高三英语备考总复习人教版选修8同步练习：8-5

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　　Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors

　　.单词拼写

　　1．________(不知怎么地)the thieves had managed to get in through a tiny bathroom window.

　　2．The mayor________(称赞)the fireman's bravery in his speech.

　　3．Passengers were asked to________(确认)their own suitcases before they were put on the plane.

　　4．________(原始)people lived in caves and they often had to go hungry.

　　5．After a few years of practice, he became very________(熟练的)at drawing.

　　6．Your name has been d________from the list.

　　7．Don't hurry. We have a________time.

　　8．The results of this survey can be divided into three main c________.

　　9．He a________his speed, hoping to catch up with all the other athletes ahead of him.

　　10．Millions of people will face s________next year as a result of the drought.

　　答案：1.Somehow　2.applauded　3.identify　4.Primitive

　　5．skillful　6.deleted　7.ample　8.categories　9.accelerates

　　10．starvation

　　.完成句子

　　1．Whenever we are in trouble, we must________ ________(向前看)and encourage ourselves.

　　2．This job is open to all，________ ________(不管)previous experience.

　　3．The history of this country can________ ________ ______(追溯到)the Stone Age.

　　4．________ ________(要是……就好了)we could have a day off tomorrow.

　　5．________ ________(假定)the task is finished, where can we have a holiday?

　　答案：1.look ahead　2.regardless of　3.date back to/date from

　　4．If only　5.Assuming that

　　.单项填空

　　1．More attention is to be paid to energy exploration to find_____ ___energy.

　　A．traditional　B．alternative

　　C．available

　　D．inexpensive

　　答案：B　考查形容词。句意：为了找到可替代能源，人们将投入更多的注意力进行能源勘探。alternative energy“替代能源”。

　　2．—Is your husband good at cleaning up the room?

　　—Not very, but when it________cooking, he is much better than I am.

　　A．talks about

　　B．refers to

　　C．comes to

　　D．deals with

　　答案：C　考查句式。when it comes to doing sth.“当谈论到做某事时”。

　　3．—Any information about your son?

　　—No，if only I________those tough words to him.

　　A．didn't say

　　B．hadn't said

　　C．shouldn't have said

　　D．couldn't have said

　　答案：B　考查虚拟语气。if only引导从句应该使用虚拟语气。再由句意“要是我还没有对他说那些强硬的话该多好啊”可知，表示与过去的事实相反，因此用过去完成时。

　　4．The agent was________for carrying a false passport.

　　A．arrested

　　B．accused

　　C．charged

　　D．suspected

　　答案：A　考查动词辨析。accuse, suspect常与of连用；charge常与with连用，而arrest则与for连用。

　　5．I had given up hope of going to college________word came that I had been admitted to a famous British University.

　　A．while

　　B．when

　　C．so that

　　D．until

　　答案：B　had done...when...“刚刚……突然”。

　　6．—Did you meet with the famous space hero Yang Liwei?

　　—________I had come here earlier.

　　A．If only

　　B．If not

　　C．But for

　　D．For fear

　　答案：A　后句意为：要是我早来这里就好了！if only“要是……就好了。”

　　7．All living organisms(有机物)，________their unique identity, have biological, chemical and physical characteristics in common.

　　A．as a consequence of

　　B．for the sake of

　　C．in terms of

　　D．regardless of

　　答案：D　regardless of“不管；不顾”。

　　8．—May I take action to help those people whose village has been________by the flood?

　　—________.

　　A．cut off; By all means

　　B．cut up; By no means

　　C．cut down; Nothing can be better

　　D．cut across; No problem

　　答案：A　句意：“我可以采取行动帮助那些村庄被洪水切断的人吗？”“当然可以。”cut off“切断”，by all means“当然可以”。

　　9．________that you are chosen to be a volunteer at the London Olympic Games, what will you do?

　　A．Assumed

　　B．Assuming

　　C．To assume

　　D．To be assumed

　　答案：B　本题考查assume的非谓语形式，因为与句子主语之间是主动关系所以选B。

　　10．They are close friends and their friendship________college days.

　　A．dates back to

　　B．dates back

　　C．dates to

　　D．dates back from

　　答案：A　date back to＝date from“始于；追溯到……”。

　　11．The schoolmaster________the girl's bravery in his opening speech.

　　A．applauded

　　B．appeared

　　C．apologized

　　D．clapped

　　答案：A　applaud除了表示“鼓掌”之外，还可以表示“赞赏”。appear“出现”；apologize“道歉”；clap“拍手”。

　　12．Friends have trouble remembering________that Kevin Durant did for fun, other than basketball.

　　A．where it was

　　B．what it was

　　C．how it was

　　D．why it was

　　答案：B　考查强调句型。句意：朋友们在纳闷除了篮球，Kevin Durant做什么有趣。remember后接宾语从句，宾语从句应用陈述语气。“做什么”应用what，故选B项。

　　13．—I have got a headache.

　　—No wonder. You________in front of that computer too long.

　　A．work

　　B．are working

　　C．have been working

　　D．worked

　　答案：C　本题考查动词的时态。由I have got a headache现在完成时形式可知用现在完成进行时表示“从过去开始持续至今日还会进行下去”，体现过去开始的动作一直持续到现在或可能还要持续下去。

　　14．He hurried to the booking office only________that all the tickets had been sold out.

　　A．to tell

　　B．to be told

　　C．telling

　　D．told

　　答案：B　only to do表示“意想不到的结果”，表示出乎意料。

　　15．The firm was successfully run and________， he owed his success to the support of his friends.

