【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
Section 14 完形填空
议论文
【命题探究】
1．议论文完形填空包括夹叙夹议和纯议论两种形式。纯议论形式的完形填空一般是直接提出论点，通过论据论证，最后作者提出自己的看法或提出另一个话题供大家讨论。
2．纯议论形式的完形填空一般都是由论点、论据和论证三大要素组成，也是一个提出问题→分析问题→解决问题的过程。
3．议论文在词语表达上除了客观之外，
1．理清文章的论点、论据和结论。
2．能说明论点的主要内容往往在论据里得到印证，因此，要注意论点与论据的结合。
3．注意各部分的逻辑关系，只要条理清晰，理顺文章的思路，有着扎实的语言基础，做好议论类完形填空不会很难。
1．Most developed nations have become__43__on digital technology simply because they’ve grown accustomed to it，and at this point not__44__(using) it would make them an outsider.
43．A.bent
B．hard
C．keen
D．dependent
答案 D
2．The__41__(tale)took on a new meaning recently when Mr.Guyer downsized to a__42__house from a more expensive and comfortable one.He was__43__(worried)that his children，a daughter，15，and twins，22，would be upset.
42．A.large
B．small
C．new
D．grand
答案 B
【方法指导】
1．利用篇章结构层次关系解题
议论文文体的特点是突出论点，并运用论据对论点进行论证，这样行文线索常常会体现因果逻辑关系，所以解题时要善于通过这些信息解题。
因果关系是议论文中常见的逻辑现象。正确分析这种现象，考生能够明确由“因”带来的“果”，以及“果”所出自的“因”。上文1中人们对数字科技所形成的习惯这个“因”，造成了人们对其依赖的这个“果”。because起到关键作用，有助于分析理解句子。keen on“喜爱，热衷于”。
2．利用文中同义、反义关系的信息词解
议论文中同义词和反义词常常是命题者挖空的来源，它们之间的相互对应是解题的关键信息。同义和反义的表达方式是作者论述的常用手段。解题时考生可以通过同义的比较和反义的推断寻找解题根据。
上文2中的downsized和选项中small在语义方面十分相近，这为本题选出正确答案提供了很大帮助。建议考生在解题过程中学会运用这个有效的手段。
Cloze 1
(2024·福建高考)One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault－finder.However, life can be __1__ when you are not busy finding fault with it.
Several years ago I __2__ a letter from seventeen－year－old Kerry, who described herself as a world－class fault－finder, almost always __3__ by things.People were always doing things that annoyed her, and __4__ was ever good enough.She was highly selfcritical and also found fault with her friends.She became a really __5__ person.
Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her __6__. Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash.What made it almost __7__ to deal with was that the day before the __8__， Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her __9__ of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to __10__. It wasn’t until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became __11__ her habit of finding fault.Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to __12__ everything so harshly(刻薄)．She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her __13__ as well.
Perhaps most of us aren’t as extreme at fault－finding, __14__ when we’re honest, we can be sharply __15__ of
the world.I’m not suggesting you __16__ problems, or that you pretend things are __17__ than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are—__18__ most of the time, and especially when it’s not a really big __19__．
Train yourself to “bite your tongue”， and with a little __20__， you’ll get really good at letting things go.And when you do, you’ll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.
