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外交部军控司司长王群在第71届联大一委一般性辩论中的发言
Statement by Ambassador Wang Qun, Director-General of the Arms Control Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China, at the General Debate of the First Committee of the 71st Session of the UNGA
2024年10月10日，纽约
10 October 2024, New York
主席先生：
Mr. Chairman,
首先，祝贺阁下当选本届联大一委主席。相信你丰富的外交经验和智慧将引导本次会议取得成功。中国代表团愿与你及各国代表团充分合作。
Let me begin by congratulating Your Excellency on your election to the chairmanship of the First Committee of the General Assembly. I am confident that your rich diplomatic experience and wisdom will guide this session to success, and my delegation wishes to assure you and other delegations of its full cooperation.
主席先生，
Mr. Chairman,
和平与发展是国际社会的共同诉求。历史一再证明，没有和平就没有发展，没有稳定就没有繁荣。今天，人类社会已成为你中有我、我中有你的命运共同体，各国安全利益紧密关联。
Peace and development are the common aspiration of mankind. History has proven time and again that without peace, there will be no development, and without stability, there will be no prosperity. Today, human society has become an intimate community of common destiny with the security interests of all countries intertwined.
当前世界正处于前所未有的大变革中，国际形势总体稳定，但地缘政治热点此起彼伏，恐怖主义和极端主义日益猖獗，核裁军进程举步维艰，核不扩散体系权威受损，网络、外空等新兴战略领域规则缺失，全球战略平衡与稳定基础受到侵蚀。
The current world is undergoing uNPRecedented changes. While the international situation is stable on the whole, geopolitical hot-spot issues keep cropping up, terrorism and extremism have become increasingly rampant, the nuclear disarmament process is faltering, the authority of the nuclear non-proliferation regime is being undermined, rules and norms on the emerging strategic frontiers such as cyberspace, outer space are yet to be put in place, and the basis for global strategic balance and stability is getting eroded.
主席先生，
Mr. Chairman,
要有效应对上述国际安全挑战，国际社会就需通力合作，重点做好以下工作：
To effectively tackle the above-mentioned international security challenges, the international community needs cooperate fully and focus efforts on the following:
第一，旗帜鲜明地倡导国际安全新理念。国际社会应摒弃冷战思维，树立共同、综合、合作、可持续安全观，营造公道正义、共建共享的安全格局，构建以合作共赢为核心的新型国际关系，携手打造人类命运共同体。
First, take a clear-cut stand to advocate a new concept of international security. The international community should abandon cold-war mentality, foster a new concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, and create a security pattern featuring fairness, justice, joint participation and shared benefits. We should build a new type of international relations underpinned by win-win cooperation, and make concerted efforts to forge a community of common destiny for mankind.
中国始终是世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者和国际秩序的维护者。中国从不觊觎他国权益，但也决不放弃自己的正当权益。中国一直奉行防御性国防政策。中国军队始终是维护世界和平和地区稳定的坚定力量。去年以来，中国全面实施改革强军战略，深化国防和军队改革，宣布裁军30万。军改是中国应对国际形势复杂变化，为建设同中国国际地位相称、同国家安全和发展利益相适应的国防和军队所作出的重大战略决策。这再次体现了中国坚定不移走和平发展道路的决心。
China has always endeavored to build world peace, contributed to global development and upheld international order. China has never been covetous of the rights and interests of other countries, and it will never give up its legitimate rights and interests. China has consistently pursued a national defense policy that is defensive in nature. The Chinese army has always been a staunch force in maintaining world peace and regional stability. Since last year, China has started the comprehensive implementation of its strategy of reforming and strengthening the armed forces, launched the process of deepening reform of national defense and the military, and announced the decision to cut the number of its troops by 300,000. National defense and military reform is a major strategic decision that China has made to cope with the complex international situation, and build strong national defense and powerful armed forces which are commensurate with China’s international standing and correspond to its security and development interests. The reform again shows China’s firm commitment to peaceful development.
第二，不遗余力地维护全球战略平衡与稳定。全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器、实现无核武器世界，是国际社会的共同夙愿。核裁军进程应在坚持“维护全球战略稳定”和“各国安全不受减损”原则基础上，循序渐进加以推进。不首先使用核武器政策能够有效降低核武器威胁、减少核战争危险和防止核武器扩散，应得到普遍遵行。
Second, spare no efforts to maintain global strategic balance and stability. It is the shared aspiration of the international community to completely prohibit and thoroughly destroy nuclear weapons, and achieve the goal of a world free of nuclear weapons. Nuclear disarmament should be pursued in a step-by-step manner, on the basis of upholding the principles of maintaining global strategic stability and undiminished security for all. The policy of no-first-use of nuclear weapons deserves universal compliance as it can effectively reduce threats of nuclear weapons, decrease the danger of a nuclear war, and prevent nuclear proliferation.
