【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
情态动词与虚拟语气
一、考点解读
情态动词与虚拟语气有千丝万缕的联系，它们往往放在一起考查。在近年高考试题中，对情态动词的考查几乎每年都有。纵观近几年的高考试题可以看出，高考对情态动词的考查热点主要包括：
1. 准确把握情态动词表允许、推测、判断等用法。
2. 准确把握情态动词在虚拟语气结构中的使用。
3. wish, as if/though, if only, would rather＋从句， It's time＋从句等句型中的虚拟语气。
4. 表示“坚持、命令、建议、要求”的词汇后及各类从句中的虚拟语气。
5. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的倒装。
二、题例精讲
（）1. They________ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
A．will
B．can
C．must
D．should
【解析】 D 考查情态动词的用法。should have done表达“本应该做……然而没有做成……”。C项有一定的干扰性，must have done sth表示“肯定做了某事”。
（）2.If you________
smoke，please go outside.
A．can
B．should
C．must
D．may
【解析】 C 考查情态动词。must在这里表示“偏偏，非要”的意思。结合句意：如果你非要吸烟的话，请到外面去。所以选C。can表示“能力”；should表示“应当”；may表示“可能”。
（）3.—I don't really like James. Why did you invite him?
—Don't worry. He
________
come. He said he wasn't certain what his plans were.
A．must not
B．need not
C．would not
D．might not
【解析】 D 考查情态动词。由后面的“not certain （不确定的）what his plans were”可以看出，他可能不来，所以选D。A项表示“不准，禁止”；B项表示“没必要”；C项不符合时态要求。
（）4. —Where are the children? The dinner's going to be completely ruined.
—I wish they________
always late.
A. weren't
B. hadn't been
C. wouldn't be
D. wouldn't have been
【解析】 A 考查虚拟语气。由第一个人所说的话可以看出，他担心孩子们来了会把准备好的晚餐给破坏了，由此可以看出，第二句wish 后是对现在或将来的虚拟，用一般过去时即可。
（）5. I ________ sooner but I didn't know that they were waiting for me.
A. had come
B. was coming
C. would come
D. would have come
【解析】 D 考查虚拟语气。由but 后的句子可知是对过去情况的虚拟，所以应该用would have done 结构。句意为：我该早来一会儿的，但是我不知道他们在等我。
（）6.—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
—I am afraid you________， in case he comes late for the meeting.
A. will
B. must
C. may
D. can
【解析】 B 考查情态动词。根据问题“要我马上告知他计划的改变吗？”可知答句为“恐怕你必须如此，以防他开会迟到”。
（）7.—How's your new babysitter?
—We ________ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.
A．should
B．might
C. mustn't
D．couldn't
【解析】 D 考查情态动词。根据句意“你们的新保姆怎么样？”“我们不能再要求更好的了，孩子们都很喜欢她。”这里couldn't表示“不能……”，符合句意。should表示“应该，应当”；might表示“可能”；mustn't表示“禁止，不允许”。
（）8. The police still haven't found the lost child, but they're doing all they
________.
A．can
B．may
C．must
D．should
【解析】 A 考查情态动词。can表能力。do all （that） one can意为“竭尽全力”。句意为：“虽然警察仍未找到那个失踪的孩子，但他们正竭尽所能。”
（）9.—Why didn't you come to Simon's party last night?
—I wanted to, but my mom simply ________ not let me out so late at night.
A．could
B．might
C．would
D．should
【解析】 C 考查情态动词。答语句意：我本来想去，但母亲偏不让我深夜外出。would用于否定句中，表示“不肯，总是不”。
（）10.I________ through that bitter period without your generous help.
A．couldn't have gone
B．didn't go
C．wouldn't go
D．hadn't gone
【解析】 A 考查情态动词。所填部分表示对过去发生过的动作进行猜测，应用“情态动词＋ have done”句型，couldn't have done表示“过去本不可能做……（但做了）”，符合题意。
（）11.—No one
________ be compared
with Yao Ming in playing basketball.
—Oh, you are really his big fan.
A．can
B．need
C．must
D．might
【解析】 A 考查情态动词。句意为：“在打篮球方面没有人能与姚明相比。”“呵，你真是他的粉丝。”根据句意可判断选A。
（）12. If you ________
go, at least wait until the storm is over.
