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第一部分 必修3 Unit 2
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2024辽宁)
It was already half past seven and I was running late again for the dinner appointment with my wife, Eleanor.We had __1__ to meet at the restaurant at seven o'clock.I felt a little uneasy, but to my __2__， I had a good excuse: A business meeting had __3__ and I'd wasted no time getting to the dinner.
When I arrived at the __4__， I apologized and told Eleanor I didn't mean to be late.She screamed, “You never mean to.” Well, I __5__ tell she was angry.“I'm sorry but it was not __6__，” I said.Then I told her about the business meeting.__7__， my explanation seemed to make things worse, which started to drive __8__mad as well.
Several weeks later, when I __9__ the situation to my friend Ken Hardy, he smiled, “You __10__ a classic mistake.You're stuck __11__ your own way of thinking.You didn't __12__ to be late.But that's not the point.What is __13__ in your communication is how your lateness affected Eleanor.” He pointed out that I focused on the intention __14__ Eleanor focused on the result.Thus, __15__ of us felt misunderstood and crazy.
Thinking more about Ken's words, I __16__ recognized the root cause of such disagreement.It's the result of the action that really __17__.I should have started the conversation by expressing __18__ my actions affected Eleanor and __19__ the discussions about my intention for later, much later and even never.
Later on, after talking to Eleanor and really __20__ her experience of the results of my lateness, I've managed to be on time a lot more frequently.
()1.A．started
B．agreed
C．continued
D．managed
()2.A．relief
B．surprise
C．regret
D．sorrow
()3.A．broken out
B．closed down
C．faded away
D．run over
()4.A．house
B．room
C．restaurant
D．supermarket
()5.A．could
B．must
C．will
D．might
()6.A．movable
B．comfortable
C．acceptable
D．avoidable
()7.A．However
B．Therefore
C．Moreover
D．Otherwise
()8.A．her
B．him
C．me
D．them
()9.A．spread
B．wrote
C．translated
D．described
()10.A．knew
B．made
C．found
D．took
()11.A．in
B．beyond
C．for
D．against
()12.A．need
B．prove
C．pretend
D．intend
()13.A．funny
B．important
C．possible
D．simple
()14.A．while
B．after
C．until
D．unless
()15.A．all
B．none
C．both
D．neither
()16.A．usually
B．merely
C．hardly
D．gradually
()17.A．inspires
B．matters
C．improves
D．challenges
()18.A．how
B．why
C．when
D．what
()19.A．compared
B．reported
C．finished
D．saved
()20.A．showing
B．satisfying
C．understanding
D．destroying
【主旨大意】因为一个会议作者与妻子约会迟到，导致两人起了争执。事后作者在朋友的帮助下，意识到矛盾的原因在于看问题的角度不同。
1．B
【解析】由上一句中“for the dinner appointment with my wife”可知“我”和妻子约好去吃饭，故此处指“我们”已经约定七点钟在餐馆门口见面。start意为“开始”；agree意为“同意；约定”；continue意为“继续”；manage意为“管理；做成”。根据句意可知此处选B项。
2．【答案】A
【解析】由第一段第一句可知，“我”约会要迟到了，因此“我”觉得有点不安。后文“I had a good excuse”意为“我有充足的理由”，可知想到这个理由，“我”松了一口气。由表示转折关系的but也可知空白处填relief。to one's relief意为“让某人感到欣慰的是”；to one's surprise意为“令某人吃惊的是”；to one's regret意为“令某人后悔的是”；to one's sorrow意为“令某人伤心的是”。故选A项。
3．【答案】D
【解析】句意为：我觉得有点不安，但是令我欣慰的是，我有充足的理由，一次商务会议超时了，而我毫不耽搁地赶来吃饭。break out意为“出故障”；close down意为“关闭”；fade away意为“褪色”；run over意为“超过”。
4．【答案】C
【解析】由第一段第二句可知“我”和妻子约在餐厅见面。因此此处选restaurant，意为“当我到达餐厅时”。故选C项。
5．【答案】A
【解析】句意为：好吧，我能感觉到她生气了。could意为“能够”；must意为“必须”；will意为“将”；might意为“可能”。根据句意可知此处选could，表示能够做某事。故选A项。
6．【答案】D
【解析】由第6空后面的“Then I told her about the business meeting.”可知，作者打算以商务会议超时导致自己不可避免地迟到了为借口，想让妻子谅解自己。movable意为“可移动的”；comfortable意为“舒服的”；acceptable意为“可接受的”；avoidable意为“可避免的”。故选D项。
7．【答案】A
【解析】由空后语境“我的解释似乎使事情更糟糕了”可知，事情的结果与“我”的初衷截然相反，所以应填表示转折关系的However，意为“然而”。故选A项。
8．【答案】C
【解析】作者原本打算说明迟到原因使生气的妻子谅解自己，而结果却事与愿违，导致作者也要受不了了，故填me。drive sb.mad意为“使某人生气，将某人逼疯”。故选C项。
9．【答案】D
【解析】句意为：几周以后，当我向我的朋友肯· 哈迪描述当时的情形时…… spread意为“传播”；write意为“写”；translate意为“翻译”；describe意为“描述”。故选D项。
10．【答案】B
【解析】句意为：你犯了一个经典的错误。“犯错误”为make a mistake/make mistakes，是固定搭配。故选B项。
11．A
【解析】考查固定短语。be stuck in意为“陷入，卡住”。句意为：你陷入了你自己的思维方式中。
12．【答案】D
【解析】根据文意可知，作者迟到有不可避免的原因，所以不是有意的。intend to do同义短语是mean to do，意为“打算，意图”。
13．【答案】B
【解析】由后面一句可知“我”辩解的时候关注点不正确，故选B项，此处意为“交流沟通中重要的是”。
14．【答案】A
【解析】句意为：我关注的是意图而我妻子关注的是结果。while 意为“而”，表对比；after意为“在……之后”；until意为“直到……才”；unless意为“除非”。
15．【答案】C
【解析】考查代词的用法。all意为“(三者或三者以上的)所有”；none 意为“(三者或三者以上的)没有一个，都不”；both意为“两个都”；neither意为“两个都不”。
16．【答案】D
【解析】句意为：回想肯说过的话，我逐渐意识到这种争吵的根源。usually意为“通常”；merely意为“仅仅”；hardly意为“几乎不”；gradually意为“逐渐地”。
17．【答案】B
【解析】句意为：行为的结果真的很关键。inspire意为“激励”；matter意为“关键，起作用”；improve意为“提高，促进”；challenge意为“挑战”。It is…that matters是一个常见的强调句句式，意为“真正重要的是……”。
18．【答案】A
【解析】从句结构完整，因此排除D项。根据句意选A项。句意为：我本应该在交流一开始就表达我迟到的行为如何影响了她。把我关于意图的讨论推后，再推后，甚至不再提起。
19．【答案】D
【解析】句意同第18题。compare意为“比较”；report意为“报告”；finish意为“完成”；save意为“避免”。
20．【答案】C
【解析】作者最终站在妻子的立场上，理解了她生气的原因。一场不愉快就此烟消云散。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2024全国课标Ⅱ，B)
Your house may have an effect on your figure.Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.
