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定语从句
定语从句
whose 是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，相当于my，his，her，its，their等修饰人或物。of which 可以代替whose 指物，词序一般是名词＋of which 或of which ＋名词。of whom 可以代替whose 指人，词序是名词＋of whom。
(2009·安徽卷)Many children，whose parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.
父母亲在大城市里打工的许多孩子在村庄里被照顾的非常好。
(2010·江苏卷)The newlybuilt cafe，the walls of which are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work.这家新建的墙体被涂成浅绿色的咖啡厅对我们而言确实是个安静场所，尤其是在辛苦工作之后。
1.(2010·北京卷)Children who are not active or________diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
A．whatB．whose
C．which
D．that
解析： 句意为：一些不是很活跃，或者他们的饮食中热量太高的孩子会很快长胖。本题考查定语从句。先行词为children，or 连接两个并列的定语从句，第一个定语从句的引导词为who，第二个引导词为考查点，先行词children在第二个定语从句中与从句中的主语diet形成所属关系：children’s diet，故选择B项。
答案： B
2．(2010·陕西卷)The old temple________roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.
A．where
B．which
C．its
D．whose
解析： 句意为：那座在暴风雨中屋顶受损的古庙现在正在维修当中。本题考查定语从句的用法。此句先行词是the old temple，代入定语从句后为：The_old_temple’s roof was damaged in a storm.由此可知先行词在定语从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose 引导。
答案： D
3．(2010·浙江卷)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of________left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A．whom
B．which
C．them
D．those
解析： 句意为：近千人在这一小社区居住，他们当中很多都是从农村老家来城市寻求更好的日子的。本题考查定语从句。先行词为1,000 people，代入定语从句为many of 1,000 people left their village homes for a better life in the city，关系代词在从句中作介词of的宾语且指人，故用whom。
答案： A
1．与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。
The man (who/whom/that)I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.
＝The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.在会议中我与他谈话的那个人是从北京大学来的。
注意： 但是在下面一句中for 不可以提前，因为look for 是动词词组。
This is the person(who/whom/that)you are looking for.
这就是你找的那个人。
2．与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。
He built a telescope，through which he could study the skies.
他架起一架望远镜，通过它他可以研究天空。
In the dark street，there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.
在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。
3．of＋which/whom表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose)
Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which (＝whose price) was very reasonable.
最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。
1.(2011·龙岩检测)At 13，Samuel received a training course in drawing for three years，________he got a good opportunity for further development.
A．after thatB．after which
C．after it
D．after this
解析： 考查定语从句。after which he got a good opportunity for further development 是非限制性定语从句。
答案： B
2．(2010·上海卷)Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future.
A．on whichB．by which
C．to whichD．from which
解析： 句意为：风力是很古老的一种能源，不久的将来我们也许会再利用它。考查定语从句。return to重新利用，属于固定搭配。故排除含有介词on，by 和from 的A、B、D项。
答案： C
3．(2011·东北三校一模)There are 51 students in Class Three，________failed in the test.
A．all of whichB．all of them
C．none of whomD．none of them
解析： 考查定语从句。后半句是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students ，应用whom引导。因为前后两句之间没有并列连词，所以B、D两项不正确。
答案： C
point，situation，case等，从表面上看它们不是表地点的，但却表示类似地点的意义，因此它们作先行词时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，那么这个引导词要用where；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。
(2009·福建卷)It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves different.(where 作状语)
把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们有益。
Now there is just one point that/which I wish you make quite clear.(which/that 作宾语)现在只有一点我希望你弄清楚。
1.(2011·云南检测)—Do you have anything to say for yourselves?
—Yes，there’s one point________we must insist on.
A．why
B．where
C．how
D．/
解析： the point 作介词on的宾语，因此应选用关系代词或者省略。
答案： D
2．(2009·浙江卷)I have reached a point in my life________I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A．which
B．where
C．how
D．why
解析： 句意为：我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段。where 引导定语从句修饰先行词point。
答案： B
3．(2010·北京朝阳期中)The doctor said that the treatment would continue until the patient reached the point________he could walk correctly and safely.
A．where
B．when
C．which
D．that
解析： point 为先行词，后面为定语从句，在定语从句中walk 为不及物动词，从句不缺少宾语，且表时间故用when引导。句意为：医生说，病人的治疗要持续到他能够安全稳当地行走为止。
答案： B
1．as 与which 都可以代指主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容，有时可以互换。
He married her，as (which) was natural.
很自然地，他和她结婚了。
(2009·山东卷)Whenever I met her，which was fairly often，she greeted me with a sweet smile.
不管我何时遇见她，她都用甜甜的微笑迎接我，这是常事儿。
2．但在下列情况下一般只能用as。
(1)as引导的定语从句可以放在句首，而which 则不能。
As we know，more than seventy percent of the earth is covered with water.正如我们所知，地球表面的70%以上被水覆盖。
(2)as 表示“正如，正像”，而which 无此意。
此时，as从句中常有know，expect，happen，point out，plan，suggest 等单词或短语。
He came back home late，as we expected.
