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课时作业(八) Adventure
A卷
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Hopes are fading for the ________ (survive) of the missing climbers.
2．I'm ________ (comfortable) being introduced to a new person.
3．The hotel provides ________(accommodate) for up to 100 people.
4．The ________(similar) between the two stories suggests Mary wrote them both.
5．There are a large ________(various) of household implements on sale in the market.
6．After graduation she reached a point in her career ________ she needed to decide what to do.
7．We should put away our ________ (differ) and work together for our common goal.
8．The book price is low if you buy the books in large ________ (quantity)．
9．Qi Baishi ________ (observation) the world of nature very carefully, and his paintings are special because of this.
10．My time is ________ (limit) now that I have a baby.
11．This is the very bus ________ I'm waiting for.
12．Look out！Don't get too close to the house ________ roof is under repair.
13．All the neighbors admire this family，________ the parents are treating their child like a friend.
14．We shouldn't spend our money testing so many people，most of ________ are healthy.
答案：
1．survival 2.uncomfortable
3．accommodation 4.similarity
5．variety 6.where 7.differences
8．quantities 9.observed 10.limited 11.that 12.whose 13.where
14．WhomⅡ.完成句子
1．Having been ill in bed for nearly a month，__________the driving test.
卧病在床接近一个月的时间，她在通过驾驶考试方面有些困难。
2．He is ________________________ by himself.
他太小而无法自己去上学。
3．He is not in the classroom.______________?
他不在教室。你认为他去哪儿了？
4．I created a way to ________ my message __________ while using as few words as possible.
我想出了一种能言简意赅地表达自己的意思的方法。
5．He promised that he would come, but he ______________ yet.
他承诺他会来的，但他还没露面。
答案：
1．she has some difficulty (in) passing 2.too young to attend school 3.Where do you think he's gone
4．get；across 5.hasn't turned up
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2024·沈阳教学质量检测)Being physically active three times a week reduces the odds of being depressed by about 16%，according to new UCL research carried out as part of the Public Health Research Centre.
The study，published in JAMA Psychiatry，found a twoway relationship between depression and physical activity.People who increased their weekly activity were reported to have fewer depressive symptoms but those with more depressive symptoms were less active，particularly at younger ages.
Researchers followed 11,135 people born in 1958 up until the age of 50，recording depressive symptoms and levels of physical activity at regular intervals in adulthood.They found that each additional activity period per week reduced odds of depression by 6%.In England 19% of men and 26% of women are currently classed as “inactive”，and this study suggests that activity could significantly improve their mental as well as physical health.
“Assuming the association is causal，physical activity has a protective effect against depression.If an adult between his twenties and forties who isn't physically active became active 3 times per week，he would reduce his risks of depression by about 16%，” said Dr Snehal of the UCL Institute of Child Health，lead author of the study.
Professor Mark，Director of the Public Health Research Centre，said：“Many people are already aware of the benefits of physical activity on their general health，but now we are seeing more evidence that suggests it also has a positive effect on a person's mental wellbeing.The latest research highlights just how important it is to ensure that people are working and living in environments that allow them to be both physically active and mentally healthy.”
1．The underlined word “odds” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”．
A．benefits B．intervals
C．risks
D．ages
2．According to the second paragraph，if people increase their weekly activity，________.
A．their depressive symptoms will be fewer
B．their depressive symptoms will be more
C．they will become much younger
D．they will become more depressive
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Dr Snehal thinks it is important to be both physically and mentally healthy.
B．The research shows men are more active in physical activity than women.
C．Adults who insist on physical activity will avoid depression completely.
D．Increasing physical activity can free people from depression in a way.
4.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?
A．To tell us a funny story about how to protect us against depression.
B．To introduce a research on the link between physical activity and depression.
C．To persuade readers to increase their weekly activity.
D．To describe the disadvantages of physical activity.
答案：
解题导语：最新研究表明，增加每周锻炼身体的次数，能降低人们患抑郁症的风险。
1．C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“If an adult between his twenties and forties who isn't physically active became active 3 times per week, he would reduce his risks of depression by about 16%.”可知，人们每周锻炼三次，能让患抑郁症的可能性降低大约16%。由此可推断出，odds和risks的意思一样，故C项正确。
2．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“People who increased their weekly activity were reported to have fewer depressive symptoms”可知，如果人们增加他们每周锻炼的次数，抑郁症状就会减少，故A项正确。
3．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Being physically active three times a week reduces the odds of being depressed by about 16%”可推知，增加锻炼身体的次数在某种程度上能降低患抑郁症的可能性，故D项正确。
4．B 解析：写作意图题。本文主要向读者介绍了一项科学研究成果，这份研究讲述的是身体锻炼和抑郁症之间的联系，故B项正确。
Ⅳ.完形填空
(2024·大庆教学质量检测)I believe different people have experienced different adolescence.I must admit I was still an angry __1__ in my first year of college.My __2__ was that my parents didn't please me at all.
Our finances were __3__，so I chose to go to a(n) __4__ college and take a bus to classes every day.One day I had a(n)__5__ fight with my father.We both exploded into shouts.I __6__ out of the house and missed my bus to school.
I rushed all the way to school.As I __7__ across the campus toward my class，I suddenly realized I didn't have the __8__ that was due: a thought card.My professor asked us to __9__ an index card with our names and the dates every Tuesday.__10__ what was on the rest of the card，we could write a thought，a question or something else.
Now，outside the door，ten minutes later，I took an index card.__11__ to write something on it，I could only think about the __12__ I'd just had with my dad.I wrote “I am the son of an idiot！，then __13__ into the room，and handed it to our professor.
Next day，our professor __14__ the thought cards and I __15__ he wrote，“What does the son of an idiot do with the rest of his life？”The professor's innocentseeming question __16__ me to the issue：whose problem is it？__17__，my thinking began to shift.I realized that I had created a life __18__ I was not a central figure!
The __19__ of growth wasn't easy or fast.__20__ later，from a struggling student，I became a successful student and then a successful teacher.
1．A.child B．adult
C．adolescent
D．student
2．A.temper
B．anger
C．mood
D．pain
3．A.limited
B．special
C．practical
D．fantastic
4．A.ordinary
B．private
C．local
D．state
5．A.serious
B．controversial
C．unfriendly
D．anxious
6．A.stormed
B．wandered
C．slipped
D．stepped
7．A.leaped
B．walked
C．ran
D．headed
8．A.duty
B．assignment
C．commitment
D．material
9．A.take up
B．put down
C．hand out
D．bring along
10．A.Due to
B．Regardless of
C．As for
D．Thanks to
11．A.Concerned
B．Desperate
C．Excited
D．Active
12．A.issue
B．conversation
C．dispute
D．fight
13．A.poured
B．entered
C．dashed
D．approached
14．A.gave back
B．checked out
C．put away
D．passed on
15．A.explored
B．recognized
C．discovered
D．ignored
16．A.awoke
B．forced
C．scared
D．adjusted
17．A.Slowly
B．Rapidly
C．Generally
D．Swiftly
18．A.what
B．in which
C．which
D．that
19．A.process
B．progress
C．period
D．challenge
20．A.Weeks
B．Terms
C．Months
D．Years
答案：
解题导语：青春期的作者有一次与父亲发生冲突，但在教授的“thought card”的启发下，作者慢慢地走出了青春期叛逆的心境，最终走向了成功。
1．C 解析：“我”必须承认，大学一年级时“我”仍是一个愤青。adolescent“青少年”，文中的第一句话已经给出了提示。
2．B 解析：根据上文“I was still an angry __1__ in my first year of college”可知，“我”生气是因为“我”的父母让“我”不高兴。
3．A 解析：由下文可知，“我”经常乘公交车上学，因此此处表示“我们家的经济不宽裕”，故选A项。
4．C 解析：我们家的经济条件不宽裕，因此“我”选择去上“当地的”一所大学，每天乘公交车去上学。ordinary意为“普通的”；private意为“私人的”；local意为“当地的”；state意为“政府的，州的”。
5．A 解析：由后文中的“We both exploded into shouts.”可知，“我与父亲发生了一次严重的(serious)争吵”。故选A项。
6．A 解析：由语境可知，“我”和父亲发生冲突之后，“气冲冲地走”出了屋子。storm意为“气冲冲地走”；wander意为“游荡，漫游，闲逛”；slip意为“滑倒”；step意为“迈步”。
7．C 解析：由空格前的“I rushed all the way to school.”可知，“我”跑(ran)向教室。leap意为“跳跃”；walk意为“步行”；head意为“朝(某个方向)行进”。
8．B 解析：教授布置的任务就是我们要在每周二带来自己的“thought card”，写上自己的姓名、日期、想法、问题或者其他事情。assignment“任务”，符合语境，故选B项。
9．D 解析：参见上题解析。take up意为“开始从事，继续，占据”；put down意为“镇压，放下”；hand out 意为“分发”；bring along意为“带上，带来”。
10．C 解析：卡片上要写姓名、日期，至于余下的部分，可以写想法、问题或其他事情。due to 意为“由于， 归功于”；regardless of意为“不管，不顾”；as for意为“至于”；thanks to 意为“幸亏，由于”。
11．B 解析：作者刚与父亲发生冲突，又忘记带教授布置的作业，因此应是“绝望地”在上面写了一些东西。故选B。
12．D 解析：由上文中的“One day I had a(n) __5__ fight with my father.”可知，此处应选D项。
13．C 解析：根据语境可知，此处应该是“冲进”教室，故选C项。dash意为“猛冲，急奔”。
14．A 解析：第二天，教授归还了我们的卡片。give back 意为“归还”；check out 意为“结账离开”；put away 意为“将……收起”；pass on意为“转交，递给”。
15．C 解析：教授归还了卡片，“我”发现(discovered)教授写的话。故选C项。
16．A 解析：教授看似平淡的问题“唤醒”(awoke)了“我”。
17．A 解析：根据空格后的“my thinking began to shift”可知，作者的想法“慢慢地”改变了。
18．B 解析：此处应该是“in which”引导的定语从句，在从句中作状语，先行词为“life”。
19．A 解析：成长的“过程”既不容易，也不快。
20．D 解析：由上文可知，成长过程时间长，而作者后来又成为一位成功的老师，故此处选D项。
Ⅴ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2024·吉林长春外国语期中考试)At present，high school students are 1.________ increasing pressure to study long hours every day.They spend over 8 hours a day studying at school，some of 2.________ even have to attend extra classes in their spare time.This greatly affects their health and makes their parents and teachers 3.________ (concern)．To help solve 4.________ problem，recently，some relevant government departments have made a new 5.________ (regular) that no students shall go to school at weekends 6.________ during official holidays.We support such a reform and we know that 7.________ is essential and important for us students to balance study and relaxation.You see，New Year's Day 8.________ (approach)，and I'll make good use of the time 9.________ (relax)．Also，I come to realize that if I can rest well，I will be able to study 10.________ (efficiency) when I come back to school.
答案：
解题导语：本文讲述目前学生压力大，相关部门制定政策来禁止补课，让学生休息好，才能在学校学习好。
1．under 解析：考查固定短语。under pressure处在压力之下。
2．whom 解析：考查定语从句。句意：他们一天八个小时在学校，许多人还上补习课，指的是人，故用whom。
3．concerned 解析：考查固定短语。 make sb.concerned“使某人担心”。
4．the/this 解析：考查限定词。本句中的problem表示特指，指所提到的问题故用the或this。
5．regulation 解析：考查名词。根据make a new__5__(regular)中的a和new可知空格处应为名词。
6．or 解析：考查连词。句意：为了帮助解决这个问题，相关部门制定了一条新规定：不允许学生在周末或假期补课。此处为并列关系，故用or。
7．it 解析：考查代词。句意：我们知道这对于我们学生来说平衡学习与休息是非常有必要的。
8．is approaching 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：春节即将临近，我要充分利用这段时间休息。
9．to relax 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我也意识到，如果我休息好，我就能更有效地在学校学习。
10．efficiently 解析：考查副词。efficiently用来修饰study。
