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课时规范训练(单独成册)
训练(三十一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节)
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
Students in American schools learn from an early age to give presentations (演讲) as part of their regular classroom activities.Children as young as five years old often give brief talks about objects they bring in to school—called “show and tell，” and this training is a basis for later public speaking.Even so，many native Englishspeaking adults are afraid to speak or give presentations in front of a large group.
Speaking English in public meetings is necessary for many students and employees.The best way to improve is to practice public speaking in a friendly environment.Learners need to receive feedback about what they are doing well and about their mistakes.One group that gives members the chance to practice is Toastmasters.Toastmasters is an international organization that holds weekly meetings.At the meetings，members each give a speech and give others advice about their speeches and speaking style.
Charles LeBeau is a public speaking professor and consultant.He began his career in Japan in 1982.Currently，he teaches at two universities and at the Toshiba International Training Center.He has also written books on the subject.
初中学习网English language learners around the world use his book Speaking of Speech.Speaking of Speech tells about a method of teaching public speaking for nonnative speakers.Mr.LeBeau says a simple approach helps English learners.
“The approach that I’ve taken is to simplify and break it down.First if we look at a presentation，what’s going on，there are basically three messages that the presenter is giving the audience，all simultaneously (同时)．There’s what I call the physical message.Physical message is basically body language.It’s the way that my body，as a speaker，is talking to the audience.And then there’s also the visual message.The visual messages are the slides that we now make and show the audience.The third message is the story message.The story message is the content of our presentation.So another way we can think of the story messages is that it’s the verbal message，and it’s what we say to the audience.The story message also includes how we organize our ideas to present to the audience，” LeBeau said.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。在美国，学生从很小的时候开始，演讲就成为了他们日常班级活动的一部分，五岁的孩子就能够在班级里简短地介绍一些他们带来的日常东西，这种训练也成为了日后公共演讲的基础。即使如此，很多当地以英语为母语的人还是害怕在公众场合做大型演讲。
1．Which of the following statements is true?
A．The best way to improve is to practice public speaking in an unfriendly environment.
B．Toastmasters is an international organization that holds meetings every two weeks.
C．Only nonnative Englishspeaking adults are afraid to give presentations in front of a large group.
D．At the meetings of Toastmasters，members give not only a speech but also advice.
解析：选D。判断正误题。根据第二段中的“Toastmasters is an international organization that holds weekly meetings.At the meetings，members each give a speech and give others advice about their speeches and speaking style.”(Toastmasters是一个国际性的组织，每周都会举行会议。在会议上，每一个成员发表演讲，并对其他成员的演讲和说话风格提出意见。)可知答案为D。
2．What are the three messages given in Mr.LeBeau’s simple approach that helps English learners?
a．the physical message
b．the visual message
c．the story message
d．the verbal message
e．the basically body language
A．a，b，cB．b，c，d
C．a，b，e D．c，d，e
解析：选A。细节辨析题。根据最后一段中的“There’s what I call the physical message.”，“And then there’s also the visual message.”以及“The third message is the story message.”可知答案为A。
3．The book Speaking of Speech by Charles LeBeau is mainly intended for
.
A．children as young as five years old
B．nonnative English speakers
C．native English speakers only
D．students in American schools
解析：选B。细节辨析题。根据第四段中的“Speaking of Speech tells about a method of teaching public speaking for nonnative speakers.”(Speaking of Speech介绍了母语不是英语的人该如何做公共演讲的方法。)可知答案为B。
高中学习网 www.gkxx.com4．Which could be the best title for this passage?
A．Necessity of Speaking English in Public Meetings
B．Toastmasters，an International Organization
C．Tips for Public Speaking
D．Charles LeBeau，a Public Speaking Professor and Consultant
解析：选C。主旨大意题。全文是关于how to make a public presentation，从native speaker和nonnative speaker两个角度谈论了这个问题。故答案为C。
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many students have to live with roommates while going to school or university.Having a roommate can be one of the best experiences，or
easily one of the worst.1.
Follow these five tips to avoid the common mistakes that make good roommate relationships worse.
Talk things out.2.
If something happens，sit down with your roommates and have a facetoface conversation.Complaining about your roommates behind their backs creates nothing but awkward situations and general unhappiness.
3．
Some roommates become the best of friends，and some don’t.Don’t put pressure on yourself or your roommate to reach this level，especially when you first meet.Remember，you are trying to make a new friend，not scare your roommate away.And if your roommate doesn’t end up being your best friend，there is no need to worry about it.
Clean up after yourself.Or at least，keep your mess on your side.4.
But being considerate with where you put your own stuff will help you avoid the arguments.
Ask before you take.This applies to food，clothes，supplies and anything else that you don’t own.5.
Even if you both agree to share everything you should still ask.
A．Don’t expect to be best friends.
B．Communication is of vital importance.
C．You don’t need to keep the room clean and organized all the time.
D．Rooms can be really easy for a mess to pile up.
E．If you want to have a good relationship with your roommate，it all starts with you.
F．Not all roommates can become your best friends.
G．Show your roommate that you have respect for his or her belongings.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了了几条与室友保持融洽关系的建议：多沟通，室友不一定能成为好朋友；保持整洁，在使用室友的东西前先询问。
1．解析：选E。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。由下文可知作者介绍了五条与室友保持融洽关系的建议。故选E。
2．解析：选B。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据第三段中的“Talk things out.”(讲出事情)可知室友之间需要多沟通。故选B。
3．解析：选A。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据第四段中的“Some roommates become the best of friends，and some
don’t.”可知，有些室友成为了好朋友，但是有些却成不了好朋友，所以不要期待每个室友都能和他成为好朋友。故选A。
4．解析：选C。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据第五段中的“Or at least，keep your mess on your side.”可知，至少要保持室友的空间的整洁。故选C。
5．解析：选G。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据第六段中的“Ask before you take.”用室友的东西之前要提前问好。故选G。
初中学习网Ⅱ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The sun was shining when I got on No.151 Bus.We passengers sat jammed together in heavy clothes.No one spoke.That’s one of the
1
rules，which we take for granted.