Open the curtains and turn up the lights.Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less selfconscious (难为情) when they're in poorly lit places—and so more likely to eat lots of food.If your home doesn't have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.
Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites.In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make us feel less hungry.So when it's time to repaint, go blue.
Don't forget the clock—or the radio.People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories (卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes.And while you're at it, actually sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music.It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.
Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12inch plate instead of a 10inch plate.When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake (摄入) jumps by 14 percent.And we'll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.
()1.The text is especially helpful for those who care about ________.
A．their home comforts B．their body shape
C．house buyingD．healthy diets
()2.A home environment in blue can help people ________.
A．digest food betterB．reduce food intake
C．burn more caloriesD．regain their appetites
()3.What are people advised to do at mealtimes?
A．Eat quickly.B．Play fast music.
C．Use smaller spoons.D．Turn down the lights.
()4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Is Your House Making You Fat?
B．Ways of Serving Dinner
C．Effects of SelfConsciousness
D．Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?
【主旨大意】 本文向我们介绍了家居环境对我们饮食的影响，然后给出了如何通过改变房间光线、墙壁的颜色、餐具的大小等来控制饮食，从而保持体型的建议。
1．【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。 根据文章第一段第一句“Your house may have an effect on your figure.(你的房子可能会对你的体型有影响。)”和第二句“…the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off(你设计房子的方式对你是增肥还是减肥会起作用。)”可以推断文章尤其对那些在乎外形的人有帮助，故选B项。
2．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。 根据第三段第三句“In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.”可知，研究发现，在蓝色房间内吃饭的人要比在黄色或红色房间内吃饭的人少吃33%的食物，这和B项意思相符，故选B项。
3．【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第四句“When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 percent.”可知，当我们用大汤匙的时候，摄入的总量要比使用小汤匙多14%，所以作者建议我们要想保持体型，就应该用较小的汤匙，故选C项。
4．【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。 文章开篇点题“Your house may have an effect on your figure，”然后从专家的角度进行了进一步的说明“the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off，”并给那些想减肥的人士提了一些房间布置的建议，故选A项。
B
(2024安徽，C)
You are the collector in the gallery of your life.You collect.You might not mean to but you do.One out of three people collects tangible (有形的) things such as cats, photos and noisy toys.
These are among some 40 collections that are being shown at “The Museum Of” —the first of several new museums which, over the next two years, will exhibit the objects accumulated by unknown collectors.In doing so, they will promote a popular culture of museums, not what museums normally represent.
Some of the collections are fairly common—records, model houses.Others are strangely beautiful—branches that have fallen from trees, for example.But they all reveal (显露) a lot of things: ask someone what they collect and their answers will tell you who they are.
Others on the way include “The Museum of Collectors” and “The Museum of Me”．These new ones, it is hoped, will build on the success of “The Museum Of”．The thinkers behind the project want to explore why people collect, and what it means to do so.They hope that visitors who may not have considered themselves collectors will begin to see they, too, collect.
Some collectors say they started or stopped making collections at important points: the beginning or end of adolescence—“it's a growingup thing; you stop when you grow up，” says one.Other painful times are mentioned, such as the end of a relationship.For time and life can seem so uncontrollable that a steady serial (顺序排列的) arrangement is comforting.
()5.How will the new museums promote a popular culture of museums?
A．By collecting more tangible things.
B．By showing what ordinary people have collected.
C．By correcting what museums normally represent.
D．By accumulating 40 collections two years from now.
()6.What can be learned about collectors from their collections?
A．Who they are. B．How old they are.
C．Where they were born.D．Why they might not mean to collect.
()7.Which of the following is an aim of the new museums?
A．To help people sell their collections.
B．To encourage more people to collect.
C．To study the significance of collecting.
D．To find out why people visit museums.
()8.According to the last paragraph, people may stop collecting when they ______.
A．become adultsB．feel happy with life
C．are ready for a relationshipD．feel time to be uncontrollable
【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生活中各种各样的收集者，他们收集的内容、方式、原因以及意义等。
5．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的 “…will exhibit the objects accumulated by unknown collectors.In doing so, they will promote a popular culture of museums, not what museums normally represent.”可知应选B项。
