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(2)单句语法填空。 (2024·重庆改编)Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century______________ his musical gift was fully recognized. 答案：(1)①not until she took off her dark glasses that ②Was it on the farm where we once worked ③not you but I am to blame ④what it was (2)that 2．While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 遛狗的时候，你不小心把狗松开了，它被车撞了。 本句中的while walking the dog是状语从句while you were walking the dog的省略形式。 归纳拓展 当时间、条件、地点、方式或让步状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或主句主语为it且从句谓语有be动词时，从句的主语与动词be可以省略。 (2)单句语法填空。 (2024·湖南)Video games can be a poor influence if ________(leave) in the wrong hands. 答案：(1)①while(you are) traveling ②once(it is) begun ③Though lacking money/Though they lacked money ④as (they were) told (2)left 句意：如果电子游戏落入一个错误的人手中就能够产生一个不良影响。此处if后省略了句子的主语Video games和动词be的形式are。 3．It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen night face to face. 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。 本句中的It was the first time...that...为一常用句型，意为“某人第一次做某事”。 归纳拓展 (1)This/That is/was the first/second...time(that)．..某人第一(二……)次做某事 当主句为一般现在时或一般将来时时，从句的谓语动词用现在完成时；当主句为一般过去时时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。
(2)There is/was a time when...有……的时候(一段时间) (3)It is/was high time(that)sb.did/should do sth.是某人做某事的时候了 (4)The first/last time sb.did sth.某人第一次(最后一次)做某事时
答案：①have gone abroad ②had visited America ③took/should take measures/steps/action ④when I hated to go to school ⑤The first time I wrote in English/When I wrote in English for the first time 基础知识巩固 4．Circle your answers, and then ____________________(把分数加起来)． 5．曾有一段时间，我的搭档汤姆跟我相处很好。 ____________________Tom, my partner, ____________________me. 6．有一天他叫我去踢足球时，我碰巧头痛。 I ________________ suffer from headache __________ he asked me to play football one day. 7．据我所知，这是他第一次对我生气。 ____________________， this ____________________ he had got upset with me. 8．直到黄昏时刻我同他进行了一次面对面的谈话，他才意识到他错了。 He didn't realize he was wrong ____________________ him at dusk. 9．我觉得一见钟情是可能的，因为我相信世界上没有不可能的事。(find it＋adj.＋to do) I find ________ possible ____________________ at first sight because I believe nothing is impossible in the world. 10．我不知道是不是因为老师不关心他的学习，他才常常故意在课堂上睡觉的。(it is...that...) I wonder if _____________ the teacher is not _____________ his study that he often falls asleep in class on purpose. 答案： 1．calm her down 2.a series of accidents 3.In order to enter a good university; no longer 4.add up the points 5.There was a time when; got along/on very well with 6.happened to; when 7.As far as I'm concerned; was the first time that 8.until I had a facetoface talk with 9.it; to fall in love 10.it is because; concerned about 8．I would be grateful for you if you could help me with my English. 9．Is this reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? 10．Broadly speaking, I would agree with Shirley, thought not entire. 答案：1.disagree后加上with 2.by→on 3.gone后加上through 4.along后加上with 5.fallen→been 6.join后加上in 7.去掉that 8.for→to 9.this和reason之间加上the 10.entire→entirely 答案： Dear Jack， I'm sorry you are having trouble in getting along with your friends. However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. Here are some tips to help you. Firstly, when your friends are upset, you'd better calm them down and try to help them solve the problems. Secondly, you should be concerned about your friends rather than ignore them. Thirdly, when your friends disagree with you, it would be a good idea if you could communicate with them face to face. Last but not least, when they help you, you should be grateful to them. 4．concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n．担心；关注；(利害)关系 归纳拓展 (1)concern sb./sth.与某人/某事有关 be concerned in/with与……有关 be concerned about/for sth.关心某事；关注某事 as/so far as...be concerned就……而言，依……之见 (2)It's no concern of mine/yours这不关我/你的事 show/express concern about/for...对……表示关心/担心 with concern关切地；忧虑地 (3)concerning prep.关于；就……而言
(2)单句语法填空。 ①All the people ________(concern) with the case will be questioned by the police. ②I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information ________(concern) the interview.
