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高中英语语法-语法·定语从句用法小结

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  语法定语从句用法小结

    [概念]

    在复合句中,修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句;被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词;定语从句必须放在先行词之后;引导定语从句的词叫关联词。如:

    [关联词]

    常见的关联词有关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose和关系副词where,when,why等。

    [种类]

    1.由that引导的定语从句

    一般情况下that可指人或物,可以代替who,whom和which,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语,但不能作介词的宾语。如:

    The comrade that(who)is speaking at the meeting is an advanced worker.正在会上讲话的那个同志是个先进工人。

    Is this the doctor that(whom)you talked about yesterday?这就是你们昨天谈论的那位医生吗?

    The letter that(which)I received yesterday was from my father.昨天我收到的信是我父亲寄来的。

    2.由who,whom和whose引导的定语从句

    who在从句中作主语,whom在从句中作宾语,whose在从句中作定语。如:

    This is the thief who stole my bike.这就是偷我自行车的那个贼。

    He is the boy whom you wanted to find.他就是你想要找的那个男孩。

    The girl whose mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside.妈妈是个医生的那个女孩在外面等你。

    3.由which引导的定语从句

    which指物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。如:

    The book which Mum bought me last week is calledRed Star Over China.妈妈上周买给我的那本书名叫《西行漫记》。

    The house which Lu Xun once lived in is now the Lu Xun Museum.鲁迅曾经住过的那所房子现在是鲁迅博物馆。

    4.由where,when和why引导的定语从句

    where在从句中作地点状语,when在从句中作时间状语,why在从句中作原因状语。如:

    I will never forget the day when I joined the League.我永远忘不了我入团的那一天。

    He will go back to the school where he studied next week.下周他要回到他曾经学习过的学校。

    I don't know the reason why he quarreled with Zhang Lin.我不知道他同张琳吵架的原因。

    [注意点]

    关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,关系代词常省去。如:The play(which)I watched just now had been on twice on Channel 3.我刚才看的那个戏剧在3频道上已上演了两次。

  语法定语从句用法小结

    [概念]

    在复合句中,修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句;被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词;定语从句必须放在先行词之后;引导定语从句的词叫关联词。如:

    [关联词]

    常见的关联词有关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose和关系副词where,when,why等。

    [种类]

    1.由that引导的定语从句

    一般情况下that可指人或物,可以代替who,whom和which,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语,但不能作介词的宾语。如:

    The comrade that(who)is speaking at the meeting is an advanced worker.正在会上讲话的那个同志是个先进工人。

    Is this the doctor that(whom)you talked about yesterday?这就是你们昨天谈论的那位医生吗?

    The letter that(which)I received yesterday was from my father.昨天我收到的信是我父亲寄来的。

    2.由who,whom和whose引导的定语从句

    who在从句中作主语,whom在从句中作宾语,whose在从句中作定语。如:

    This is the thief who stole my bike.这就是偷我自行车的那个贼。

    He is the boy whom you wanted to find.他就是你想要找的那个男孩。

    The girl whose mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside.妈妈是个医生的那个女孩在外面等你。

    3.由which引导的定语从句

    which指物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。如:

    The book which Mum bought me last week is calledRed Star Over China.妈妈上周买给我的那本书名叫《西行漫记》。

    The house which Lu Xun once lived in is now the Lu Xun Museum.鲁迅曾经住过的那所房子现在是鲁迅博物馆。

    4.由where,when和why引导的定语从句

    where在从句中作地点状语,when在从句中作时间状语,why在从句中作原因状语。如:

    I will never forget the day when I joined the League.我永远忘不了我入团的那一天。

    He will go back to the school where he studied next week.下周他要回到他曾经学习过的学校。

    I don't know the reason why he quarreled with Zhang Lin.我不知道他同张琳吵架的原因。

    [注意点]

    关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,关系代词常省去。如:The play(which)I watched just now had been on twice on Channel 3.我刚才看的那个戏剧在3频道上已上演了两次。

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