　　A．looking back

　　B．looked back

　　C．to look back

　　D．when looked back

　　答案：A　考查非谓语动词。and连接的是he owed his success to the support of his friends，因此选looking back表时间。句意：公司经营得很好，回首过去，他把它归功于朋友的支持。

　　.阅读理解

　　(2010·鄂州市高三摸底考试)

　　“Around 500,000 years ago, at the Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian in Beijing's suburban Fangshan district, which is about 50 km from the city of Beijing, there lived early human beings，” says a China history textbook.

　　The textbook now has to be revised. New dating techniques suggest the remains of Peking Man—found in the 1920s—are over 200,000 years older than previously thought. What's important about that date, about 770,000 years ago, is that this was an ice age on Earth.

　　Over Earth's long history, there have been a number of times when ice and snow covered a large part of its surface. Such periods are known as ice ages.

　　Earth is in an ice age now. It started about 2 million years ago. Despite the many warm periods since then, scientists regard the whole time as one ice age because of the continuous existence of at least one large ice sheet—the one over Antarctica.

　　The new discovery was made by Chinese and US scientists. It suggests Peking Man is probably our oldest cold weather human being, said Darryl Granger, an atmospheric scientist at Purdue University whose research appears in Thursday's edition of the journal Nature.

　　The average yearly temperature at the time in that part of China was around the freezing mark, but it was too dry for an ice sheet, Granger said.

　　This raises a question. How did Peking Man survive the cold weather?

　　Rick Potts, a Smithsonian Institution human origins expert who wasn't involved in the research, raised three possibilities：

　　First, fire. Early findings showed signs of a fire in Peking Man's cave. But there has been debate about whether the fire was accidental or controlled.

　　Second, fur. There is no evidence that Peking Man used simple tools to make more formfitting clothes. It's more likely he wore animal fur.

　　Lastly, he may have developed gradually to handle the cold. Peking Man may have experienced physiological changes that allowed more blood to flow to his hands and legs, Potts said. “People in general who live in colder climates tend to be shorter and wider，” he explained.

　　Unlike the times of Peking Man, today the global temperature is rising due to the greenhouse effect. In the future, could humans develop to handle the warmth just as Peking Man did to fight the cold?

　　文章大意：最新研究发现北京人的年代应该是处于冰河世纪，比我们原先的估计早二十万年。

　　1．According to the new research, Peking Man actually dates back to________.

　　A．around 500,000 years ago

　　B．over 200,000 years ago

　　C．about 770,000 years ago

　　D．about 2 million years ago

　　答案：C　细节理解题。由第二段最后一句话“What's important about that date, about 770,000 years ago, is that this was an ice age on Earth.”可知。

　　2．What is the most important standard for scientists to decide an ice age?

　　A．The weather conditions.

　　B．The continuous existence of any large ice sheets.

　　C．The average yearly temperature.

　　D．The long period of snowfall.

　　答案：B　推理判断题。由第四段第三句话“...scientists regard the whole time as one ice age because of the continuous existence of at least one large ice sheet—the one over Antarctica.”可知。

　　3．Which of the following is TRUE of Peking Man?

　　A．He is the oldest human being.

　　B．He used fire to keep warm.

　　C．He wore formfitting clothes made from fur with simple tools.

　　D．He might have been shorter and wider than previously thought.

　　答案：D　推理判断题。由倒数第二段“People in general who live in colder climates tend to be shorter and wider”可推知，北京人可能比我们原先预计的要矮胖，这样才能与当时的气候相适应。

　　4．The passage can probably be found in________.

　　A．a history textbook

　　B．a scientific magazine

　　C．a research report

　　D．an entertainment newspaper

　　答案：B　推理判断题。由全文文章大意可推知。

　　Anthropologists are scientists that study people who often lived hundreds or even thousands of years ago. Items those men, women, and children left behind when they died—everything from clothing to jewelry and tools—tells anthropologists a lot. And sometimes even their words survive.

　　Experts believe that a discovery in Mexico is the oldest example of writing ever found in America. The people who created it probably lived 3 000 years ago, long before Christopher Columbus arrived in the New World.

　　Workers digging in a rock mine happened to notice a stone block with marks carved onto its surface. They found the large piece of stone near the city of Cascajal, Mexico, which was once the capital of an ancient people called the Olmec.

　　“There are signs on the block that seem to show objects used by the Olmec during their religious ceremonies，” says Dr Stephen Houston, of Brown University in the US. “There is a sign that looks very similar to a knife and another that looks like the chair of a King，” he explains.

　　Houston, an expert on the writing systems of ancient cultures, says the discovery is exciting because “it makes clear that the Olmec could read and write. It is like hearing voices from the past.”

　　But experts don't know exactly what the writing says. Finding other examples of Olmec writing could help decipher_the_puzzle.

　　“We could have whole sets of ancient writing which will basically make ancient people speak to us directly，” says Houston. “There are many puzzles to be solved, and this is just one of them.”

　　文章大意：前不久专家在墨西哥发现了刻在石块上的一种古老的文字，可能是一个叫Olmec的古老民族遗留下来的。但是由于样本太少，目前还无法识别文字表示的内容。

　　5．According to the passage, what items do scientists often use to learn more about the past?

　　A. Clothing and jewelry.

　　B. Books and stones.

　　C. Knives and chairs.

　　D. Items ancient people left.

　　答案：D　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可得知，过去遗留下来的东西可以作为借鉴。

　　6．What is important about the stone block mentioned in the passage?

　　A．It proves that people lived in this part of the world more than 3 000 years ago.

　　B．It allows scientists to translate the ancient language used in this area.

　　C．It is evidence of the oldest form of writing ever found in America.

　　D．It shows the people of the area have a written language.