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词汇句型天天记
重点单词
route n.路；路线；航线
ruin v.毁坏，破坏；n.毁灭；[pl.]废墟
sake n.缘故，理由
satellite n.卫星
scale n.大小，规模；等级；刻度
temple n.庙宇
tedious adj.乏味的，单调的
tend vi.易于，趋向
tendency n.趋向，趋势
ultimate adj.极端的，最大的，最终的；n.极端
undergo v.经历，遭受
abundant adj.丰富的，充裕的；大量的
adopt v.收养；采用，采纳
adapt vi.适应，适合；vt.改编，改写；使适应
bachelor n.学士，学士学位；单身汉
casual adj.偶然的，碰巧的；临时的；非正式的
trap n.陷阱，圈套；v.使陷入困境
vacant adj.空的，未占用的
vacuum n.真空；真空吸尘器
oral adj.口头的；口腔的
organ n.器官；风琴
excess n.过分；过量；过剩
重点短语
back up 支持
be absorbed in 专心致力于……
be accustomed to 习惯于
be addicted to 沉溺于；使吸毒成瘾
be beneficial to 有利于，有益于
重点句型
1.Were/Should/Had＋主语＋其他＋主句
Were I you，I would have gone there yesterday.
如果我是你的话，我昨天就去了。
Had it not been for him，all the people on board would be killed.
如果没有他的话，车上所有的乘客都会遇难。
only＋状语(从句)＋倒装句
Only when agriculture is fully developed can industry have sufficient materials and markets.
只有农业发展了，工业才有足够的原料和市场。
3.Never/Hardly/Seldom/Barely/Rarely/Scarcely/Little...＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语＋其他
Never before has this city been in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.
这个城市从来没像现在这样急需现代化交通工具。
请根据以下要点，适当发挥，写一篇100～120词的议论文。要点如下：
标题：Silence Is Not Always Gold
提示：
1．沉默是金被很多人奉为人生准则；
2．但是生活中沉默往往未必是金；
3．试举例说明。
参考范文
Silence Is Not Always Gold
“Silence is gold” is a popular saying in which many people have belief. To these people speaking too much is not a merit.
However，if you always keep silent，you will probably miss many golden opportunities instead of obtaining the gold of silence. Last week I read an article written by an office lady. The company where she worked had two kinds of offices：cubicle office and window office. As a new employee she worked in a cubicle office together with twenty colleagues. Two years later she still worked there but some colleagues who came later than her had moved into the window office. She felt confused. One day one colleague told her that window office would not be granted without request. But believing that she would certainly gain one if she did a good job，the woman had never asked for it.
From the woman’s experience we learn that silence is not always gold.In the modern society one needs to express his/her mind and speak for his/her own interests.
一、单项填空
1．—Mike got “F” in his history test.
—________？He has been working so hard on it.A．How comeB．So what
C．What forD．Why not
解析 考查交际用语。How come意为“怎么会？(某事物)怎样解释？”；So what意为“那又怎样”；What for意为“为什么？”，表示原因；Why not表示向对方提出建议。
2．He sighed again and the failure in physics seemed to
have completely ________ his confidence.
A．injured
B．destroyed
C．shocked
D．attacked
解析 考查动词辨析。injure意为“伤害，损害”；destroy意为“破坏，毁坏”；shock意为“使震惊”；attack意为“攻击，抨击”。
3．The financial crisis has put the world economy in a
difficult ________.
A．occasion
B．condition
C．evaluation
D．situation
解析 考查名词辨析。occasion意为“场合，时机，机会”；condition意为“情况，条件”；evaluation意为“评价”；situation表示“形势，情况，局面”。本句中situation作“局面”讲。
4．________ is often the case with elder people，my grandma talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop.
A．ThatB．Which
C．AsD．It
解析 考查定语从句的引导词。表示“正如……”时，只能用关系代词as。as引导的从句放在主句的前面、中间或末尾都可以。
5．________ in some rural schools that the teacher is even unable to walk through the rows of desks.