答案：(1)①are concerned about或show concern for/about ②As far as I'm concerned (2)①concerned 句意：所有参与这个案件的人警察都要审问。此处concerned with the case作定语，意为“与这个案件有关的”。 ②concerning 句意：我写信是想知道你是否可能提供给我有关面试的信息。由句意可知，填concerning，相当于about/on。 5．settle vi.安家；定居；停留 vt.使定居；安排；解决 归纳拓展 (1)settle the problem/dispute/argument解决问题/争端/争论 settle down定居；安顿下来；使平静下来；坐下来 settle down to sth./doing sth.开始认真做某事 settle on/up决定；同意(某事) That's settled.一言为定。 (2)settlement n．定居；解决 settler n．定居者；殖民 (2)单句语法填空。 ①He found it hard ________ (settle) down to studying with so much noise going on outside. ②We finally settled ________ the date for the next meeting. 答案：(1)①to settle down ②That's settled (2)①to settle 考查非谓语动词。形容词后常接不定式。 ②on/up 6．suffer vi.感到疼痛/痛苦 vt.遭受；经历 归纳拓展 (1)suffer from sth.受……折磨 suffer pain/defeat/loss/starvation/punishment遭受/经受痛苦/挫败/损失/饥饿/惩罚 (2)suffering n．痛苦；疼痛；苦难 sufferer n．受苦的人；受难者；患者 (2)完成句子。 ①________ ________ ________ heart trouble for years, Professor White must take some medicine with him wherever he goes. 患有心脏病多年，怀特教授无论到哪里都要随身带着药。 ②Never will he forget all the ______________ that he has gone through during the war. 他绝不会忘记战争中所受的苦难。
答案：(1)suffering 句意：她一打开门莱利就冲进了男孩子们的房间，在那儿安发现杰克的心脏病发作了。Jack与suffer构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故填其－ing形式。 ②sufferers (2)①Having suffered from ②sufferings
7．disagree vi.不同意；(食物、气候等)对某人不适 归纳拓展 disagree with sb.不同意某人；(指食物、气候等)不适合某人 disagree on/about/over sth.不赞同…… be in disagreement with与……意见不一致 (2)单句语法填空。 He won't live here long, because the climate here disagrees ________ him. 答案：(1)①where I disagree with you ②in disagreement with (2)with 句意：他不会在这儿长时间住，因为这儿的气候不适合他。 8．recover vi.& vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得；弥补 归纳拓展 (1)recover from从……恢复 recover sth. from sb./sth.从……追回/找回 recover losses/one's lost watch弥补损失/找回失去的手表 recover oneself恢复健康；清醒过来；静下心来；重新站稳 (2)recovery n．恢复；痊愈；改善；复苏 recoverable adj. 可恢复的；可重获的 (2)单句语法填空。 ①His mother made him orange juice every few hours for more Vitamin C, which would help his ________(recover)． ②________(recover) the lost time, he is working harder than ever before. 答案：(1)①is gradually recovering from ②recovered the lost painting (2)①recovery 由空前his可知，此处填名词。 ②To recover 句意：为了弥补失去的时间，他现在比以往任何时候工作都努力。由句意可知，此处为不定式作目的状语。 1.add up合计 归纳拓展 add to增加；增添 add...to...在……添加/加入…… add up to总计；合计达到；意味着 add that...补充说…… addition n．附加 in addition to另外 答案：①adding ②added to ③add; to ④added up ⑤added up to 2．go through穿过；通过；用完；完成；经历痛苦；仔细检查；(法案等)通过 归纳拓展 (1)go through常与下列名词搭配 go through(查找；搜寻)a building/room, etc. go through(经历)struggle/hardship/war，etc. go through(穿过；通过)a forest/tunnel, etc. go through(仔细审查；查阅)books/letters/arguments/ documents/data, etc. go through(用完)money, etc. (2)go through with sth.完成 go over复习；检查 go out外出；熄灭 go about四处走动 go off离开；爆炸 go against违背；反对 go into调查；讨论；进入 go up上升；增长 go down下降；下沉