正如我们所料，他回家晚了。
(3)当先行词被the same，such 修饰时，定语从句需用as引导。
I bought the same book as you have.
我买了一本跟你一样的书。
I’ll give you such things as you may need.
我将给你你需要的东西。
He’ll marry as pretty a girl as he can find.
他将与他能发现的最漂亮的女孩结婚。
(4)但是当先行词被the same修饰时，that 也可引导定语从句，但意义有所不同。
the same...as(指同样或同类的)，the same...that (指同一个)
This is the same watch as I lost.
这块表与我丢的那块一样。
This is the same watch that I lost.
这就是我丢的那块表。
1.(2011·山东潍坊质量抽样)Her books were all over the dining table，________meant we had to eat in the kitchen.
A．which
B．what
C．that
D．it
解析： 句意为：她的书摆满了餐桌，这就意味着我们必须在厨房吃饭了。which 引导的是非限制性定语从句，代替主句所表达的整个内容。
答案： A
2．(2011·浙江金华一中月考)Mrs Black took the police back to ________ place________she witnessed the robbery.
A．the same；that
B．the same；as
C．the same；whereD．as the same；is
解析： 句意为：Black 夫人把警察带到她目睹抢劫案的那个地方。可见在以the same place 为先行词的定语从句中，从句缺少的是地点状语，因此用where。A、B两项中的引导词that，as均为关系代词，要在从句中作主语或宾语，故错误。
答案： C
3．(2011·银川实验中学第一次月考)________is mentioned above，the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.
A．Which
B．As
C．That
D．It
解析： as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首，which引导的定语从句不能放在主句的前面；that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。it 可以作形式主语，如果把句子中的逗号改为that，D项也正确。句意为：正像上文提到的那样，高中生的数量在增长。
答案： B
4．(2010·四川卷)After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，________turned out to be a wise decision.
A．that
B．which
C．when
D．where
解析： 句意为：大学毕业之后，我休息了一段时间去旅游，结果证明这是一个明智的决定。本题考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知第二个逗号后是一非限制性定语从句，排除A项；定语从句缺主语，排除C、D两项，先行词是逗号前的整个句子，所以B为正确答案。
答案： B
5．(2011·黄冈检测)Beijing was attacked by such a terrible sandstorm ________few residents had ever experienced before.
A．as
B．which
C．and it wasD．that
解析： 考查定语从句。as在此处为关系代词，作experienced 的宾语。
答案： A
1．(2010·重庆卷)In China，the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world.
A．where
B．which
C．whose
D．that
解析： 句意为：在中国，城市的数量在快速地增加，其发展被世界所公认。考查定语从句。先行词为cities，代入定语从句后为：The cities’ development is recognized across the world.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作定语，故用whose。
答案： C
2．(2010·湖南卷)I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school________I met in the English speech contest last year.
A．who
B．where
C．when
D．which
解析： 代入定语从句后为：I met several of the students in the English speech contest last year.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作宾语，先行词指人，故用who/whom/that引导，故答案为A。
答案： A
3．(2010·山东卷)That’s the new machine________parts are too small to be seen.
A．that
B．which
C．whose
D．what
解析： 句意为：那台新机器的部件太小了，以至于都看不见。考查定语从句。先行词为the new machine，代入定语从句后为：the new machine’s parts are too small to be seen，可以看出the new machine 在定语从句中作定语，故用whose。
答案： C
4．(2010·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)As a child，Jack studied in a village school，________is named after his grandfather.
A．which
B．where
C．what
D．that
解析： 句意为：小时候，杰克在一所乡村学校读书，那所学校是以他祖父的名字命名的。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是a village school，代入定语从句后为：The village school is named after his grandfather.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作主语，且该从句为非限制性定语从句，故用which引导。
答案： A
5．(2010·江西卷)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister________she would stay for an hour.
A．where
B．who
C．which
D．what
解析： 句意为：这个女孩准备在培训中心和她姐姐一起上钢琴课。在那里她将待一小时。本题考查定语从句。先行词为the training centre，从句中缺少地点状语，故选where。
答案： A
6．(2010·全国卷Ⅱ)I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.
A．whoB．that
C．asD．what
解析： 句意为：我拒绝接受因为别人的错误而遭受的责备。本题考查定语从句关系词的选择。先行词在从句中作主语，而且为不定代词something，关系词只能用that。
答案： B
7．(2009·江西卷)The house I grew up________has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
A．in it
B．in
C．in that
D．in which
解析： 分析句子结构可知house后面有一个限制性定语从句，而且定语从句的引导词已经省略，那么该引导词一定在定语从句中作宾语，所以此空中要填介词in，且其后不能再有宾语。
答案： B
8．(2009·陕西卷)Gun control is a subject________Americans have argued for a long time.
A．of whichB．with which
C．about whichD．into which
解析： 句意为：枪支的控制是在美国争论了很长时间的一个话题。此题考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。先行词为subject，带入定语从句后为：Americans have argued about the subject for a long time.由此可知，先行词在定语从句中作about的宾语，介词about提前，故用关系代词which。