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we see the same faces every day，we prefer to
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behind our newspapers.People who sit so close together are using those thin sheets of newsprint to keep their
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.As the bus came near the Mile，a
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suddenly rang out.“
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！This is your driver speaking.”We looked at the back of the driver’s head.“Put your papers down.All of you.”The
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came down.“Now，turn and face the person next to you.Go
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.”
Surprisingly we all did it.Still no one smiled.I faced an old woman，her head wrapped in a red scarf (围巾)．I saw her
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every day.Our eyes met.We waited for the next
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from the driver.“Now repeat after me.Good morning，neighbor！”
Our voices were
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.For many of us，these were the
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words we had spoken that day.But we said them together，like
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，to the strangers beside us.We couldn’t help
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.There was the feeling of relief that we were not being held up.But more，there was the sense of ice being
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.“Good morning，neighbor.”It was not so
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after all.Some of us repeated it，others shook hands，many laughed.The bus driver said nothing more.He didn’t
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to.Not a single newspaper went back up.I heard laughter，a warm sound I had never heard before in
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.
When I reached my stop，I said
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to my seatmate，and then jumped off the bus.That day was
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off better than most.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了一个发生在公共汽车上的小故事，说明人与人之间需要交流。有时候，哪怕是一句看似简单的问好，也可以改变很多。
1．A.unwritten
B．strict
C．bus
D．city
解析：选A。考查形容词。unwritten“不成文的”；strict“严格的”；bus“公共汽车”；city“城市”。根据上下文可知，这辆车上的乘客从不互相打招呼，彼此间很冷淡。但这并不是什么规则，故选择A。句意：这是一条不成文的规则，每个人都认为是理所当然的。
2．A.As
B．Because
C．Although
D．When
解析：选C。考查连词。as“因为，正如等”；because“因为”；although“虽然”；when“当……时”。这一分句意：我们每天都看见相同的面孔；下一分句意：我们情愿躲在报纸后。两者之间存在转折关系。故选择C，表示虽然见面，却不交流。
3．A.read
B．hide
C．talk
D．sit
解析：选B。考查动词。read“读”；hide“躲藏”；talk“谈话”；sit“坐”。此题需要注意其后的behind，故选项A是错的；再根据下文意思，指彼此间不交流。故选择B，表示我们情愿躲藏在我们的报纸后面。
4．A.ways
B．methods
C．respect
D．distance
解析：选D。考查名词。way“方法，道路”；method“方法”； respect“尊重”；distance“距离”。根据上文可知，人们都躲在报纸后，那么说明这些人是用报纸来保持彼此间的距离。故选择D。
5．A.voice
B．warning
C．suggestion
D．message
解析：选A。考查名词。voice“嗓音”；warning“警告”；suggestion“建议”；message“信息”。根据下文This is your driver speaking.可知，司机在说话。故选择A。
6．A.Attention
B．Minding
C．Help
D．Listen
解析：选A。考查语境化造词。attention“注意”；minding “介意”；help“帮助”；listen“听”。根据常识，一个人在对一群人说话时，为了使其他人听他说，先要说请注意。故选择A。句意：请注意！你们的司机有话说。
7．A.driver
B．passengers
C．papers
D．tears
解析：选C。考查副词。driver“司机”；passenger“乘客”；paper“报纸”；tear“眼泪”。根据上一句Put your papers down.All of you.可知，司机要求他们把报纸放下。故选择C，属于原词重现。
8．A.on
B．round
C．ahead
D．down
解析：选C。考查介词。on“在……上”；round“围绕，环绕”；ahead“向前，在前面”；down“向下”。此处需要和go构成固定短语。go on“继续”；go round“到处走动”；go ahead“着手做，进行，开展”；go down“下降”。句意：现在就开始这样做吧。
9．A.still
B．nearly
C．even
D．hardly
解析：选B。考查副词。still“仍然”；nearly“几乎”；even“甚至”；hardly“几乎不”。根据第一段中的we see the same faces every day可知，选择B，意为“我几乎天天看见她”。
10．A.turn
B．talk
C．order
D．remark
解析：选C。考查动词。turn“转向”；talk“说话”；order“命令”；remark“评论”。根据上文可知，所有的乘客都听从司机的话，也就是说他们认为这是司机的命令。故选择C。
11．A.loud
B．neat
C．slow
D．weak
解析：选D。考查形容词。loud“大声的”；neat“整洁的”；slow“慢的”；weak“虚弱的”。根据下文的For many of us，these were the
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words we had spoken that day.But we said them together可知，我们的声音很虚弱。故选择D。
12．A.first
B．last
C．best
D．only
解析：选A。考查形容词。first“第一的”；last“最后的”；best“最好的”；only“唯一的”。根据上文可知，声音很虚弱，以及上文的Good morning，neighbor可知这是早晨。故选择A，意为“这是我们所说的第一句话。”
13．A.passengers
B．citizens
C．patients
D．schoolchildren
解析：选D。考查名词。passenger“乘客”；citizen“市民”；patient“病人”；schoolchildren“学童”。根据上文的But we said them together可知，选择D“只有学童才会齐声说”。
14．A.smiling
B．crying
C．shouting
D．wondering
解析：选A。考查动词。smile“笑”；cry“哭”；shout“嚷叫”；wonder“想知道”。根据下文的many laughed可知，选择A，意为“我们情不自禁地笑出来”。