③We wouldn't __________________(完成) the design without your generous help. ④The price of the houses in some big cities __________________(下降). I doubt whether it will remain so. 答案：①go through/have gone through ②going over ③have gone through ④has gone down 3．set down记下；放下；登记；让某人搭车 归纳拓展 set about sth./doing sth.开始/着手做某事 set apart使分开；使与众不同 set aside搁置；留出 set back使……推后/延迟；拨慢(钟表等) set forward提出；提前 set off引爆；出发；动身；燃放 set out出发；着手去干；陈述 set up设立；安装；创办 ③Einstein liked Bose's paper so much that he ________________(放下) his own work and translated it into German. ④For all these years I have been working for others. I'm hoping I ________________(创办) my own business someday. 答案：①set down his ideas ②set about painting/set out to paint ③set down/set aside ④will set up 4．get along with与……相处；进展 归纳拓展 (1)get along/on(well/nicely) with sb.与某人相处(得好) get along/on (well/nicely/smoothly) with sth.某事进展(得好/顺利) (2)get across讲清楚；(使)被领会 get about/around(消息)传开 get down to认真做；开始着手做 get in进入；抵达；收获；插(话) get through(电话)接通；用完；通过 get over克服 get rid of消灭；摆脱；除掉
④I've been suffering from a bad cold for over a week, but I can't ________________(老是好不了)． 答案：①are getting along/on well(fine, nicely) ②get in the/my clothes ③get across ④get rid of it 1.I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。 本句中it's...that是强调句型，强调句中的原因状语从句because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long。强调句型可强调句子中的主语、宾语、状语等。 归纳拓展 强调句型结构形式： 基本结构：It is(was)＋被强调部分＋that(who)．.. 一般疑问句结构：Is(Was) it＋被强调部分＋that(who)．..? 特殊疑问句结构：疑问词＋is(was) it＋被强调部分＋that(who)．..? 对not...until时间状语从句的强调：It is/was＋not until＋被强调部分＋that＋... Unit 1 Friendship 必修一 第一部分 基础知识聚焦 考点探究演练 2 基础知识巩固 3 课时规范训练 4 基础知识晨记 1 基础知识晨记 Ⅰ.单词速记 A．快速识记 1．________n．青少年 2．________n．提示；尖端；小费 3．________v．捆扎；打包；装行李n.小包；包裹 4．________vt.使不安；使心烦adj.心烦意乱的 5．________v．(使)平静；(使)镇定adj.平静的 6．________adj.松的；松开的→________v．放开；放松 7．________v．安家；安居；安排；解决→________n．定居者；殖民者→__________n．定居；解决 teenager
tip
pack upset calm loose loosen
settle
settler
settlement
8．________adj.积满灰尘的→________n．灰尘 9．________adj.感激的→____________________n．感激；感恩 10．________vi.不同意→______________n．不一致；分歧→________vi.同意→__________n．协定；同意 11．________n．黄昏；傍晚→(反义词)________n．黎明；破晓 12．________v．遭受；忍受；经历→________n．苦难；苦楚→________n．患病者；受难者 13．________n．& vt.不喜欢；厌恶→(反义词)________n．& vt.喜欢 dusty dust grateful gratitude/gratefulness disagree disagreement agree agreement dusk dawn suffer suffering sufferer dislike like 14．________adv.在户外；在野外→(反义词)________adv.在室内；在户内 15．________n．能力；力量；权力→________adj.强大的；强有力的→________adj.无力的；无权力的 16．________v．痊愈；恢复；重新获得→________n．痊愈；康复；恢复→___________adj.可恢复的 17．________adv.确实如此；正是；确切地→________adj.准确的；精确的 18．________adj.整个的；完全的；全部的→________adv.完全地；整个地 outdoors indoors power powerful powerless recover recovery recoverable exactly exact entire entirely
19．________vt.(使)担忧；关系到n.担心；关系→_________adj.担忧的；关心的→___________prep.关于；涉及(＝about) 20．________vt.不理睬；忽视→________adj.无知的→__________n．无知；忽视 concern concerned concerning ignore ignorant ignorance
B．归类巧记 1．“感谢”家庭 ①grateful adj.感激的→gratitude n．感激 ②appreciate v．感激的→appreciation n．感激 ③thank v．感谢→thankful adj.感谢的
2．“天气”相关单词一览 ①thunder n．& v． 雷声；打雷 ②lightning n.
闪电 ③tornado n.
龙卷风 ④tsunami n.
海啸 ⑤typhoon n.
台风 ⑥haze n.
