的一个考点。一个题目同时交叉考查几个语法知识点是近几年高考的一个趋势。具体说来，在解题时要遵循以下思路： 专题 八 │ 专题导读
1．这个动作可能发生在什么时间？题干句中可参照的时间信息有哪些？
2．这个动作处于什么状态，是进行中，还是已结束(完成)？限制或修饰这个动作的状语信息有哪些？
3．这个动作与主语的关系，是主动还是被动？ 只要全面细致地考虑了这些问题，试题的正确答案也就水落石出了。 真题再现 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()1. [2010·上海] The church tower which ________ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A．has restored
B．has been restored
C．is restoring
D．is being restored
D 本题考查被动语态。restore意为“修复”，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案选D。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()2. [2010·福建] —Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
—How nice! You ________ a different culture then.
A．will be experiencing
B．have experienced
C．have been experiencing
D．will have experienced
专题 八 │ 真题再现
A 考查动词时态。由第一句可知：我们已经得到了暑假去英国旅行的短期签证，再由第二句中then可知：这是对去英国旅行的美好祝愿，动作尚未发生。因此时态应为将来进行时。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()3. [2010·安徽] —Were you surprised by the ending of the film?
—No. I ________ the book, so I already knew the story.
A．was reading
B．had read
C．am reading
D．have read
B 考查时态。句意为：“你对电影结果感到吃惊吗？”“不，我已经读过这本书，所以我已知道了这个故事。”“读书”是在“看电影”之前，故用过去完成时。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()4. [2010·北京] —I’m sorry, but I don’t quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?
—Sorry, I ________ myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A．hadn’t made
B．wouldn’t make
C．don’t make
D．haven’t made
D 本题考查时态和情景交际。答句意为“抱歉，我还没有把我的意思表达明白”，强调对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时态。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()5. [2010·湖南] I walked slowly through the market, where people ________ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A．sell
B．were selling
C．had sold
D．have sold
B 考查动词时态。根据“I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判断此处表示“人们当时正在出售各种水果和蔬菜”，即表示过去某时正在发生的动作，故选B。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()6. [2010·湖南] I’m tired out.
I ________ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.
A．shopped
B．have shopped
C．had shopped
D．have been shopping
D 考查动词时态。句意为：我现在很累。我整个下午一直在购物，我好像什么事都没做成似的。由语境可判断选D。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()7. [2010·上海] Every few years, the coal workers ________ their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
A．are having
B．have
C．have had
D．had had
B 本题考查时态。根据时间状语every few years，可判断本句应为一般现在时，因此答案选B。
专题 八 │ 真题再现
()8. [2010·天津] We ________ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A．are working
B．have been working
C．worked
D．had worked
B 考查动词的时态。现在完成进行时表示一直在干某件事，表示动作的连续和延续。
专题 八 │ 真题再现
()9. [2010·天津] Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting ________ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.
A．are exhibiting
B．is exhibiting
C．are being exhibited
D．is being exhibited
C 考查现在进行时的被动语态的主谓一致。traditional folk arts of Tianjin 是真正的主语，与后面like paper cutting 无关。 专题 八 │ 真题再现
()10. [2010·江苏] —Why, Jack, you look so tired!
—Well, I ________ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A．was painting
B．will be painting
C．have painted
D．have been painting
D 本题考查时态。根据后句and I must finish the work tomorrow可以推断“动作还将继续”；have done表示“动作已经完成”；have been doing表示“动作从过去开始延续到现在，而且可能还将继续”，所以选择D项。 专题预测 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()1.Up to now, thousands of people ________ possible ideas on how to clean up the oil in the Gulf of Mexico.
A．have submitted
B．submitted
C．will submit
D．are submitting
A 考查动词的时态。由时间状语up to now可以看出，该题应该用现在完成时。句意为：到目前为止，成千上万的人们已经提交了关于如何清理墨西哥湾泄漏的石油的可能的办法。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()2.—I want to pay a visit to your house this time tomorrow.
—I’m afraid I will not be available, for I ________ an important meeting.
A．will have attended
B．will be attending
C．attend
D．am attending
B 考查动词的时态。答语中承前省略了时间状语“this time tomorrow”，指下明那个时候正在开会，所以用将来进行时态。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()3.—Carol and Jessie don’t seem to be getting on well with each other now. Why is that?
—It is said that Carol ________ by Jessie.
A．has felt betrayed
B．is feeling betrayed
C．feels betrayed
D．will feel betrayed
A 考查动词时态。因为Carol感觉自己被Jessie出卖了，因此跟对方关系不好，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()4.—Last night I greeted Bob on the street, but he ignored me.
—Perhaps he ________ something and ________ you.
A．thought about；didn’t notice
B．was thinking about；wasn’t noticing
C．was thinking about；didn’t notice
D．thought about：hasn’t noticed
C 考查动词的时态。根据语境，think about是当时进行的动作，所以用过去进行时；notice在句中陈述过去所发生的动作，用一般过去式。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()5.They are going to visit the professor we ________ in the library the other day.
A．meet
B．have met
C．would meet
D．met
D 考查动词的时态。由the other day“前几天”可知应用一般过去时。句意为：他们打算去拜访几天前我们在图书管里遇见的那位教授。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()6.—What’s the problem, sir?
—You ________ at least at a speed of about 100 miles per hour.
A．are driving
B．drove
C．were driving
D．have driven
C 考查动词的时态。句意为：“出什么问题了吗，先生？”“您的车速至少达到了每小时约100英里。”从暗含的意思可推测该车主超速驾驶了，所以应该是被拦下时发生的对话，所以超速应该是强调刚才正在发生，所以用过去进行时。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()7.In recent years, the singer isn’t as popular as he once was, and his latest album ________ only five thousand copies.
A．is sold
B．is selling
C．sold
D．was sold
C 考查动词的时态与语态。动词sell在本句中用主动语态表被动。句意为：最近几年里，这位歌手不如从前受欢迎，他的最新专辑只卖了5 000张。“卖掉”是过去发生的动作，应用过去时
专题 八 │ 专题预测
()8.Professor Baker, who ________the research of wild animals all his life, ________ to give a speech in our school next week.
A．has devoted to；is supposed
B．is devoted to；will be supposed
C．has been devoted to；is supposed
D．had devoted to；will be supposed
C 考查动词的时态和语态。devote是及物动词，A和D项为主动形式，后不带宾语，直接跟to不正确，从句中的all his life表明要用现在完成时。短语be supposed to do表示“应该，被期望”，指期望将来发生的动作，与next week照应。句意为：Baker教授一生致力于野生动物的研究，下周有望在我们学校做报告。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()9.— Did you telephone Uncle Sam our plan for the Christmas holidays on his farm?
—Yes, he was happy about our arrival, and he eagerly asked when ________.
A．had we arrived
B．we had arrived
C．were we arriving
D．we were arriving
D 考查动词的时态。语境提供过去的时间点，在那时将要发生的事情，所以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的事情。此外，由于疑问句作asked的宾语从句，所以要用陈述语序。 专题 八 │ 专题预测
()10.—What did you say?
—So you ________ to me.
A．won’t listen
B．hadn’t listen
C．weren’t listening
D．haven’t listened
C 考查动词的时态。由语境可知，答语中省略了时间状语“when I said just now”，也就是说强调的是过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，所以要用过去进行时。