1．A.lonely
B．great
C．quiet
D．uneasy
2．A.received
B．answered
C．expected
D．rejected
3．A.threatened
B．interrupted
C．bothered
D．spoiled
4．A.anything
B．everything
C．something
D．nothing
5．A.caring
B．boring
C．interesting
D．surprising
6．A.attitude
B．plan
C．measure
D．explanation
7．A.urgent
B．unnecessary
C．certain
D．impossible
8．A.occasion
B．event
C．accident
D．adventure
9．A.memory
B．notice
C．evidence
D．choice
10．A.hear
B．contribute
C．express
D．admit
11．A.aware of
B．afraid of
C．curious about
D．confused about
12．A.discuss
B．realize
C．judge
D．settle
13．A.family
B．life
C．career
D．education
14．A.so
B．or
C．but
D．for
15．A.proud
B．sure
C．hopeful
D．critical
16．A.face
B．create
C．solve
D．ignore
17．A.rarer
B．better
C．stranger
D．worse
18．A.at least
B．at last
C．by far
D．so far
19．A.task
B．deal
C．result
D．duty
20．A.practice
B．speech
C．rest
D．pity
Cloze 2
(2024·新课标全国)As a general rule，all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常basis.As a matter of fact，we can see this__1__at work in people of all__2__.For example，on Christmas morning，children are excited about__3__with their new toys.But their__4__ soon wears off and by January those __5__ toys can be found put away in the basement.The world is full of __6__ stamp albums and unfinished models，each standing as a monument to someone’s __7__ interest.When parents bring home a pet，their child __8__ bathes it and brushes its fur.Within a short time，however，the __9__ of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents.Adolescents enter high school with great __10__ but are soon looking forward to __11__.The same is true of the young adults going to college.And then，how many __12__，who now complain(抱怨)about the long drives to work，__13__ drove for hours at a time when they first__14__
their driver’s licenses(执照)？Before people retire，they usually
__15__ to do a lot of __16__ things，which they never had __17__ to do while working.But __18__ after retirement，the golfing，the fishing，the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they __19__.And，like the child in January，they go searching for new __20__.
1．A.principle
B．habit
C．way
D．power
2．A.parties
B．races
C．countries
D．ages
3．A.working
B．living
C．playing
D．going
4．A.confidence
B．interest
C．anxiety
D．sorrow
5．A.same
B．extra
C．funny
D．expensive
6．A.well－organized
B．colorfully－printed
C．newly－collected
D．half－filled
7．A.broad
B．passing
C．different
D．main
8．A.silently
B．impatiently
C．gladly
D．worriedly
9．A.promise
B．burden
C．right
D．game
10．A.courage
B．calmness
C．confusion
D．excitement
11．A.graduation
B．independence
C．responsibility
D．success