雾霾 Ⅱ.高频短语 1．合计 ________ 2．写下；放下；登记 ________ 3．(使)平静；镇定下来 ________ 4．将(东西)装箱打包 ________ 5．参加；加入 ________ 6．经历；经受 ________ 7．遭受；患病 ________ 8．关心；挂念 ________ 9．不得不；必须 ________ 10．对……厌倦 ________ add up set down calm(…) down pack(…) up join in go through suffer from be concerned about have got to be/get tired of 11．与……相处；进展 ________ 12．相爱；爱上 ________ 13．不再 ________ 14．遛狗 ________ 15．故意地 ________ 16．在黄昏时刻 ________ 17．面对面地 ________ 18．一连串的；一系列的 ________ 19．为了…… ________ get along with fall in love with no longer(more)/not...any longer(more) walk the dog on purpose at dusk face to face a series of in order to Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．While ________(walk) the dog, you were ________(care) and it got loose and ________ ________(hit) by a car. 在遛狗时，你不小心把狗松开了，它被一辆车撞了。 2．I wonder if ________ is ________ I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long ________ I've grown so crazy ________ everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。 3．I can well remember that there was a time ________ a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. 我记得非常清楚，曾有一段时间，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。 4．It was ________ ________ ________ that in a year and a half that I ________ ________(see) the night face to face. 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。 5．________ I try to talk to my classmates, I still find ________ hard to make good friends ________ them. 尽管我试图与我的同学们交谈，但是，我还是发现很难与他们交上好朋友。 6．Another time five months ago, I happened ________ ________ (be) upstairs at dusk when the window was open. 还有一次，就是在五个月以前的一个黄昏，我碰巧在楼上，当时窗户是开着的。 答案：1.walking; careless; was hit 2.it; because; that; about 3．when 4.the first time; had seen 5.Although; it; with 6．to be Ⅳ.语法过关 直接引语和间接引语(Ⅰ) 1．Mr Green asked，“Jack, did you see the film yesterday？” →Mr Green asked Jack whether he saw the film ________. 答案：the day before 直接引语变间接引语时，时间状语要作相应的变化，yesterday要变为the day before。 2．An English teacher asked his students, “Are you interested in my lessons？” →An English teacher asked his students if ________ were interested in ________ lessons. 答案：they; his 直接引语变间接引语时，若直接引语主语为第二人称，则间接引语(宾语从句)的主语与主句的宾语在人称上保持一致，即you变为they；由句意可知句中的my应改为his。 3．He said that his car ________(be) stolen and he ________ have to telephone the police. 答案：had been；would 句意为：他说他的车被偷了，不得不报警。此句改为直接引语应为：He said，“My car has been stolen and I will have to telephone the police.” 4．The English teacher told us this morning that we ________ have an exam at the end of this month. 答案：would 因主句是过去时，所以宾语从句也要用过去的某种时态，同时根据at the end of this month可知，have所表示的动作尚未发生，故用过去将来时。
5．Our teacher told us that the earth ________(go) around the sun yesterday. 答案：goes 直接引语变间接引语时，若直接引语表示的是客观真理，则间接引语时态不变(一般现在时)。 Ⅴ.语篇填空 Anne was a lonely girl. But she had a friend __1__ could tell her everything. She lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ. Her family was Jewish so__2__ had to hide from __3__(catch) by the German Nazis. Her whole family hid away for a long time __4__ they were discovered. She made her diary as her __5__(good) friend. She often wrote down __6__ she thought. She then grew so crazy about everything to do __7__ nature.
Once she saw a moon at night, which was the first time in a year and a half that she __8__(see) that beautiful scene face to face. What __9__ poor and brave girl she was! In her mind she thought nature was one thing that __10__(real) must be experienced. 答案：1.who 2.they 3.being caught 4.before 5.best 6．what 7.with 8.had seen 9.a 10.really 考点探究演练 1.upset adj.(仅作表语)心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt.(upset, upset)使不安；使心烦；打翻 归纳拓展 (1)be (feel) upset about/over/at sth. 为某事烦心 be upset to do sth. 为做某事感到不安/难过 (2)(sth.) upset sb. (某事)使某人心烦意乱 (sb.) upset sth.(某人)打/弄翻某物 upset a plan/an arrangement 打乱计划/安排 [巧学助记] Several flies kept upsetting Xiaoming when he was doing his homework. He was so upset that he upset the cup on the desk.
小明做作业的时候，几只苍蝇一直打扰他。他心烦意乱，结果打翻了桌子上的杯子。
答案：①was upset about/over/at ②upset her (2)upsetting 句意：他迟到了一个小时，把我们的安排打乱了。arrived是谓语动词，所以upset只能填其非谓语动词；由句意可知，此处表示顺理成章的结果，所以填upsetting。
2．ignore vt.不理睬，忽视 归纳拓展 ignore sb./sth.不理睬某人/某事 be ignorant of/about sth.不知道某事 be in ignorance of/about sth.无知；不了解某事 be ignorant that...不知道……
③He ________ ________ history is doomed to repeat it. 谁无视历史，谁就注定要重蹈覆辙。 答案：①was ignored ②Having been ignored ③who ignores 3．calm vt.使平静；使镇静 adj.冷静的；平静的 归纳拓展 (1)calm sb./oneself down让某人/自己冷静下来 calm one's nerves镇定神经 calm the pain减轻痛苦 (2)be/stay/keep/remain calm保持镇静 (3)calmly adv.平静地；冷静地 ③________ ________ ________ ________ ________ matters much in case of emergency. 在紧急情况下我们应该保持镇静，这点至关重要。 (2)单句语法填空。 The gunmen ________(calm) walked away and escaped in a waiting car. 答案：(1)①had calmed down ②will calm down ③That we should stay/keep calm (2)calmly 句意：持枪歹徒不慌不忙地走开，坐上一辆等候的汽车逃走了。分析句子可知，此处所填词修饰动词walked away，所以填副词。
(2)单句语法填空。 (2024·重庆改编)Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century______________ his musical gift was fully recognized. 答案：(1)①not until she took off her dark glasses that ②Was it on the farm where we once worked ③not you but I am to blame ④what it was (2)that 2．While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 遛狗的时候，你不小心把狗松开了，它被车撞了。 本句中的while walking the dog是状语从句while you were walking the dog的省略形式。 归纳拓展 当时间、条件、地点、方式或让步状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或主句主语为it且从句谓语有be动词时，从句的主语与动词be可以省略。 (2)单句语法填空。 (2024·湖南)Video games can be a poor influence if ________(leave) in the wrong hands. 答案：(1)①while(you are) traveling ②once(it is) begun ③Though lacking money/Though they lacked money ④as (they were) told (2)left 句意：如果电子游戏落入一个错误的人手中就能够产生一个不良影响。此处if后省略了句子的主语Video games和动词be的形式are。 3．It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen night face to face. 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。 本句中的It was the first time...that...为一常用句型，意为“某人第一次做某事”。 归纳拓展 (1)This/That is/was the first/second...time(that)．..某人第一(二……)次做某事 当主句为一般现在时或一般将来时时，从句的谓语动词用现在完成时；当主句为一般过去时时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。
(2)There is/was a time when...有……的时候(一段时间) (3)It is/was high time(that)sb.did/should do sth.是某人做某事的时候了 (4)The first/last time sb.did sth.某人第一次(最后一次)做某事时
答案：①have gone abroad ②had visited America ③took/should take measures/steps/action ④when I hated to go to school ⑤The first time I wrote in English/When I wrote in English for the first time 基础知识巩固 4．Circle your answers, and then ____________________(把分数加起来)． 5．曾有一段时间，我的搭档汤姆跟我相处很好。 ____________________Tom, my partner, ____________________me. 6．有一天他叫我去踢足球时，我碰巧头痛。 I ________________ suffer from headache __________ he asked me to play football one day. 7．据我所知，这是他第一次对我生气。 ____________________， this ____________________ he had got upset with me. 8．直到黄昏时刻我同他进行了一次面对面的谈话，他才意识到他错了。 He didn't realize he was wrong ____________________ him at dusk. 9．我觉得一见钟情是可能的，因为我相信世界上没有不可能的事。(find it＋adj.＋to do) I find ________ possible ____________________ at first sight because I believe nothing is impossible in the world. 10．我不知道是不是因为老师不关心他的学习，他才常常故意在课堂上睡觉的。(it is...that...) I wonder if _____________ the teacher is not _____________ his study that he often falls asleep in class on purpose. 答案： 1．calm her down 2.a series of accidents 3.In order to enter a good university; no longer 4.add up the points 5.There was a time when; got along/on very well with 6.happened to; when 7.As far as I'm concerned; was the first time that 8.until I had a facetoface talk with 9.it; to fall in love 10.it is because; concerned about 8．I would be grateful for you if you could help me with my English. 9．Is this reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? 10．Broadly speaking, I would agree with Shirley, thought not entire. 答案：1.disagree后加上with 2.by→on 3.gone后加上through 4.along后加上with 5.fallen→been 6.join后加上in 7.去掉that 8.for→to 9.this和reason之间加上the 10.entire→entirely 答案： Dear Jack， I'm sorry you are having trouble in getting along with your friends. However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. Here are some tips to help you. Firstly, when your friends are upset, you'd better calm them down and try to help them solve the problems. Secondly, you should be concerned about your friends rather than ignore them. Thirdly, when your friends disagree with you, it would be a good idea if you could communicate with them face to face. Last but not least, when they help you, you should be grateful to them. 4．concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n．担心；关注；(利害)关系 归纳拓展 (1)concern sb./sth.与某人/某事有关 be concerned in/with与……有关 be concerned about/for sth.关心某事；关注某事 as/so far as...be concerned就……而言，依……之见 (2)It's no concern of mine/yours这不关我/你的事 show/express concern about/for...对……表示关心/担心 with concern关切地；忧虑地 (3)concerning prep.关于；就……而言
(2)单句语法填空。 ①All the people ________(concern) with the case will be questioned by the police. ②I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information ________(concern) the interview.
答案：(1)①are concerned about或show concern for/about ②As far as I'm concerned (2)①concerned 句意：所有参与这个案件的人警察都要审问。此处concerned with the case作定语，意为“与这个案件有关的”。 ②concerning 句意：我写信是想知道你是否可能提供给我有关面试的信息。由句意可知，填concerning，相当于about/on。 5．settle vi.安家；定居；停留 vt.使定居；安排；解决 归纳拓展 (1)settle the problem/dispute/argument解决问题/争端/争论 settle down定居；安顿下来；使平静下来；坐下来 settle down to sth./doing sth.开始认真做某事 settle on/up决定；同意(某事) That's settled.一言为定。 (2)settlement n．定居；解决 settler n．定居者；殖民 (2)单句语法填空。 ①He found it hard ________ (settle) down to studying with so much noise going on outside. ②We finally settled ________ the date for the next meeting. 答案：(1)①to settle down ②That's settled (2)①to settle 考查非谓语动词。形容词后常接不定式。 ②on/up 6．suffer vi.感到疼痛/痛苦 vt.遭受；经历 归纳拓展 (1)suffer from sth.受……折磨 suffer pain/defeat/loss/starvation/punishment遭受/经受痛苦/挫败/损失/饥饿/惩罚 (2)suffering n．痛苦；疼痛；苦难 sufferer n．受苦的人；受难者；患者 (2)完成句子。 ①________ ________ ________ heart trouble for years, Professor White must take some medicine with him wherever he goes. 患有心脏病多年，怀特教授无论到哪里都要随身带着药。 ②Never will he forget all the ______________ that he has gone through during the war. 他绝不会忘记战争中所受的苦难。
答案：(1)suffering 句意：她一打开门莱利就冲进了男孩子们的房间，在那儿安发现杰克的心脏病发作了。Jack与suffer构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故填其－ing形式。 ②sufferers (2)①Having suffered from ②sufferings
7．disagree vi.不同意；(食物、气候等)对某人不适 归纳拓展 disagree with sb.不同意某人；(指食物、气候等)不适合某人 disagree on/about/over sth.不赞同…… be in disagreement with与……意见不一致 (2)单句语法填空。 He won't live here long, because the climate here disagrees ________ him. 答案：(1)①where I disagree with you ②in disagreement with (2)with 句意：他不会在这儿长时间住，因为这儿的气候不适合他。 8．recover vi.& vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得；弥补 归纳拓展 (1)recover from从……恢复 recover sth. from sb./sth.从……追回/找回 recover losses/one's lost watch弥补损失/找回失去的手表 recover oneself恢复健康；清醒过来；静下心来；重新站稳 (2)recovery n．恢复；痊愈；改善；复苏 recoverable adj. 可恢复的；可重获的 (2)单句语法填空。 ①His mother made him orange juice every few hours for more Vitamin C, which would help his ________(recover)． ②________(recover) the lost time, he is working harder than ever before. 答案：(1)①is gradually recovering from ②recovered the lost painting (2)①recovery 由空前his可知，此处填名词。 ②To recover 句意：为了弥补失去的时间，他现在比以往任何时候工作都努力。由句意可知，此处为不定式作目的状语。 1.add up合计 归纳拓展 add to增加；增添 add...to...在……添加/加入…… add up to总计；合计达到；意味着 add that...补充说…… addition n．附加 in addition to另外 答案：①adding ②added to ③add; to ④added up ⑤added up to 2．go through穿过；通过；用完；完成；经历痛苦；仔细检查；(法案等)通过 归纳拓展 (1)go through常与下列名词搭配 go through(查找；搜寻)a building/room, etc. go through(经历)struggle/hardship/war，etc. go through(穿过；通过)a forest/tunnel, etc. go through(仔细审查；查阅)books/letters/arguments/ documents/data, etc. go through(用完)money, etc. (2)go through with sth.完成 go over复习；检查 go out外出；熄灭 go about四处走动 go off离开；爆炸 go against违背；反对 go into调查；讨论；进入 go up上升；增长 go down下降；下沉