A．The classroom is as crowded
B．So crowded is the classroom
C．As crowded the classroom is
D．The classroom is such crowded
解析 考查倒装句。修饰表语形容词crowded应用so；而“so...that...”引导结果状语从句并把so提到句首时，句子应采用部分倒装。
6．________ five minutes ________，we arrived at the railway station with our heavy luggage.
A．There were；to go
B．It had；left
C．It was；left
D．With；to go
解析 考查“with＋名词/代词＋不定式”结构。句意为：尽管剩下五分钟，我们还是带着沉重的行李赶到了车站。
7．The police tried to get some clues from the suspect，but he remained ________.
A．silentB．quiet
C．calm
D．secret
解析 考查形容词辨析。silent意为“沉默的，寡言的”；quiet意为“安静的，轻声的”；calm意为“镇静的，沉着的，平静的”；secret意为“秘密的”。
8．To some people life is enjoyable，while to ________ it is suffering.
A．onesB．others
C．those
D．another
解析 考查代词的用法。some...others表示“一些……，一些……”，是固定搭配。
9．When you finish your work，don’t forget to put the tools back where they ________.
A．are
B．will be
C．were
D．had been
解析 考查动词的时态。这里表示把工具放回原来的地方，所以用一般过去时。
10．The interview he paid little attention to ________ him the chance to work in this company.
A．being costB．be cost
C．costingD．cost
解析 interview后省略了关系代词that，that在定语从句中作paid little attention to的宾语，所以主句缺少谓语动词，故选D。
11．Many parents feel that their child’s IQ is ________ determines how well they are going to do in their future life.
A．whatB．that
C．whichD．where
解析 what在宾语从句中作is的表语，又在表语从句中作主语，具有双重功能。
12．Do remember me to your parents，________？
A．will youB．don’t you
C．do you
D．won’t you
解析 考查反意疑问句。通常肯定祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you或won’t you；否定祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you；而此祈使句前面加助动词do来表示强调，反意疑问句的疑问部分用will you。
13．Several years had passed ________ I finally realized the true value of friendship.
A．when
B．that
C．before
D．until
解析 考查状语从句的引导词。before引导时间状语从句，意思是“……才”。
14．The society today offers the young generation more chances to ________ their talent and skills.
A．give outB．take in
C．show off
D．carry on
解析 考查动词短语辨析。give out作“分发；发出(气味、热等)”讲时，是及物动词，作“用尽，精疲力竭”讲时，是不及物动词；take in意为“吸收；理解；欺骗”；show off意为“卖弄，炫耀”；carry on意为“继续”。
15．It was the training ________ he had as a young man ________ made him such a good engineer.
A．what；thatB．which；thatC．that；which
D．that；what
解析 考查定语从句与强调句。这个强调句强调的是句子的主语the training，而the training又后接一个定语从句。
二、阅读理解
A
Stephen Hawking，the most famous theoretical physician after Albert Einstein，author of A Brief History of Time，was to attend the opening ceremony of a mathematics institute at Zhejiang University.
Stephen Hawking was born on 8 January,1942 in Oxford，England.When he was eight，his family moved to St Albans，a town about 20 miles north of London.At the age of eleven Stephen went to St Albans School，and then went on to Oxford University，his father’s old college.Stephen wanted to do Mathematics，although his father would have preferred Medicine.Mathematics was not available at Oxford University，so he did Physics instead.After three years and not very much work he was awarded a first-class degree in Natural Science.
Stephen then went on to Cambridge to do research in Cosmology (宇宙学)，because no one worked in that area in Oxford at that time.After gaining his PhD，first he became a research fellow，and later on a professional fellow at Gonville and Caius College.After leaving the Institute of Astronomy in 1973，Stephen went to the department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics，and since 1979 he has held the post of professor of Mathematics，which was held by Isaac Newton in 1663.He is a fellow of the Royal Society and a member of the US National Academy of Science.