12．A.children
B．students
C．adults
D．retirees
13．A.carefully
B．eagerly
C．nervously
D．bravely
14．A.required
B．obtained
C．noticed
D．discovered
15．A.need
B．learn
C．start
D．plan
16．A.great
B．strange
C．difficult
D．correct
17．A.time
B．money
C．skills
D．knowledge
18．A.only
B．well
C．even
D．soon
19．A.lost
B．chose
C．left
D．quit
20．A.pets
B．toys
C．friends
D．colleagues Section 14 完形填空
议论文
【高考真题演练】
经典高考真题
Cloze 1
【语篇导读】 世界上最容易做的事情之一就是成为一个挑剔的人，但是，如果能改变一下的话，生活也许会是另外一个样子。
1．B [考查形容词辨析。如果能不忙着找别人的毛病，生活会十分棒。]
2．A [考查动词辨析。几年前，我收到了一封来自十七岁的Kerry的信。收到来信用receive, answer a letter回信；expect期待；预料；reject拒绝。]
3．C [考查动词辨析。Kerry在信中描述自己是一个世界级的挑剔者，总是会受到别的事情的干扰。bother烦扰；操心；threat威胁；interrupt打断；spoil溺爱。]
4．D [考查代词。在Kerry看来，人们总是做一些让她烦恼的事情，什么事都不够好。只有nothing表示此处Kerry作为一个超级挑剔者的特点。]
5．B [考查形容词辨析。Kerry不仅挑剔boring(令人厌烦的)人。]
6．A [考查名词辨析。不幸的是，改变她的态度是以一场可怕的事故为代价的。measure丈量；衡量；explanation解释。]
7．D [考查形容词辨析。urgent紧急的；unnecessary不必要的；certain肯定的；impossible不可能的。]
8．C [考查名词辨析。根据上Kerry拜访了她的朋友。]
9．D [考查名词辨析。Kerry拜访了她的朋友，不停地批评她朋友选择男朋友(的问题)、她生活的方式问题、她和她父母相处的问题以及各种各样她觉得她需要表达的问题。]
10．C [考查动词辨析，解析见上题。]
11．A [考查形容词短语的辨析。直到她朋友受了重伤之后，她才意识到自己的(乱挑剔)的习惯(可能会给别人带来严become aware of意识到；be afraid of害怕；be curious about好奇；be confused about困惑。]
12．C [考查动词辨析。从那之后，很快地，她开始学着欣赏生活而不是刻薄地去评判任何事。judge判断，评判；discuss讨论；realize意识到；settle解决。]
13．B [考查名词辨析。她能够把她的新的智慧也传递到她的生活中的其他部分。]
14．C [考查连词。也许我们大部分人都不是很挑剔，但是诚实地说，我们可能会对这个世界十分的挑剔。此处表示转折关系。]
15．D [考查形容词辨析。critical对应本文的线索词fault－finder。]
16．D [考查动词辨析。发现了问题，我不是建议你去忽略这些问题。或者假装这些事比他们事实上好。]
17．B [考查形
18．A [考查介词短语辨析。但是要至少大部分时间学会允许这些事情的存在。]
19．B [考查名词辨析。特别是不是什么大事的时候。big deal大事。]
20．A [考查名词辨析。训练自己“咬住自己的舌头”，少说话，多这样做，你会真的学会放手了。practice做法，实践。]
Cloze 2
【语篇导读】 文章讲述了一旦我们的各种活动成为日常生活中必须做的事情时，无论哪个年龄段的人都会感到无聊而半途而废了。
1．A [上文中提到了general rule。故principle与其意思相近，B.习惯；C.方式；D.力量，权力。均不合题意。故选A。]
2．D [根据后面提到了小孩和老人可知此处为不同年龄段的人。A.党派；B.种族；C.国家。均不合题意。故选D。]
3．C [play with their new toys——玩新玩具，而A.“工作”；B.“生活”；C.“去”。均不合题意。故选C。]
4．B [孩子们对这些玩具的兴趣越来越少。A.“自信”；C.“着急”；D.“悲伤”。均不合题意。故选B。]
5．A [到一月份可以发现那些一模一样的玩具放在了地下室里。B.额外的；C.有趣的；D.昂贵的，均不合题意，故A。]
6．D [这个世界充满了装了一半的集邮册和未完成的模型。A.组织有序的；B.彩印的；C.新收集的。均不合题意。故选D。]
7．B [每一个都是某人曾经的兴趣的纪念碑。A.宽阔的；C.不同的；D.主要的。均不合题意，故选B。]
8．C [当父母带回家一只宠物，他们的孩子高兴地给它洗澡，给它刷毛。A.安静地；B.不耐心地；D.着急地。均不合题C。]
9．B [一小段时间后，照顾动物的负担就交给父母了。A.承诺；C.权利；D.游戏。均不合题意，故选B。]
10．D [青少年刚入高中时很兴奋。A.勇气；B.镇静；C.困惑。均不合题意，故选D。]
11．A [但很快他们就盼着毕业。B.独立；C.责任；D.成功。均不合题意。故选A。]
12．C A.孩子；B.学生；D.退休者。均不合题意。故选C。]
13．B [他们刚开始拿到驾照时多希望一次开上几个小时。A.仔细地；C.紧张地；D.勇敢地。均不合题意，故选B。]
14．B [参考13题。A.需要；C.注意；D.发现。均不合题意，故选B。]
15．D [退休前人们经常计划着做很多伟大的事情。A.需要；B.学习；C.开始。均不合题意，故选D。]
16．A [参考15题。B.奇怪的；C.困难的；D.正确的。均不合题意，故选A。]
17．A [这些事情在工作时都没有时间去做。B.钱；C.技能；D.知识。均不合题意，故选A。]
