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[分词]分词作定语

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  不及物动词的现在分词作定语表达强调动作正在进行,过去分词强调完成;及物动词的现在分词作定语强调主动,过去分词强调被动。分词的完成式一般不作定语。分词作其他成分时,也是如此。分词作定语,单个的分词作定语一般前置;分词词组,个别分词如given, left等,修饰不定代词等的分词,作定语需后置。例如:

  We can see the rising sun. 我们可以看到东升的旭日

  He is a retired worker.  他是位退休的工人

  There was a girl sitting there. 有个女孩坐在那里

  This is the question given.   这是所给的问题

  There is nothing interesting.  没有有趣的东西

  分词作定语相当于定语从句,如Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists. = Most of the people who wereinvited to the party were famous scientists.

  典型例题

  1) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

  A. have written  B. to be written  C. being written  D. written

  答案D. 书与写作是被动关系,应用过去分词做定语表被动,相当于定语从句 which was written

  2)Whats the language ____ in Germany?

  A. speaking  B. spoken   C. be spoken  D. to speak

  答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。spoken,在句中作定语,修饰主语language, spoken 与 language有被动关系。该句可以理解为:Whats the language (which is) spoken in German?

  

  不及物动词的现在分词作定语表达强调动作正在进行,过去分词强调完成;及物动词的现在分词作定语强调主动,过去分词强调被动。分词的完成式一般不作定语。分词作其他成分时,也是如此。分词作定语,单个的分词作定语一般前置;分词词组,个别分词如given, left等,修饰不定代词等的分词,作定语需后置。例如:

  We can see the rising sun. 我们可以看到东升的旭日

  He is a retired worker.  他是位退休的工人

  There was a girl sitting there. 有个女孩坐在那里

  This is the question given.   这是所给的问题

  There is nothing interesting.  没有有趣的东西

  分词作定语相当于定语从句,如Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists. = Most of the people who wereinvited to the party were famous scientists.

  典型例题

  1) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

  A. have written  B. to be written  C. being written  D. written

  答案D. 书与写作是被动关系,应用过去分词做定语表被动,相当于定语从句 which was written

  2)Whats the language ____ in Germany?

  A. speaking  B. spoken   C. be spoken  D. to speak

  答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。spoken,在句中作定语,修饰主语language, spoken 与 language有被动关系。该句可以理解为:Whats the language (which is) spoken in German?

  

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