A．can
B．may
C．must
D．will
【解析】 C 考查情态动词。根据句意“如果你________走，至少要等到暴风雨停下来吧。”对比四个情态动词can“能够，可能”，may“可能”，must“必须，一定”及will“将要”可知答案为C。
（）13. It ________ be the postman at the door. It's only six o'clock.
A．mustn't
B．can't
C．won't
D．needn't
【解析】 B 考查情态动词的用法。句意为：在门口的不可能是邮递员，现在仅仅六点钟。A项“禁止”；B项“不可能”；C项“将不会”；D项“不必”。根据句意和语境答案为B。
三、试题模拟
（）1.When we worked in the same firm several years ago, we________ often go to the cinema together.
A. would
B. will
C. shall
D. could
【解析】 A 考查情态动词。句意：当几年前我们在同一家公司工作时，我们常常一起去电影院。would在这里表示（过去）常常。
（）2.—Where is Lucy?
—I can't say where she is, but she ________ have gone to meet her classmates, for they want to go to Sichuan to work as volunteers.
A．can
B．should
C．must
D．may
【解析】 D 考查情态动词。这里表示对过去状况的推断，用“情态动词＋have done”。从前面的“我不确定她在哪里”可知，用may have done，表示“过去可能已经了……”（不确定）。must have done表示“过去一定做了……”（非常确定）；can have done用在此处不合适，should have done表示“过去本该做……（实际却没做）”。
（）3.You
________ get a new bicycle as a reward for doing well in the following final exam.
A．must
B．will
C．shall
D．should
【解析】 C 考查情态动词。句意：你在接下来的期末考试中取得好成绩的话，会得到一辆自行车作为奖励。根据句意可知，此处要用表示许诺的情态动词shall。
（）4.Had you listened to me, you________ in trouble now.
A. are not
B. be not
C．would not be
D. would not have been
【解析】 C 考查虚拟语气。虚拟语气中， 从句是表示与过去事实相反的假设， 主句表示现在可能会出现的状况， 主句中常常加now, today等时间状语， 这时主句谓语动词应该用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。句意：你要是早听我的话， 现在你就不会遇到这么大的麻烦了。
（）5.I ________ you my bicycle, but I didn't expect you would come back so soon.
A．might lend
B．may lend
C．must have lent
D．might have lent
【解析】 D 考查虚拟语气。句意为：我本可以把自行车借给你的，但是我没有想到你会这么快就回来了。might have done表示本可以做某事而实际上没有做。
（）6.The order came that the medical supplies
________
to Beijing for the H1N1 flu soon.
A．would be sent
B．should send
C．be sent
D．must be sent
【解析】 C 考查虚拟语气。当表示愿望、请求、建议、命令等意义的动词（如order，suggest，command等）后面接从句时，从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should＋do，should可以省略。故选C。
（）7.—If you
________
to my birthday party last Saturday, you would have met our old friend Jim.
—I caught a cold because I had been walking around in the rain.
A．came
B．had come
C．would come
D．would have come
【解析】 B 考查虚拟语气。从语意分析，这是非真实条件句中对过去状况的虚拟，主句谓语用should/would/could/might have done，条件句用过去完成时态，答案应该选B项。
（）8.—Thank you for reminding me of the time, or I ________ late yesterday.
—Don't mention it.
A．should be
B．would be
C．will have been D．would have been
【解析】 D 考查虚拟语气。从语境可知说话人是在谈论昨天的事，因此要使用情态动词would＋完成式。
（）9.Without the help of my English teacher, I ________
the first prize in the English Speaking Competition.
A．would win
B．would have won
C．would not win
D．would not have won
【解析】 D 考查虚拟语气。这是一个隐含的虚拟条件句，含有if my English teacher hadn't helped me with my spoken English之意，表示与过去的事实相反，故用与过去相反的虚拟语气，因此D项符合题意。
（）10.The purpose of education ________ be to provide students with a value system—not to prepare them for a specific job.
