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3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品系列
专题10
定语从句
【2024年高考命题预测】
高考研究定语从句是英语三大类从句中最难的一类，其难点主要在于很多学生在学习时分不清先行词，不能正确使用关系代词、关系副词。因此在学习定语从句时，务必搞清定语从句的概念、关系词的正确选择和使用情况等。
预测今后高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查。
2024考纲解读和近几年考点分布
考纲要求
定语从句是高考的热点，对于定语从句考纲要求掌握以下内容：1.引导限制性定语从句的关系词；2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词；3.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别；4.介词+关系代词的用法；5.不定代词/数词+of which/whom引导的非限制性定语从句及其该结构与并列句的判断；6.关系词之间的异同现象及选用。
命题规律
一、主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。
二、高考对定语从句的考查仍将不会单纯考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。
【考点pk】
名师考点透析
考点1：关系代词一览表
关系词 先行词 从句
成分 例句 备注
关系代词 who 人 主语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that
whom 人 宾语 Mr. Smith i s the person with whom I am working
The boy (whom) she loved died in the war..
whose 人，物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history.
The boy whose father works abroad is my desk mate.
that 人，物 主语
宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly.
She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.
which 物 主语
宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.
The picture which was about the accident was terrible.
as 人，物 主语
宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us.
This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.
as做宾语一般不省略
关系副词 when 时间 时间
状语 I will never forget the day when we met there. 可用on which
where 地点 地点
状语 This is the house where I was born. 可用in which
why 原因 原因
状语 I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. 可用for which
考点2：that与which，who，whom的用法区别
that和which的用法区别:
在定语从句中，关系代词which和 that都可指物，一般情况下，可以互换使用。但在下列情况下值得注意：
(3) 当先行词由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，只能用that。如：
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书。
(4) 当先行词同时包括人和物时，只能用that。如：
Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great. 人们认为我们所熟识的鲁迅及其作品都很伟大。
(5) 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时，只能用that。如：
This is a book that I have been looking for since last week. 这就是那本自上周以来我一直在寻找的书。
(3) 先行词为代词that或that所修饰时，只能用which。如：
I don’t take that which is too expensive. 我不要太贵的那一个。
who (whom) 和that的用法区别详解:
在定语从句中，关系代词who (whom) 和that都可指人和物，在一般情况下，可以互换使用，但在下列情况下值得注意：
一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形
(1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时，只能用who (whom)。如：
My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas. 我姐姐，她在国外学习，就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物。
(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时，只能用who (whom)。如：
Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你认识黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗？
(3) 当先行词为people和those时，只能用who (whom)。如：
Those who want to go there come here please. 那些想去那儿的人请来这边。
(4) 当先行词为one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人) 时，只能用who (whom)。如：
Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。
(5) 先行词指人，而关系代词在从句中作主语时，一般多用who。如：
The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days. 昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来。
二、用that 而不用who (whom)的情形
(1)
当先行词前面有形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，引导词只能用that。如：
The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Shandong. 在为我们队踢足球的最高哪个运动员来自山东。
(2) 当先行词前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very形容词修饰时，引导词只能用that。如：
He is the only student that said “no” to the teacher. 他是唯一的一个对老师说“不”的学生
(3) 当主句是以who开头的特殊疑问句时，引导词只能用that。如：
Who is woman that you talked with just now? 刚才跟你谈话的那位妇女是谁？
(4) the same as与the same that
the same as所引导定语从句的内容与先行词同类而不同物；the same that表示所引导的从句内容与先行词同类同物，即：同一事物。如：
She is wearing the same coat that I lost a few days ago. 她正穿着我几天前所丢失的上衣。(暗含：她偷了我的上衣)
She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago. 她正穿着跟我几天前所丢失的上衣同样的上衣。(暗含：她所穿的上衣不是我所丢失的那一件)
考点3
关系副词引导的定语从句
1、关系副词一览表
关系副词 when 时间 时间
状语 I will never forget the day when we met there. 可用on which
where 地点 地点
状语 This is the house where I was born. 可用in which
why 原因 原因
状语 I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. 可用for which
②He’s got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane．他发现他陷入了危险的境地，他有可能会失去对飞机的控制。
1．概述
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句多用于正式文体，使用的关系代词一般是which，whom，它既可以引导限制性定语从句，又可以引导非限制性定语从句。常见的有以下几种结构：
