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名师指点 现在完成时之二:Since 和 for 的用法

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  Since 和 for 的用法

  表示过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态常用的时间状语有:for, since, how long, so far, these days等。

  Since+过去点的时间,for+一段时间(数词+量词),此划线部分用how long提问。

  一、since短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今,since之后的时间为一点。 如:

  Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 1984年以来,史密斯先生一直在这工作。

  He’s learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college. 他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。

  二、for短语表示动作延续多长时间,for的宾语为时间段。 如:

  We have known each other for twenty years. 我们认识有二十年了。

  I haven’t seen her for a long time. 我好久没有见到她了。

  练习:用since和for填空

  1) ______ two years 2) _______ two years ago 3) _______ last month

  4) ______ 1999 5) _______ yesterday 6) _______ 4 o’clock

  7) ______ 4 hours 8) _______ an hour ago 9) _______ we were children

  10) _____ lunch time 11) ______ she left here

  1. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.

  2. I’ve known him __________ we were children.

  3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.

  4. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.

  5. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.

  2.短暂性转换延续性

  ①arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw.

  → be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there

  1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.

  He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for _________ _________.

  2) I moved to the USA last year.

  I ________ ________ __________ the USA since __________ __________.

  3) I went home yesterday.

  I _______ ________ _________ home for _________ __________.

  4) They came here last week.

  They _________ _________ here since _________ __________.

  ②come/go back, return → be back come/go out → be out

  1) He came out two years ago.

  He _________ __________ _________ for __________ __________.

  2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.

  We ________ ________ _________ to Fuzhou since __________.

  ③become → be

  1) I became a teacher in 2000.

  I ________ __________ a teacher for _________ _________.

  2) The river became dirty last year.

  The river _________ _________ dirty for _________ __________.

  ④close → be closed open → be open

  1) The shop closed two hours ago.

  The shop ________ _________ _________ for _________ _________.

  2) The door opened at six in the morning.

  The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.

  ⑤get up → be up die → be dead

  leave sw. → be away from sw.

  fall asleep/get tot sleep → be asleep

  finish/end → be over marry → be married

  1) I got up two hours ago.

  I ________ ________ ________ since ________ ________.

  2) He left Fuzhou just now.

  He _______ ________ ________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes.

  3) My grandpa died in 2002.

  My grandpa _______ _______ ________for _______ ________.

  4) The meeting finished at six.

  The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours.

  5) I got to sleep two hours ago.

  I ________ _________ _________ since _________ __________.

  6) They married in 1990.

  They ________ _________ __________since _________.

  ⑥start/begin to do sth. → do sth. begin → be on

  1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.

  I ____ ____ at this school since ____.

  2) The film began two minutes ago.

  The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.

  ⑦borrow → keep lose → not have buy → have put on → wear

  catch/get a cold → have a cold get to know → know

  1) They borrowed it last week.

  They _________ _________ it since __________ __________.

  2) I bought a pen two hours ago.

  I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________.

  3) I got to know him last year.

  I _________ __________ him since __________ __________.

  4) I put on my glasses three years ago.

  I __________ __________ my glasses for _________ _________.

  ⑧have/has gone to → have been in

  1) He has gone to Beijing.

  He ____ ____ _____ Beijing for two days.

  ⑨join the league/the Party/the army

  → be a league/a Party member/a soldier

  → be a member of the league/the Party

  → be in the league/the Party/the army

  1) He joined the league in 2002.

  He ________ _________ a _________ _________ for two years.

  He ________ __________ a __________ ___________ the __________ for two years.

  He ____________ ___________ ___________ the league for two years.

  2) My brother joined the army two years ago.

  My brother __________ __________ a ___________ for ___________ ___________.

  My brother ___________ ___________ in ____________ ___________ for two years.

  3.汉译英

  1)这本字典我已买了三年了。

  2)他离开中国三年了。

  3)我认识他们五年了。

  4)他们已去了美国五年了。

  5)自从他搬到福州,他就住这儿了。

  6)他们已经结婚10年。

  7)我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。

  8)这会已开了多长时间了?

  9)这门已经关了两天了。

  10)我入团2年了。

  I __________ ___________ ___________ two years ago.

  I __________ ___________ a ___________ ___________ for two years.

  I __________ ___________ a ___________ of __________ _________ for two years.

  I __________ ___________ ____________ the __________ for two years.

  11)自从1999年以来他们就认识。

  12)我来到农场已5年了。

  4.划线提问

  1) I have been there for two days.

  __________ _________ __________ you __________ __________ ?

  2) My father has lived here since 2000.

  _________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________?

  3) He left here yesterday.

  _________ ________ he _________ __________?

  4) They bought a book two hours ago.

  __________ ___________ they __________ a book

  Since 和 for 的用法

  表示过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态常用的时间状语有:for, since, how long, so far, these days等。

  Since+过去点的时间,for+一段时间(数词+量词),此划线部分用how long提问。

  一、since短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今,since之后的时间为一点。 如:

  Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 1984年以来,史密斯先生一直在这工作。

  He’s learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college. 他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。

  二、for短语表示动作延续多长时间,for的宾语为时间段。 如:

  We have known each other for twenty years. 我们认识有二十年了。

  I haven’t seen her for a long time. 我好久没有见到她了。

  练习:用since和for填空

  1) ______ two years 2) _______ two years ago 3) _______ last month

  4) ______ 1999 5) _______ yesterday 6) _______ 4 o’clock

  7) ______ 4 hours 8) _______ an hour ago 9) _______ we were children

  10) _____ lunch time 11) ______ she left here

  1. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.

  2. I’ve known him __________ we were children.

  3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.

  4. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.

  5. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.

  2.短暂性转换延续性

  ①arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw.

  → be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there

  1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.

  He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for _________ _________.

  2) I moved to the USA last year.

  I ________ ________ __________ the USA since __________ __________.

  3) I went home yesterday.

  I _______ ________ _________ home for _________ __________.

  4) They came here last week.

  They _________ _________ here since _________ __________.

  ②come/go back, return → be back come/go out → be out

  1) He came out two years ago.

  He _________ __________ _________ for __________ __________.

  2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.

  We ________ ________ _________ to Fuzhou since __________.

  ③become → be

  1) I became a teacher in 2000.

  I ________ __________ a teacher for _________ _________.

  2) The river became dirty last year.

  The river _________ _________ dirty for _________ __________.

  ④close → be closed open → be open

  1) The shop closed two hours ago.

  The shop ________ _________ _________ for _________ _________.

  2) The door opened at six in the morning.

  The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.

  ⑤get up → be up die → be dead

  leave sw. → be away from sw.

  fall asleep/get tot sleep → be asleep

  finish/end → be over marry → be married

  1) I got up two hours ago.

  I ________ ________ ________ since ________ ________.

  2) He left Fuzhou just now.

  He _______ ________ ________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes.

  3) My grandpa died in 2002.

  My grandpa _______ _______ ________for _______ ________.

  4) The meeting finished at six.

  The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours.

  5) I got to sleep two hours ago.

  I ________ _________ _________ since _________ __________.

  6) They married in 1990.

  They ________ _________ __________since _________.

  ⑥start/begin to do sth. → do sth. begin → be on

  1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.

  I ____ ____ at this school since ____.

  2) The film began two minutes ago.

  The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.

  ⑦borrow → keep lose → not have buy → have put on → wear

  catch/get a cold → have a cold get to know → know

  1) They borrowed it last week.

  They _________ _________ it since __________ __________.

  2) I bought a pen two hours ago.

  I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________.

  3) I got to know him last year.

  I _________ __________ him since __________ __________.

  4) I put on my glasses three years ago.

  I __________ __________ my glasses for _________ _________.

  ⑧have/has gone to → have been in

  1) He has gone to Beijing.

  He ____ ____ _____ Beijing for two days.

  ⑨join the league/the Party/the army

  → be a league/a Party member/a soldier

  → be a member of the league/the Party

  → be in the league/the Party/the army

  1) He joined the league in 2002.

  He ________ _________ a _________ _________ for two years.

  He ________ __________ a __________ ___________ the __________ for two years.

  He ____________ ___________ ___________ the league for two years.

  2) My brother joined the army two years ago.

  My brother __________ __________ a ___________ for ___________ ___________.

  My brother ___________ ___________ in ____________ ___________ for two years.

  3.汉译英

  1)这本字典我已买了三年了。

  2)他离开中国三年了。

  3)我认识他们五年了。

  4)他们已去了美国五年了。

  5)自从他搬到福州,他就住这儿了。

  6)他们已经结婚10年。

  7)我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。

  8)这会已开了多长时间了?

  9)这门已经关了两天了。

  10)我入团2年了。

  I __________ ___________ ___________ two years ago.

  I __________ ___________ a ___________ ___________ for two years.

  I __________ ___________ a ___________ of __________ _________ for two years.

  I __________ ___________ ____________ the __________ for two years.

  11)自从1999年以来他们就认识。

  12)我来到农场已5年了。

  4.划线提问

  1) I have been there for two days.

  __________ _________ __________ you __________ __________ ?

  2) My father has lived here since 2000.

  _________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________?

  3) He left here yesterday.

  _________ ________ he _________ __________?

  4) They bought a book two hours ago.

  __________ ___________ they __________ a book

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