③We wouldn't __________________(完成) the design without your generous help. ④The price of the houses in some big cities __________________(下降). I doubt whether it will remain so. 答案：①go through/have gone through ②going over ③have gone through ④has gone down 3．set down记下；放下；登记；让某人搭车 归纳拓展 set about sth./doing sth.开始/着手做某事 set apart使分开；使与众不同 set aside搁置；留出 set back使……推后/延迟；拨慢(钟表等) set forward提出；提前 set off引爆；出发；动身；燃放 set out出发；着手去干；陈述 set up设立；安装；创办 ③Einstein liked Bose's paper so much that he ________________(放下) his own work and translated it into German. ④For all these years I have been working for others. I'm hoping I ________________(创办) my own business someday. 答案：①set down his ideas ②set about painting/set out to paint ③set down/set aside ④will set up 4．get along with与……相处；进展 归纳拓展 (1)get along/on(well/nicely) with sb.与某人相处(得好) get along/on (well/nicely/smoothly) with sth.某事进展(得好/顺利) (2)get across讲清楚；(使)被领会 get about/around(消息)传开 get down to认真做；开始着手做 get in进入；抵达；收获；插(话) get through(电话)接通；用完；通过 get over克服 get rid of消灭；摆脱；除掉
④I've been suffering from a bad cold for over a week, but I can't ________________(老是好不了)． 答案：①are getting along/on well(fine, nicely) ②get in the/my clothes ③get across ④get rid of it 1.I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。 本句中it's...that是强调句型，强调句中的原因状语从句because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long。强调句型可强调句子中的主语、宾语、状语等。 归纳拓展 强调句型结构形式： 基本结构：It is(was)＋被强调部分＋that(who)．.. 一般疑问句结构：Is(Was) it＋被强调部分＋that(who)．..? 特殊疑问句结构：疑问词＋is(was) it＋被强调部分＋that(who)．..? 对not...until时间状语从句的强调：It is/was＋not until＋被强调部分＋that＋... Unit 1 Friendship 必修一 第一部分 基础知识聚焦 考点探究演练 2 基础知识巩固 3 课时规范训练 4 基础知识晨记 1 基础知识晨记 Ⅰ.单词速记 A．快速识记 1．________n．青少年 2．________n．提示；尖端；小费 3．________v．捆扎；打包；装行李n.小包；包裹 4．________vt.使不安；使心烦adj.心烦意乱的 5．________v．(使)平静；(使)镇定adj.平静的 6．________adj.松的；松开的→________v．放开；放松 7．________v．安家；安居；安排；解决→________n．定居者；殖民者→__________n．定居；解决 teenager
tip
pack upset calm loose loosen
settle
settler
settlement
8．________adj.积满灰尘的→________n．灰尘 9．________adj.感激的→____________________n．感激；感恩 10．________vi.不同意→______________n．不一致；分歧→________vi.同意→__________n．协定；同意 11．________n．黄昏；傍晚→(反义词)________n．黎明；破晓 12．________v．遭受；忍受；经历→________n．苦难；苦楚→________n．患病者；受难者 13．________n．& vt.不喜欢；厌恶→(反义词)________n．& vt.喜欢 dusty dust grateful gratitude/gratefulness disagree disagreement agree agreement dusk dawn suffer suffering sufferer dislike like 14．________adv.在户外；在野外→(反义词)________adv.在室内；在户内 15．________n．能力；力量；权力→________adj.强大的；强有力的→________adj.无力的；无权力的 16．________v．痊愈；恢复；重新获得→________n．痊愈；康复；恢复→___________adj.可恢复的 17．________adv.确实如此；正是；确切地→________adj.准确的；精确的 18．________adj.整个的；完全的；全部的→________adv.完全地；整个地 outdoors indoors power powerful powerless recover recovery recoverable exactly exact entire entirely
19．________vt.(使)担忧；关系到n.担心；关系→_________adj.担忧的；关心的→___________prep.关于；涉及(＝about) 20．________vt.不理睬；忽视→________adj.无知的→__________n．无知；忽视 concern concerned concerning ignore ignorant ignorance
B．归类巧记 1．“感谢”家庭 ①grateful adj.感激的→gratitude n．感激 ②appreciate v．感激的→appreciation n．感激 ③thank v．感谢→thankful adj.感谢的
2．“天气”相关单词一览 ①thunder n．& v． 雷声；打雷 ②lightning n.
闪电 ③tornado n.
龙卷风 ④tsunami n.
海啸 ⑤typhoon n.
台风 ⑥haze n.
雾霾 Ⅱ.高频短语 1．合计 ________ 2．写下；放下；登记 ________ 3．(使)平静；镇定下来 ________ 4．将(东西)装箱打包 ________ 5．参加；加入 ________ 6．经历；经受 ________ 7．遭受；患病 ________ 8．关心；挂念 ________ 9．不得不；必须 ________ 10．对……厌倦 ________ add up set down calm(…) down pack(…) up join in go through suffer from be concerned about have got to be/get tired of 11．与……相处；进展 ________ 12．相爱；爱上 ________ 13．不再 ________ 14．遛狗 ________ 15．故意地 ________ 16．在黄昏时刻 ________ 17．面对面地 ________ 18．一连串的；一系列的 ________ 19．为了…… ________ get along with fall in love with no longer(more)/not...any longer(more) walk the dog on purpose at dusk face to face a series of in order to Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．While ________(walk) the dog, you were ________(care) and it got loose and ________ ________(hit) by a car. 在遛狗时，你不小心把狗松开了，它被一辆车撞了。 2．I wonder if ________ is ________ I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long ________ I've grown so crazy ________ everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。 3．I can well remember that there was a time ________ a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. 我记得非常清楚，曾有一段时间，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。 4．It was ________ ________ ________ that in a year and a half that I ________ ________(see) the night face to face. 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。 5．________ I try to talk to my classmates, I still find ________ hard to make good friends ________ them. 尽管我试图与我的同学们交谈，但是，我还是发现很难与他们交上好朋友。 6．Another time five months ago, I happened ________ ________ (be) upstairs at dusk when the window was open. 还有一次，就是在五个月以前的一个黄昏，我碰巧在楼上，当时窗户是开着的。 答案：1.walking; careless; was hit 2.it; because; that; about 3．when 4.the first time; had seen 5.Although; it; with 6．to be Ⅳ.语法过关 直接引语和间接引语(Ⅰ) 1．Mr Green asked，“Jack, did you see the film yesterday？” →Mr Green asked Jack whether he saw the film ________. 答案：the day before 直接引语变间接引语时，时间状语要作相应的变化，yesterday要变为the day before。 2．An English teacher asked his students, “Are you interested in my lessons？” →An English teacher asked his students if ________ were interested in ________ lessons. 答案：they; his 直接引语变间接引语时，若直接引语主语为第二人称，则间接引语(宾语从句)的主语与主句的宾语在人称上保持一致，即you变为they；由句意可知句中的my应改为his。 3．He said that his car ________(be) stolen and he ________ have to telephone the police. 答案：had been；would 句意为：他说他的车被偷了，不得不报警。此句改为直接引语应为：He said，“My car has been stolen and I will have to telephone the police.” 4．The English teacher told us this morning that we ________ have an exam at the end of this month. 答案：would 因主句是过去时，所以宾语从句也要用过去的某种时态，同时根据at the end of this month可知，have所表示的动作尚未发生，故用过去将来时。
5．Our teacher told us that the earth ________(go) around the sun yesterday. 答案：goes 直接引语变间接引语时，若直接引语表示的是客观真理，则间接引语时态不变(一般现在时)。 Ⅴ.语篇填空 Anne was a lonely girl. But she had a friend __1__ could tell her everything. She lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ. Her family was Jewish so__2__ had to hide from __3__(catch) by the German Nazis. Her whole family hid away for a long time __4__ they were discovered. She made her diary as her __5__(good) friend. She often wrote down __6__ she thought. She then grew so crazy about everything to do __7__ nature.
Once she saw a moon at night, which was the first time in a year and a half that she __8__(see) that beautiful scene face to face. What __9__ poor and brave girl she was! In her mind she thought nature was one thing that __10__(real) must be experienced. 答案：1.who 2.they 3.being caught 4.before 5.best 6．what 7.with 8.had seen 9.a 10.really 考点探究演练 1.upset adj.(仅作表语)心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt.(upset, upset)使不安；使心烦；打翻 归纳拓展 (1)be (feel) upset about/over/at sth. 为某事烦心 be upset to do sth. 为做某事感到不安/难过 (2)(sth.) upset sb. (某事)使某人心烦意乱 (sb.) upset sth.(某人)打/弄翻某物 upset a plan/an arrangement 打乱计划/安排 [巧学助记] Several flies kept upsetting Xiaoming when he was doing his homework. He was so upset that he upset the cup on the desk.
小明做作业的时候，几只苍蝇一直打扰他。他心烦意乱，结果打翻了桌子上的杯子。
答案：①was upset about/over/at ②upset her (2)upsetting 句意：他迟到了一个小时，把我们的安排打乱了。arrived是谓语动词，所以upset只能填其非谓语动词；由句意可知，此处表示顺理成章的结果，所以填upsetting。
2．ignore vt.不理睬，忽视 归纳拓展 ignore sb./sth.不理睬某人/某事 be ignorant of/about sth.不知道某事 be in ignorance of/about sth.无知；不了解某事 be ignorant that...不知道……
③He ________ ________ history is doomed to repeat it. 谁无视历史，谁就注定要重蹈覆辙。 答案：①was ignored ②Having been ignored ③who ignores 3．calm vt.使平静；使镇静 adj.冷静的；平静的 归纳拓展 (1)calm sb./oneself down让某人/自己冷静下来 calm one's nerves镇定神经 calm the pain减轻痛苦 (2)be/stay/keep/remain calm保持镇静 (3)calmly adv.平静地；冷静地 ③________ ________ ________ ________ ________ matters much in case of emergency. 在紧急情况下我们应该保持镇静，这点至关重要。 (2)单句语法填空。 The gunmen ________(calm) walked away and escaped in a waiting car. 答案：(1)①had calmed down ②will calm down ③That we should stay/keep calm (2)calmly 句意：持枪歹徒不慌不忙地走开，坐上一辆等候的汽车逃走了。分析句子可知，此处所填词修饰动词walked away，所以填副词。