Stephen Hawking has been working on the basic laws that govern the universe.He is particularly interested in unifying the General Relativity Theory and Quantum Theory to study black hole.
A great man of science sitting in the wheelchair，Stephen Hawking has suffered from a serious disease for decades.In 1963，he caught a disease that couldn’t be cured then.Up to 1974，he was able to feed himself，and a private nurse went to his house for an hour or two in the morning and evening.In 1985，he caught pneumonia (肺炎) and had an operation.After the operation，he lost his ability to speak.For a time，the only way he could communicate was to spell out words letter by letter，by raising his eyebrows when someone pointed to the right letter on a spelling card.
1．Stephen Hawking studied________ at Oxford University.
A．MathematicsB．Physics
C．Medicine
D．Cosmology
解析 细节理解题。文章第二段说明霍金在牛津大学最终学的是物理学。
2．We can infer from the passage that Stephen Hawking________.
A．gained his PhD of Cosmology at Cambridge
B．was a professor at Gonville and Caius College
C．was a research fellow of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics
D．was a member of the UK National Academy of Science
解析 细节理解题，通过文章的第三段的前两句可得出答案。B，C，D三项与原文不符。
3．Stephen Hawking lost his ability of speaking at the age of________.
A．21
B．32
C．43
D．38
解析 细节理解题。霍金出生于1942年，而失去说话的能力是在1985年。
4．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Stephen Hawking：the Man of the Strongest Will
B．Stephen Hawking：the Most Beautiful Mind
C．The Different Aspects of Stephen Hawking：Learning，Working and His Struggle Against Illness
D．Stephen Hawking：the Man of Great Achievements
解析 主旨大意题。文章介绍了霍金个人方面的情况，C项最能体现文章的中心。
B
Erik Weihenmayer was born with an eye disorder.As a child his eyesight became worse and then，at the age of 13，he lost his sight completely. However，he did not lose his determination to lead a full and active life.
Erik became an adventurer. He took up parachuting，wrestling and scuba-diving.He competed in long-distance biking，marathon and skiing. His favorite sport，though，is mountaineering.
As a young man，Erik started to climb mountains. He reached the summit of Mount McKinley in 1995 and then climbed the dangerous 1,000-meter rock wall of EI Captain. Two years later，while climbing Mount Kilimanjaro in Kenya with his girlfriend，they stopped for a time at 13,000 feet above sea level—in order to get married. And then，on May 25,2001，at the age of 33，Erik successfully completed the greatest mountaineering challenge of all.He climbed Mount Everest，the highest mountain in the world.
Erik invented his own method of climbing mountains.He carries two long poles：one to lean on and the other to test the way ahead of him.The climber in front of him wears a bell to guide him.Erik is a good team member.He does his share of the jobs，such as setting up the tents and building snow walls.
Although he could not enjoy the view，Erik felt the excitement of being on the summit of Everest.He hopes that his success will change how people think about the blind.“When people think about a blind person or blindness，now they will think about a person standing on the top of the world.”
5．When was Erik born?
A．In 1968.
B．In 1965.
C．In 1967.
D．In 1969.
解析 细节理解题。2001年Erik 33岁，可知他出生于1968年。
6．What was unusual about his wedding?
A．He got married on the summit of Mount McKinley.
B．He got married when climbing Mount Everest.
C．His wedding was held after he prepared a lot.
D．His wedding was held at 13,000 feet above sea level.
解析 细节理解题。文章的第三段有这样一句话“...while climbing Mount Kilimanjaro in Kenya with his girlfriend，they stopped for a time at 13,000 feet above sea level—in order to get married.”，可见答案是D。
7．What is Erik’s special method of climbing a mountain?
A．He takes his girlfriend with him.
B．He does his share of the jobs.
C．He uses two long poles to help himself.
D．He keeps a good team around him.
解析 细节理解题。从文章的第四段前两句话可知此题的答案是C，他带着两根长竿爬山。
8．Which of the following shows the right order of what
happened to Erik?
a．He topped Mount McKinley.
b．He became blind.