中国一贯主张全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器，始终恪守在任何时候、任何情况下不首先使用核武器的承诺。中国一直积极参与《不扩散核武器条约》审议进程和五核国会议。中国是最早签署《全面禁止核试验条约》的国家之一，恪守暂停核试验承诺。今年是条约达成20周年，中国出席了相关部长级会议，参加了五核国于9月15日发表的《全面禁止核试验条约》共同声明，并投票支持9月23日通过的相关安理会决议。
China has always stood for complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons, and adhered to the policy of no-first-use of nuclear weapons at any time and under any circumstance. China has actively participated in the review process of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) and the P5 Conferences. Being among the first group of countries to sign the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), China has always honored its commitment of moratorium on nuclear tests. This year marks the 20th anniversary of the adoption of CTBT. China attended the relevant ministerial meeting, joined the P5 Statement on CTBT released on 15 September 2024, and voted in favor of the relevant UNSC Resolution adopted on 23 September 2024.
反导问题事关全球战略稳定和大国互信。美国全球反导建设，严重损害相关国家战略安全利益，将导致核裁军进程受阻，并引发地区军备竞赛，加剧军事对抗。特别是美国在韩国部署“萨德”反导系统，并不能解决有关方的安全关切，无助于实现半岛无核化目标，也不利于半岛和平稳定。此举还将严重损害包括中国在内的本地区国家的战略安全利益，破坏地区战略平衡。中国对此坚决反对，将采取必要措施维护国家安全利益和地区战略平衡。我们强烈敦促美韩多做有利于半岛和平稳定的事，并正视包括中国在内本地区国家的合理关切，立即停止有关部署进程。
The issue of missile defense system concerns global strategic stability and mutual trust between major countries. The deployment of global missile defense systems by the US seriously undermines the strategic security interests of related countries. It will impede the nuclear disarmament process, trigger regional arms race, and escalate military confrontation. Particularly the deployment of the THAAD system by the US in the ROK will in no way help address the security concerns of relevant parties, realize denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and maintain peace and stability on the Peninsula. Its deployment will severely undermine the strategic security interests of regional countries including China and disrupt regional strategic balance, to which China is firmly opposed, and China will take necessary measures to defend national security interests and regional strategic balance. We strongly urge the US and the ROK to spend more efforts on upholding peace and stability on the Peninsula, take seriously the legitimate concerns of China and other regional countries, and immediately stop the deployment process.
第三，与时俱进地推进国际安全领域规则制定。国际社会既应在核、生物、化学等领域继续落实好现有国际规则，并推动其发展完善；也应重视网络、外空等领域的规则缺失问题，积极推动建章立制，使新疆域最大程度地造福人类。中国高度重视全球安全治理规则制定，并积极贡献中国智慧。中国领导人参加了历届核安全峰会，习近平主席首倡中国“核安全观”，主张构建公平、合作、共赢的国际核安全体系。中俄等共同提出外空条约草案，并倡议不首先在外空部署武器。在《禁止生物武器公约》框架下，中国倡议制定“生物科学家行为准则范本”，建立“生物防扩散出口控制与国际合作机制”。
Third, advance with the times and promote the establishment of rules and norms on international security. On the one hand, the international community should continue to implement, develop and improve the existing international rules and norms in nuclear, biological, chemical and other areas. On the other hand, it should also pay due attention to the absence of rules and norms in the emerging frontiers such as cyber and outer space, and actively push for the establishment of relevant rules and norms in order to make these frontiers benefit mankind to the maximum extent. China attaches great importance to the formulation of rules and norms on global security governance and actively offers Chinese wisdom. Chinese leaders participated in successive Nuclear Security Summits. President Xi Jinping put forward China’s approach to nuclear security, advocating the building of an international nuclear security system featuring fairness and win-win cooperation. China, Russia and other countries jointly proposed a draft Treaty on the Prevention of the Placement of Weapons in Outer Space and of the Threat or Use of Force against Outer Space Objects (PPWT), and advocated no first placement of weapons in outer space. Within the framework of the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), China proposed the formulation of a Template of Code of Conduct for Biological Scientists and the establishment of a Non-Proliferation Export Control and International Cooperation Regime.
网络空间是人类共同财富，国际社会应站在命运共同体高度，维护网络空间的安全与发展。为此，中国倡导秉持和平、主权、普惠、共治原则，构建基于规则的网络空间秩序。在这一过程中，既要继承，不持定见地研究现有国际法适用问题；也要创新，制定新的国际规则，应对紧迫挑战。现阶段，制定网络空间国家行为规范和建立信任措施可以成为努力重点，为规则体系建设积累共识。中国支持联合国信息安全政府专家组就此全面深入开展工作。
Cyberspace is the common asset of mankind. The international community should safeguard the security and development of cyberspace from the perspective of building a community of common destiny. To this end, China advocates that the principles of peace, sovereignty, co-governance and universal benefit be followed in building a rule-based cyberspace. In this process, we should both work on current basis and consider the applicability of existing international law to cyberspace without pre-conceived views, and make innovations and develop new international rules in response to imminent threats. At the present stage, priority could be given to developing norms for state behavior and confidence building measures in cyberspace, which would help foster common understanding on the establishment of a rule system. China supports comprehensive and in-depth discussions by the UNGGE in this regard.