(1)介词+关系代词
Mandela was the black lawyer to whom 1 went for advice．=Mandela was the black lawyer whom 1 went to for advice．曼德拉是我寻求帮助的一位黑人律师。
(2)名词/代词/数词+介词+关系代词
①Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore，three of which were English novels．=Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore，of which three were English novels．上个星期天，我从书店买回几本书，其中三本是英文小说。
②He wrote a book，the name of which I’ve completely forgotten．他写了一本书，书名我完全给忘记了。
③The old man has two daughters．both of whom are doctors．那位老人有两个女儿，她们都是医生。
(3)形容词最高级+介词+关系代词
China has thousands of islands，the largest of which is Taiwan．中国有成千上万的岛屿，其中最大的是台湾。
(4)介词+关系代词+名词
I called him by the wrong name．for which mistake I apologized．我叫错了他的名字，为此我向他表示了歉意。(不能使用whose)
2．关系代词的选择
用于”介词+关系代词”结构的关系代词指人时只能用whom，指物时只能用which，即介词+which/whom。
【三年高考】
1、1高考试题及其解析
【单项填空】
1.【2024·北京】22. I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.
A. whose
B. why
C. where
D. which
8.【2024·江苏】23.Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those
12.【2024·天津】9. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. when
16.【2024·浙江】11. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has been proved.
A. whom
B. which
C. what
D. that
【语法填空】
【2024·全国新课标I】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
But my connection with pandas goes back ____64__ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reporter__66___ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
【短文改错】
【2024·四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favoritiest
1.【2024·湖南】29.It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages..
A. as
B. where C. that D. which
2.【2024·北京】24.Opposite is St.Paul's Church,___you can hear some lovely music.
A. which
B.that
C.when
D.where
3.【2024·重庆】14. He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of____ were published in the 1990s.
A. whom
B. which
C. them
D. that
4.【2024·浙江】19. Creating an atmosphere
employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
A. as
B. whose
C. in which
D. at which
5.【2024·天津】15 The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work.
A. where
B. which
C. when
D. who
6.【2024·四川】3.The books on the desk,
covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
A．which
B. what
C. whose
D. that
7.【2024·陕西】15. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time
he should be able to be independent.
A. which
B. where
C. whom
D. when
8.【2024·福建】34.China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
A. who
B. whom
C. that
D. Which
9.【2024·江苏】21.The number of smokers, _____ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
A. it
B. which
C. what
D. as
10.【2024·安徽】28.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon______ school education depends.
A. it
B. that
C. whose
D. which
2024年高考试题
’ll reach the sales targets in a month _______ we set at the beginning of the year.
A. which
B. where
C. when
D. what
2.【2024·北京卷】26. I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me..
A.who
B. which
C. when
D. Where
3.【2024·天津卷】12. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, _________ uses it differently.
A. all of which
B. each of which
C. all of them
D. each of them
4.【2024·山东卷】10. A company ______profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
A. which
B. whose
C. who
D. why
5.【2024·江西卷】35. It was the middle of the night __ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
A. that
B.
as
C.
which
D. when
6.【2024·四川卷】4. I now, we have raised 50.000 pounds for the poor children, ______ is quite unexpected.
A. that B. which
C. who D. it
7.【2024·福建卷】31. Students should involve themselves in community activities
they can gain experience for growth.
A. who
B. when
C. which
D. where
8.【2024·江苏卷】22. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must.
A. which
B. when
C. as
D. where
9.【2024·陕西卷】13. Please send us all the information _________ you have about the candidate for the position.
A. that
B. which
C. as
D. what
10.【2024·安徽卷】22．The exact year
Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
A. When
B. where
C. why
D. which
31.I am looking forward to the day
my daughter can read this book and know my
feelings for her.
A. as
B. why
C. when
D. where
12.【2024·浙江卷】5. I don’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ______ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck
