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Unit 24 Society
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.accumulate v． 积累
2.burden n.
重担，负担
3.vacant adj.
未住人的，空置的
4.diverse adj.
各种各样的
5.resign vt.& vi.
辞职
6.delete vt.
删除
7.shrink vi.
(使)收缩，缩小
8.virtue n.
优点，长处
9.undertake vt.
着手做，从事
10.sentence n.
判决
11.moreover adv.
再者，此外
12.cast
v.
投下
13.preservation n．维护，保存→preserve vt.保存，保管
14.edition n．版，版本→edit vt.编辑，校订→editor n．编辑，校订者
15.voluntary adj.自愿的→volunteer v．自愿做 n．志愿者
16.abundant adj.大量的→abundance n．大量
17.signature n．签名→sign v．签名；打手势 n．招牌；迹象；符号
18.govern vt.统治，管理→governor n．统治者，总督→government n．政府
19.adjustment n．调整，调节→adjust vt.调整，调节vi.使适应
20.elect vt.选举，推选→election n．选举；当选；选择权
21.merciful adj.宽大的，仁慈的→mercy n．宽容，仁慈
22.rot vt.& vi.腐烂；腐朽n.腐败→rotten adj.腐烂的
23.thirst n．口渴→thirsty adj.口渴的
24.container n．容器；集装箱→contain vt.包含；装有；容纳；控制
25.consequently adv.所以，因此→consequent adj.作为结果的；必然的→consequence n．结果，后果 用所给词的适当形式填空1.She was a bright and eager student and, consequently (consequent), did well in school.
2.The wood was so rotten (rot) that you could put your finger through it.
3.Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance (abundant) on the island.
4.To adjust herself to the study abroad, she had to make some necessary adjustments to her habits.(adjustment)
5.In the latest election,_Mary was elected chairwoman of the Student Union.(elect)
6.The new governor is governing the state very well, which makes its government well received by people.(govern)
7.If you are willing to do voluntary work, you can be a volunteer.(voluntary)
8.Please give me a container. I want to use it to contain some water.(container)
9.The paintings are in an excellent state of preservation. That is to say, they are well preserved.(preservation)
10.She used to edit newspapers, and now she is the editor of a dictionary which is now in its sixth edition.(edition)
11.I'm really thirsty and only ice water can quench (解渴) my thirst. (thirst) 1.ate结尾动词一览
①accumulate 累积；积聚
②accelerate
(使)加快
③advocate
提倡，主张
④allocate
分配
⑤appreciate
欣赏；感激
⑥locate
使……坐落于
2.由shrink想到的动词
①extend
延伸；伸出
②increase
增加
③enlarge
扩大；放大
④expand
扩大；膨胀
⑤decrease
减少
⑥reduce
减少
3.“再者”过渡词集锦
①moreover
再者，此外
②furthermore
此外，而且
③besides
况且，再说
④in addition
此外
⑤what's more
更有甚者
4.virtue相关词汇小结
①optimism
乐观
②faith
忠诚
③modesty
谦虚
④bravery
勇敢，勇气
⑤justice
正义
⑥diligence
勤勉
⑦generosity
慷慨
5.under开头单词汇总
①undertake vt.
着手做，从事
②underclass n.
社会底层
③underdone adj.
未煮熟的
④undergo vt.
经历，经受
⑤underground adj.
地下的
⑥underline vt.
画线；强调
⑦underneath prep.
在……底下
⑧undersea adj.
海底的
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.come_into_being 形成，存在
2.wind_sb.up
故意惹恼某人
3.show_off
炫耀，夸耀
4.knock_into_sb.
撞上某人；偶然
遇到
5.break_into_
闯入；突然开始
(笑、唱等)
6.on_principle_
根据原则
7.sentence_sb.to_death
判某人死刑
8.be_well/better_off
过得好/过得更好
9.take_...seriously_
认真对待……
10.above_all
最重要的是；首先
11.do_away_with
废除；摆脱，消灭
12.to_start_with_
首先
13.play_an_important_role_in_..._
在……中起重要
作用
14.contribute_to_
促进，有助于
15.take_..._into_account
考虑；注意；体谅
16.keep_an_eye_on
注意，留意 选用左栏短语填空1.One must take the audience into_account when making speeches.
2.Honesty and hard work contribute_to success and happiness.
3.The driver lost control of his car and it knocked_into a tree.
4.Children should learn above_all how to observe good manners at table.
5.We're amazed at the amazing news that he was_sentenced_to_death.
6.They did_away_with those rules at those schools years ago.
7.We must keep_an_eye_on the stranger who is looking back and forth all the time.
8.The society today offers the young generation more chances to show_off their talent and skills.
9.Do you know when the Great Wall came_into_being？
10.As the President's car arrived, the crowd broke_into loud applause. 1.do短语集汇
①do away with 废除；摆脱
do harm to
对……有害
do justice to
公平对待
do one's best
尽力
do one's duty
尽职责
do up one's hair
做头发
do up
重新整修
do without
不用
2.“on＋n.”短语大全
on principle
根据原则
on average
平均
on purpose
故意地
on show/exhibition
在展出
on sale
出售
on business
出差
3.聚焦eye短语
keep an eye on
注意，留意
have a good eye for
对……有鉴赏眼光
look sb.in the eye
直视(正视)某人
catch one's eye
引起某人注意
[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]
1.I'd rather you didn't mention that.
我宁愿你没有提及那一点。would rather后跟从句时，从句要用虚拟语气。 我真希望你那天没有把那个消息告诉他。I'd rather you hadn't_told him the news that day.
2.What if some married people have affairs？
要是一些已婚的人有了婚外恋怎么办？ what if是连词词组，意为“要是……怎么办”。 要是林书豪缺席这场篮球赛会怎么样呢？What_if Jeremy Lin is absent from the basketball game？ 3.They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs, which made it easier to keep an eye on
people's movements.
然后他们就可以在各个胡同路口设置哨兵，这样更便于监视人们的举动。 “make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 成本不断上涨，生意很难做成。Rising costs made_it_hard to carry on business.
4.As a society, it's high time that we took these issues more seriously.
作为整个社会来讲，到了我们应该更加认真地考虑这些问题的时候了。 It's high time that sb. should do/did sth.“到某人做某事的时候了”。 到了我们采取措施保护自然资源的时候了。It's high time that we should_take/took_measures to preserve the natural resources.
1．abundant adj.大量的；丰富的；充裕的
[经典例句] We have abundant evidence to prove his guilt.(牛津P8)
我们有充分的证据证明他有罪。
(1)be abundant in 富有……；……很丰富
(2)abundance n.
丰富
an abundance of
丰富的，许多的
in abundance
大量；富裕
South Africa is a developing country which is_abundant_in natural resources.
南非是一个自然资源丰富的发展中国家。
If you travel in the sea, you will see an_abundance_of marine creatures.
如果你在海上旅行的话，会看到很多海洋生物。2．burden n．负担，重担 vt.(使)担负(沉重或艰难的任务、职责等)
[教材原句] Instead, they feel like a burden because every month we have to hand over most of the money we earn to pay for them.
相反，它们就像一种负担，因为我们每月都要将挣来的大部分的钱拿出来支付贷款。
(1)a burden on/to ... 是……的负担
bear/carry/reduce/share the burden
承受/担负/减少/分担重担
take on the burden
承担责任
(2)burden sb./oneself with sth.
装载……；使……负担……
be burdened with ...
负重；为……所累
①His invalid father is becoming a burden to/on him.
他父亲体弱多病，对他来说渐渐成了累赘。
②Why do you burden yourself with your sister's dog?
你何必自找麻烦为你姐姐的狗所累呢？
③Some parents complain that their children are_burdened_with heavy homework.
有些家长抱怨他们孩子的家庭作业繁重。
3．resign vt.&vi.辞职，辞去；使顺从
[教材原句] His boss insisted that he work longer hours so he resigned.
他的老板坚持要他更长时间地工作，所以他辞职了。
resign one's job/post/position辞去工作/职位
resign from
辞职
resign oneself to (doing) sth.
顺从……；使自己安于
(做)某事
resign as ...
辞去当……的职务
①He is still on the board, but he resigned as chairman some months ago.
他仍在董事会，但几个月前他辞去了董事长职务。
②Will you resign from the company if they ask you to?
如果他们让你辞职，你会离开公司吗？
③The team refused to resign themselves to_defeat/being_defeated (defeat)．
该队不甘失败。
4．elect vt.选举，推选；选择
[高考佳句] Besides, I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.(2024·陕西高考书面表达)
此外，我如此精通英语以至于被选为英语老师的助理。
elect sb.to ... 选举某人进入……
elect sb.(as/to be) ...
选举某人为……
elect to do sth.
选择做某事
①She became the first black woman to be elected to the Senate.
她成为第一个被选入参议院的黑人妇女。
②Employees may elect to_take (take) their pensions in monthly payments or as single lump sum.
雇员可选择按月或一笔一次性领取的退休金。
5．undertake vt.着手做，从事，承担；允诺，答应
[教材原句] Conditions improved a great deal and the government undertook the preservation of many of the oldest hutongs.
胡同的条件得到了很大的改善，政府对很多早期的胡同进行了修缮和保护。
undertake＋n./pron. 承担……
undertake to do ...
着手做……；答应做……
undertake that ...
答应……
undertake for ...
为……负责
I will undertake to_feed (feed) your dogs while you are away.
你不在家时我答应替你喂狗。
The sponsors undertake_that the proposal meets all the legal requirements.
倡议者担保这项提案符合所有法律要求。
We'll undertake_for your security while you are visiting our country.
当你访问我们国家时，我们将保证你的安全。
[写作联想] 例句②其他表达方式
The sponsors guarantee that the proposal meets all the legal requirements.
②The sponsors ensure that the proposal meets all the legal requirements.
③The sponsors make sure that the proposal meets all the legal requirements.
6．sentence n．&vt.判决；宣判；判刑
[教材原句] In the USA in the last 100 years, 23 men have been wrongly sentenced to death and there are doubts about 400 other cases.
在美国，在过去的100年里，23人已被误判为死刑，还有另外400件案例遭质疑。
(1)serve a sentence 服刑
pass/give sentence on sb.
给某人判刑
a death/life sentence
死刑/无期徒刑
(2)sentence sb.to ...
给某人判……刑(常用被动
语态)
be sentenced to death/three years in prison
被判死刑/三年徒刑