第四，始终不渝地巩固多边裁军条约机制，反对在裁谈会之外“另起炉灶”的做法。现有军控、裁军与防扩散条约对国际安全秩序的稳定发挥了支柱性作用。《不扩散核武器条约》作为国际核不扩散体系的基石，确立了核裁军、核不扩散和和平利用核能三大支柱，事关各国安全和人民福祉，应全面、平衡、理性予以推进。双重标准等选择性做法只会严重损害条约价值和权威，引发不良后果。裁谈会作为唯一多边裁军谈判机构的地位不可替代，联大一委、裁审会等多边裁军机构的作用不容否定，“另起炉灶”将动摇国际安全机制根基，绝非解决问题的正确途径。中国反对这种在裁谈会之外“另起炉灶”的做法。
Fourth, make steadfast efforts to consolidate the multilateral disarmament treaty mechanisms, and oppose to set up “new kitchens” outside of the Conference on Disarmament (CD). The existing arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation treaties serve as the pillar for the stability of international security order. NPT is the cornerstone of international nuclear non-proliferation regime. The NPT’s three pillars of nuclear disarmament, non-proliferation and peaceful use of nuclear energy must be promoted in a comprehensive, balanced and rational way, as they bear on the security of all countries and the well-being of their people. Double standards and other selective approaches can only seriously undermine NPT’s value and authority, resulting in negative consequences. The CD is irreplaceable as the sole multilateral negotiating body for disarmament, and the First Committee of the UNGA and UNDC play an irrefutable role in multilateral disarmament. The approach to set up “new kitchens” will only weaken the foundation of international security mechanisms, and is by no means the right way to solve problems. China opposes the approach to set up “new kitchens” outside of the CD.
中国始终致力于加强军控和防扩散领域国际条约的普遍性、权威性和有效性，维护其宗旨和原则，履行条约义务，支持历届联大有关决议。中国积极参与安理会1540决议全面审议进程和防扩散委员会及其他专家小组工作，支持建立无核武器区努力，为完善和发展相关条约与机制贡献正能量。中国一贯支持裁谈会在达成全面、平衡工作计划基础上，尽早启动各项实质性工作，早日重振多边裁军机制。
China has been committed to strengthening the universality, authority and effectiveness of international arms control and non-proliferation treaties, maintaining their purposes and principles, fulfilling China’s treaty obligations and supporting all relevant UNGA resolutions. China has taken an active part in the comprehensive review of the implementation of UNSC Resolution 1540 and the work of 1540 committee as well as its expert group. We always support the establishment of nuclear-weapon-free-zones, and have made positive contributions to the improvement and development of relevant treaties and mechanisms. China always supports the CD’s early commencement of substantive work on the basis of the adoption of a comprehensive and balanced Program of Work, with a view to revitalizing the multilateral disarmament mechanism at an early date.
第五，积极稳妥地处理全球热点安全问题。解决热点安全问题需要通盘考虑其历史经纬和现实状况，综合施策，既着力解决当前突出的地区安全问题，又统筹谋划如何应对潜在的安全威胁，避免头痛医头、脚痛医脚。
Fifth, work actively and prudently to deal with global hot-spot issues. Historical factors and reality on the ground have to be taken into consideration and integrated measures are required in the settlement of hot-spot issues. We should focus on resolving the pressing regional security issues as well as on exploring ways to deal with potential security threats. It is important to avoid only addressing the superficial problems while ignoring the root causes.
长期以来，中国积极参与热点问题解决进程。在伊核问题上，中国始终秉持客观公正立场，通过劝和促谈推动达成全面协议，并积极推进阿拉克重水堆改造等后续执行工作。中国希望有关各方坚守政治承诺，平衡履行义务，妥善处理分歧，推动全面协议贯彻始终。关于朝鲜半岛核问题，中国认为，应坚持实现半岛无核化目标，坚持维护半岛和地区和平稳定，坚持通过对话协商解决问题，有效维护国际核不扩散体系。
China has all along worked actively to help solve hot-spot issues. On the Iranian nuclear issue, China has always upheld an objective and balanced position, contributed to the conclusion of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) through dialogue and consultation, and actively promoted the modernization of Arak heavy water reactor project and other follow-up work related to implementation of JCPOA. We hope parties concerned will honor their political commitment, fulfill their obligations in a balanced manner, properly handle disputes and push for the full implementation of JCPOA. On the nuclear issue on the Korean peninsula, China believes that it is imperative to achieve denuclearization on the Peninsula, and maintain peace and stability both on the Peninsula and in the region. It is important to address issues through dialogue and consultation, and effectively uphold the international nuclear non-proliferation regime.
