2024届高考英语考前冲刺：专题精选完形填空

雕龙文库 2024-03-31 01:03:50

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　　2024届高考英语考前冲刺专题精选完形填空

　　一、题型特点与解题技巧

　　完形填空题是一种集知识和能力为一体，立意新、要求高的综合性语言测试题。它是一种高难度的障碍性阅读题，此题旨在测试学生的综合应用语言能力，同时又检测他们的分析判断能力和连贯性思维能力。

　　（一）完形填空题型的特点

　　1. 首句完整

　　“完形填空” 所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，熟悉语言环境，建立正确的思维导向。

　　2. 语境选择

　　近几年的高考完形填空题主要考查考生对上下文的理解，要求考生通过语境来作出选择。 “语境能力型” 试题具有相当难度，因为完形填空所给的四个选项往往在语法方面都能成立，错误选项多半可以和空前、空后文字形成某种搭配，极具干扰和迷惑作用。做完形填空题，需要我们立足语篇环境，树立全局观念，瞻前顾后，连贯思维，从语境角度来选择答案。

　　例如：

　　(1) Japan is an island country and its ___________ go all over Japan.

　　(2) Japan is an island country and its________ go all over the Pacific looking for fish to catch.

　　(3) Japan is an island country and its ______ go over the Pacific looking for the fish groups.

　　(4) Japan is an island country and its_____ go on the Pacific looking for the missing people.

　　(5)Japan is an island country and its_______ go all over Japan, sending people to and from work.

　　选择项：A. fishing boats

　　B. lifeboats

　　C. planes

　　D. trains

　　例(1)无语境限制，A, B, C, D皆可。

　　例(2)只有fishing boats能够到太平洋捕鱼，故选A。

　　例(3)只有 planes 才能飞在太平洋的上空寻找鱼群，选C。

　　例(4)在太平洋上寻找失踪人员的应是lifeboats, 选B。

　　例(5).接送人们上下班的不会是fishing boats 和lifeboats, 用planes也有违常理，故选 D。

　　3. 动词、名词为主

　　完形填空所给的选项一般是同一词类，或属同一范畴。测试点往往集中于某些词类。高考完形填空题考查动词（5—8个）、名词（4—6个）、然后是形容词，副词等。而介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考得较少。这是因为完形填空主要考察语境，而在通常情况下只有实词才能较好地体现语境。

　　4. 难处暗示

　　难选之处前后多有暗示。这种暗示多为后面暗示前面，也就是说前面的填空从当时的情况来看，或是线索不清，或是语境不明，无法填出，但只要我们继续往下读，我们就会发现此空在后面的某个地方有暗示。

　　5. 选材适中

　　近几年来的高考完型填空题材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或具有一定哲理和教育意义，夹叙夹议，以叙为主的议论文。词数在300左右。设空距离为10个词左右。短文内容结构严谨，逻辑性强，层次分明。材料难度与高三教材相当，所选短文的英语语言符合高三学生的实际水平。

　　(二) 完形填空题解题步骤

　　1. 细读首句，预测主题

　　“完形填空” 所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，建立正确的思维导向。同时也不可忽视尾句前后呼应的作用。

　　2. 跳读全文，领会大意

　　要学会跳读技巧。借助首尾句所给启示，跳过空格，快速把短文从头到尾通读一遍，进一步从整体上理解短文大意。这是正确选择的基础，也是做题的关键。切忌急于求成，看一句填一空。

　　3. 通读全文，试选答案

　　根据全文大意，试填选项，注意在语境理解上下功夫，要抓住上下文的内容联系和逻辑关系。在阅读全文时，不要忽略连接词、代词、插入语、转折语等的作用。

　　4. 细读全文，推敲难题

　　若有些答案实在难以确定，可按空格所在位置，从词语搭配、上下文意、习惯用法、词义辨析和语法结构等方面，耐心细致地逐项分析，以求对应。可先读所要填词的句子，复读上一句，兼顾下一句，即“瞻前顾后”，确保答案的准确无误

　　（三）完形填空题实用解题技巧

　　1.重视首句，把握开篇注意尾句读懂首句可以帮助建立正确的思维导向，避免误入歧途，对理解全文起重要的作用。往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。It was always thought that Treasure Island was the product of Robert Louis Stevenson’s imagination.

　　, recent research has found the true story of this exciting book.

　　36. A. However

　　B. Therefore

　　C. Besides

　　D. Finally

　　(2009宁夏、海南)

　　（2007江苏）

　　Carolyn Stradley is the founder of C&S Paving Inc. (铺路公司) in Atlanta, USA. In the following account, she recalls the job that challenged her

　　and skill but left her flying high.

　　“When the Atlanta Airport was under

　　in 1979, we were a new company struggling to make it. National Car Rental wanted to have 2,500 square meters of dirt paved

　　the cars could be on site

　　the airport opened, and the official opening was only ten days away!

　　厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖?The key to our success was having the

　　to take on any job and then being creative in our approach to getting it done.

　　根据全文大意，试填选项，注意在语”

　　36. A. kindness B. patience C. imagination D. experience

　　37. A. construction B. repair C. control D. development

　　38. A. after B. as C. for D. so

　　39. A. while B. since C. where D. when

　　55. A. courage B. interest C. hope D. chance

　　2.前后呼应法解完形填空题要始终抓住文段本身，确立“双语境”基准判断做题，即大语境—全文中心和基调；小语境—空格前后的语意环境；再遵循前有伏笔，后有呼应的思路去做题。’s email was short, but I learned more from that

　　message than I ever did from

　　a textbook. The email taught me that a few words of

　　18 (appreciation)

　　can make a big difference. The rainstorm and the traffic

　　had made me tired and upset. But Garth’s words immediately

　　me and put a smile back on my face.

　　17.A.accurate

　　B. urgent

　　C. brief

　　D. humorous

　　19.A.troubles

　　B. signals

　　C. rules

　　D. signs

　　20.A.corrected

　　B .supported

　　C. amazed

　　D. refreshed

　　(2008山东)

　　3.词汇辨析法从近年来高考真题的分析情况来看，相似词汇彼此之间的细致辨析题型在考试中比重逐年增加，同时也是高中考生的弱点所在。After that Christmas, David and I became good friends, and I never forgot the meaning

　　the little empty box set on my desk.

　　20. A. from

　　B. behind

　　C. over

　　D. towards

　　(2009山东)

　　Despite all the troubles, she

　　to get the chicken into .

　　A. tried

　　B. arranged

　　C. managed

　　D. prepared

　　( 2011江西)

　　I passed by a girl who

　　__38__ her books out of her locker. Thinking like most that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued my way.

　　A. took

　　B. dropped

　　C. got

　　D. pulled

　　(2011湖南)

　　4.语法结构法此考点对于高中生比较熟悉，也是我们的优势所在。需要同学们注意的就是现在的这种考点核心在多种语法点的结合考察，也同时注意到语境的具体要求。I was about to turn off my computer

　　I received an email from Garth, my Director:

　　14.A.while

　　B. when

　　C. where

　　D. after

　　(2008 山东)

　　He always

　　after school to straighten chairs and mop the floor. We never talked much. He

　　just simply smile and what else he could do, then thank me for letting him stay and slowly

　　home.

　　7. A. practiced

　　B. wandered

　　C. studied

　　D. stayed

　　8. A. would

　　B. should

　　C. might D. could

　　9. A. aim at

　　B. turn to

　　C. put off

　　D. head for

　　(2009山东)

　　We don’t have to tell children

　　they should take from the story and what the moral is.

　　20. A. that

　　B. what

　　C. which

　　D. whom

　　(2009福建)

　　5.注意关联词their own right than as those of subordination(附属)

　　6.A that

　　B. where

　　C. when

　　D. what

　　7.A.parent

　　B. member

　　C. family

　　D. relative

　　9.A. Besides

　　B. However

　　C. Instead

　　D. Therefore

　　10.A.admired

　　B. regarded

　　C. made

　　D. respected

　　(2008 福建)

　　6.固定搭配法这部分主要考查考生平时的基础知识储备，尤其是对动词短语﹑形容词短语﹑固定句型等的考查。Dear son,

　　I want to thank you for teaching me a very

　　lesson in life by the great example you

　　1.A.humorous

　　B. private

　　C. reasonable

　　D. valuable

　　2. A. followed

　　B. gave

　　C. set

　　D. took

　　( 2009 安徽)

　　The first time I remember noticing the crossing guard was when he waved to me as I drove my

　　son to school. He

　　me with a puzzle---all because he waved to me like someone does

　　seeing a close friend.

　　1. A. hit

　　B. disappointed

　　C. presented

　　D. bored

　　2.A. on

　　B. from

　　C. during

　　D. about

　　(2009天津)

　　There was no

　　asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to

　　5. A. point

　　B. reason

　　C. result

　　D. right

　　6. A. split

　　B. spend

　　C. spare

　　D. save

　　(2010 北京)

　　7..结合生活常识判断

　　　She got shocked and confused - ___52___ was pouring from the kitchen. Rushing to investigate, she was met by three ___53___ little faces and some very burnt bread. "Sorry, we were hungry and you were ___54___, so we tried to make some bread," explained a boy. Relieved, Mary made them a snack and sent them back to bed. She___55__

　　them never to fall asleep on the job again!

　　(2011江西)

　　52. A. smoke

　　B. light

　　C. water

　　D. fire

　　53. A. cheerful

　　B. strange

　　C. guilty

　　D. confident

　　54. A. busy

　　B. hungry

　　C. worried

　　D. asleep

　　55. A. promised

　　B. allowed

　　C. expected

　　D. persuaded

　　二、实战训练

　　【经典导引】

　　Although I love my life ,it hasn't been a lot of fun as I've been ill for 28 years.

　　Music has always been a great love of mine and ,in my 20s,when my_1_was move manageable ,I

　　ten years as a professional singer in restaurants, playing and singing folk songs.

　　that was years ago and times have changed . __4__ I live with my mother on a country farm .

　　Two years ago, I decided that I would need to have some kind of extra work to _5_ my disability pension (残疾抚恤金）__6__ I needed to sleep in afternoons. I was limited in my__7_ .I decided that I would consider

　　to singing in restaurants.

　　My family are all musicians, so I was _9__ when I went into our local music store .I explained that I waned to sing again but using recorded karaoke music I knew that discs were very expensive and I really didn't have a lot of _10_ to get started. And

　　you find only three to four songs out of ten on a disc that you can __12__use.

　　When I told the owner of the shop about my

　　,he gave me a long ,thoughtful

　　__14__.“This means a lot to you , doesn't it ?"be said . “Come with me.”

　　He led me

　　the crowded shop and to a bench with a large professional karaoke box on it. He placed his large hand

　　on his treasure and said . “I have 800 karaoke songs in here. You can take your

　　and I’ll record them for you .That should get you started.”

　　. Thanking him, I made a time with him to listen to all the songs and choose

　　that I could sing . I have come full circle with his help.

　　His

　　still warms my heart and makes me do just that bit extra , when I have the chance.