A．will
B．should
C．could
D．may
【解析】 B 考查情态动词辨析。句意：教育的目的应该是为学生提供一套价值观，而不是让他们为从事某一项特定的工作做好准备。情态动词should表示“应该”，合乎语境。
情态动词与虚拟语气
一、考点解读
情态动词与虚拟语气有千丝万缕的联系，它们往往放在一起考查。在近年高考试题中，对情态动词的考查几乎每年都有。纵观近几年的高考试题可以看出，高考对情态动词的考查热点主要包括：
1. 准确把握情态动词表允许、推测、判断等用法。
2. 准确把握情态动词在虚拟语气结构中的使用。
3. wish, as if/though, if only, would rather＋从句， It's time＋从句等句型中的虚拟语气。
4. 表示“坚持、命令、建议、要求”的词汇后及各类从句中的虚拟语气。
5. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的倒装。
二、题例精讲
（）1. They________ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
A．will
B．can
C．must
D．should
【解析】 D 考查情态动词的用法。should have done表达“本应该做……然而没有做成……”。C项有一定的干扰性，must have done sth表示“肯定做了某事”。
（）2.If you________
smoke，please go outside.
A．can
B．should
C．must
D．may
【解析】 C 考查情态动词。must在这里表示“偏偏，非要”的意思。结合句意：如果你非要吸烟的话，请到外面去。所以选C。can表示“能力”；should表示“应当”；may表示“可能”。
（）3.—I don't really like James. Why did you invite him?
—Don't worry. He
________
come. He said he wasn't certain what his plans were.
A．must not
B．need not
C．would not
D．might not
【解析】 D 考查情态动词。由后面的“not certain （不确定的）what his plans were”可以看出，他可能不来，所以选D。A项表示“不准，禁止”；B项表示“没必要”；C项不符合时态要求。
（）4. —Where are the children? The dinner's going to be completely ruined.
—I wish they________
always late.
A. weren't
B. hadn't been
C. wouldn't be
D. wouldn't have been
【解析】 A 考查虚拟语气。由第一个人所说的话可以看出，他担心孩子们来了会把准备好的晚餐给破坏了，由此可以看出，第二句wish 后是对现在或将来的虚拟，用一般过去时即可。
（）5. I ________ sooner but I didn't know that they were waiting for me.
A. had come
B. was coming
C. would come
D. would have come
【解析】 D 考查虚拟语气。由but 后的句子可知是对过去情况的虚拟，所以应该用would have done 结构。句意为：我该早来一会儿的，但是我不知道他们在等我。
（）6.—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
—I am afraid you________， in case he comes late for the meeting.
A. will
B. must
C. may
D. can
【解析】 B 考查情态动词。根据问题“要我马上告知他计划的改变吗？”可知答句为“恐怕你必须如此，以防他开会迟到”。
（）7.—How's your new babysitter?
—We ________ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.
A．should
B．might
C. mustn't
D．couldn't
【解析】 D 考查情态动词。根据句意“你们的新保姆怎么样？”“我们不能再要求更好的了，孩子们都很喜欢她。”这里couldn't表示“不能……”，符合句意。should表示“应该，应当”；might表示“可能”；mustn't表示“禁止，不允许”。
（）8. The police still haven't found the lost child, but they're doing all they
________.
A．can
B．may
C．must
D．should
【解析】 A 考查情态动词。can表能力。do all （that） one can意为“竭尽全力”。句意为：“虽然警察仍未找到那个失踪的孩子，但他们正竭尽所能。”
（）9.—Why didn't you come to Simon's party last night?
—I wanted to, but my mom simply ________ not let me out so late at night.
A．could
B．might
C．would
D．should
【解析】 C 考查情态动词。答语句意：我本来想去，但母亲偏不让我深夜外出。would用于否定句中，表示“不肯，总是不”。
（）10.I________ through that bitter period without your generous help.
A．couldn't have gone
B．didn't go
C．wouldn't go
D．hadn't gone
【解析】 A 考查情态动词。所填部分表示对过去发生过的动作进行猜测，应用“情态动词＋ have done”句型，couldn't have done表示“过去本不可能做……（但做了）”，符合题意。
（）11.—No one
________ be compared
with Yao Ming in playing basketball.
—Oh, you are really his big fan.
A．can
B．need
C．must
D．might
【解析】 A 考查情态动词。句意为：“在打篮球方面没有人能与姚明相比。”“呵，你真是他的粉丝。”根据句意可判断选A。
（）12. If you ________
go, at least wait until the storm is over.
A．can
B．may
C．must
D．will
【解析】 C 考查情态动词。根据句意“如果你________走，至少要等到暴风雨停下来吧。”对比四个情态动词can“能够，可能”，may“可能”，must“必须，一定”及will“将要”可知答案为C。
（）13. It ________ be the postman at the door. It's only six o'clock.
A．mustn't
B．can't
C．won't
D．needn't
【解析】 B 考查情态动词的用法。句意为：在门口的不可能是邮递员，现在仅仅六点钟。A项“禁止”；B项“不可能”；C项“将不会”；D项“不必”。根据句意和语境答案为B。
三、试题模拟
（）1.When we worked in the same firm several years ago, we________ often go to the cinema together.
A. would
B. will
C. shall
D. could
【解析】 A 考查情态动词。句意：当几年前我们在同一家公司工作时，我们常常一起去电影院。would在这里表示（过去）常常。
（）2.—Where is Lucy?
—I can't say where she is, but she ________ have gone to meet her classmates, for they want to go to Sichuan to work as volunteers.
A．can
B．should
C．must
D．may
【解析】 D 考查情态动词。这里表示对过去状况的推断，用“情态动词＋have done”。从前面的“我不确定她在哪里”可知，用may have done，表示“过去可能已经了……”（不确定）。must have done表示“过去一定做了……”（非常确定）；can have done用在此处不合适，should have done表示“过去本该做……（实际却没做）”。
（）3.You
________ get a new bicycle as a reward for doing well in the following final exam.
A．must
B．will
C．shall
D．should
【解析】 C 考查情态动词。句意：你在接下来的期末考试中取得好成绩的话，会得到一辆自行车作为奖励。根据句意可知，此处要用表示许诺的情态动词shall。
（）4.Had you listened to me, you________ in trouble now.
A. are not
B. be not
C．would not be
D. would not have been
【解析】 C 考查虚拟语气。虚拟语气中， 从句是表示与过去事实相反的假设， 主句表示现在可能会出现的状况， 主句中常常加now, today等时间状语， 这时主句谓语动词应该用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。句意：你要是早听我的话， 现在你就不会遇到这么大的麻烦了。
（）5.I ________ you my bicycle, but I didn't expect you would come back so soon.
A．might lend
B．may lend
C．must have lent
D．might have lent
【解析】 D 考查虚拟语气。句意为：我本可以把自行车借给你的，但是我没有想到你会这么快就回来了。might have done表示本可以做某事而实际上没有做。
（）6.The order came that the medical supplies
________
to Beijing for the H1N1 flu soon.
A．would be sent
B．should send
C．be sent
D．must be sent
【解析】 C 考查虚拟语气。当表示愿望、请求、建议、命令等意义的动词（如order，suggest，command等）后面接从句时，从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should＋do，should可以省略。故选C。
（）7.—If you
________
to my birthday party last Saturday, you would have met our old friend Jim.
—I caught a cold because I had been walking around in the rain.
A．came
B．had come
C．would come
D．would have come
【解析】 B 考查虚拟语气。从语意分析，这是非真实条件句中对过去状况的虚拟，主句谓语用should/would/could/might have done，条件句用过去完成时态，答案应该选B项。
（）8.—Thank you for reminding me of the time, or I ________ late yesterday.
—Don't mention it.
A．should be
B．would be
C．will have been D．would have been
【解析】 D 考查虚拟语气。从语境可知说话人是在谈论昨天的事，因此要使用情态动词would＋完成式。
（）9.Without the help of my English teacher, I ________
the first prize in the English Speaking Competition.
A．would win
B．would have won
C．would not win
D．would not have won
【解析】 D 考查虚拟语气。这是一个隐含的虚拟条件句，含有if my English teacher hadn't helped me with my spoken English之意，表示与过去的事实相反，故用与过去相反的虚拟语气，因此D项符合题意。
（）10.The purpose of education ________ be to provide students with a value system—not to prepare them for a specific job.
A．will
B．should
C．could
D．may
【解析】 B 考查情态动词辨析。句意：教育的目的应该是为学生提供一套价值观，而不是让他们为从事某一项特定的工作做好准备。情态动词should表示“应该”，合乎语境。
