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重庆市2024高考英语阅读理解选编（28）（附解析）
阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2024·河南省郑州市高中毕业班第一次质量预测)
Chinese writer Mo Yan’s Nobel Prize for Literature might ignite an explosion of global interest in Chinese literature and lead to more titles translated into English，European experts say.
“Hopefully，the award means more people will read Chinese literature and more works will get translated，” says Michel Hockx，professor of the Languages and Cultures of China and Inner Asia from University of London.“Many very good Chinese writers have been accepted globally for a long time already.Mo Yan is probably the most translated Chinese writer alive，with at least five of his novels made available in English over the past 20 years.”
Jonathan Ruppin，web editor of bookseller Foyles，says Mo’s win coincides with growing interest in Chinese literature and recognizes the talents of a distinctive and visionary (富于幻想的) writer.“We are very excited by the fact that English translations
of
more
of
his
books
should
now
become available，”
Ruppin says.He made the comment after Mo became the first Chinese citizen to win the Nobel Prize for Literature in its centurylong history.
As
EastWest
cultural
exchange
has
been
booming，Chinese literature has been attracting growing attention in recent years.Hockx explains，“It’s mainly because there are many more opportunities for Chinese writers to visit other countries，to publish their works outside China and to interact with readers abroad.At the same time，more and more people globally are learning Chinese and taking an interest in the Chinese language and culture.”
University of Oxford lecturer in modern Chinese literature Margaret Hillenbrand says，“The obvious reason for the growing global presence of Chinese literature is the growing global presence of China itself.People have come to realize that there is a serious knowledge deficit (缺少) between China and its international counterparts—in particular，China knows incomparably more about Europe and America than the other way round—and reading Chinese literature is an effective，simple means of solving that gap.”
1．The underlined word “ignite” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”．
A．start out
B．burn up
C．set off D．appeal to
．Chinese literature has been attracting growing attention mainly because________.
A．Chinese writers have been writing more and more books in English
B．the Chinese language has become the most widely used language in the world
C．the Chinese government attaches great importance to literature
D．the cultural communication between China and western countries has developed
．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Chinese literature has spread with the development of China.
B．The Nobel Prize for Literature has a history of hundreds of years.
C．In the past，no Chinese writers were accepted outside China.
D．Foreigners know about China mainly by reading Mo Yan’s works.
4．How do you understand the underlined part in the last paragraph?
A．China knows more about Europe and America than before. B．China knows more about Europe and America than they know about China.
C．China，Europe and America know one another more than before.
D．Compared with America，China knows more about Europe.
语篇解读 中国作家莫言获得诺贝尔文学奖激起了全球对中国文学的兴趣，更多的中国作品被译成英语。这是中国在全球的影响力不断加大的结果。
．解析： 词义猜测题。根据下文可知，此处表示“中国作家莫言获得诺贝尔文学奖激起了全球对中国文学的兴趣”，故ignite与set off同义，表示“引发，激起”。
答案： C
．解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“As EastWest cultural exchange has been booming，Chinese literature has been attracting growing attention in recent years.”可知，正是东西方文化交流的繁荣才使得中国文学受到越来越多的关注。
答案： D
．解析： 正误判断题。根据最后一段中的“The obvious reason for the growing global presence of Chinese literature is the growing global presence of China itself.”可知，是中国在全球的影响力，即中国的发展使得中国文学能在世界范围内得以传播。
答案： A
．解析： 句意理解题。根据画线部分的前后句可知，此处表示“中国对欧美了解甚多而欧美则相反，对中国了解偏少”。the other way round意为“相反地”。
答案： B阅读理解2024·南昌市高三第三次模拟测试Millions of people are using cell phones today.In many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one.In many countries，cell phones are very popular with young people.They find that the phones are more than a means of communication—having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.
The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professional worried.Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones.In England，there has been a serious debate about this issue.Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas.They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.
On the other hand，why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones？Signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment.In one case，a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss.He couldn’t remember even simple tasks.He would often forget the name of his own son.This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day，every day of his working week，for a couple of years.His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use，but his employer’s doctor didn’t agree.
What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful？The answer is radiation.Hightech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones.Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation.But they say the amount is too small to worry about.
As the discussion about their safety continues，it appears that it’s best to use mobile phones less often.Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time.Use your mobile phone only when you really need it.Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient，especially in emergencies.In the future，mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health.So for now，it’s wise not to use your mobile phone too often.
1．People buy cell phones for the following reasons except that________.
A．they’re popular B．they’re convenient
C．they’re useful
D．they’re cheap
2．The word “detected” in Paragraph 3 could be best replaced by________.
A．discovered
B．removed
C．cured
D．caused
3．The salesman retired young because________.
A．he disliked using mobile phones
B．he couldn’t remember simple tasks
C．he was tired of talking on his mobile phone
D．his employer’s doctor persuaded him to
4．On the safety issue of mobile phones，the manufacturing companies________.
A．deny the existence of mobile phone radiation
B．develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation
C．hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about
D．try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health
5．The writer’s purpose of writing this article is to advise people________.
A．to buy mobile phones
B．to use mobile phones less often
C．to update regular phones
D．to stop using mobile phones
语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。手机给我们的生活带来了很多便利。但是手机辐射却威胁着我们的身体健康。
1．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句中的“cell phones are very popular with young people”可知，A项表述正确；根据最后一段倒数第三句中的“be very useful and convenient”可知，B、C两项表述正确；D项文中未提及。
答案： D
2．解析： 词义猜测题。根据语境可知，画线词所在句子的句意为：通过现代扫描仪器扫描，可以探测一些大脑和头部组织发生变化的信号。
答案： A
3．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第三、四句“In one case，a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss.He couldn’t remember even simple tasks.”可知，答案B符合文意。
答案： B
4．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句“Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation，but they say the amount is too small to worry about.”可知，答案C符合文意。
答案： C
5．解析： 写作意图题。根据文章最后一段第一句“As the discussion about their safety continues，it appears that it’s best to use mobile phones less often.”可知，作者建议人们尽量少用手机。
答案： B阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。SHANGHAI—Health experts in Shanghai are calling for more protection for young children as the latest research shows about half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke.About 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in families，50
percent in public places，and almost 6 percent on public transportation，shows a research released by the Shanghai Children's Medical Center on Tuesday.
“Not only adults but also children and newborn babies are at risk for the adverse effects of passive smoking, ”said Tang Jingyan, a doctor at the Shanghai Children's Medical Center.“Actually, those young children whose bodies are still growing and developing are more sensitive to the effects of secondhand smoke.”
Research has shown that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke will suffer from more colds, coughs and sore throats，and they are more likely to suffer from bronchitis, pneumonia and will have a higher risk of developing cancer.Doctors even suggested that children suffering passive smoking are more likely to have behavioral problems and may not developmentally as quickly as their peers.Other research by the Shanghai Children's Medical Center has found that more than 80 percent of child patients in the center live in a smoke filled household, where one or both parents smoke.
“Though doctors have stressed the harm of passive smoking over and over, it is still hard to reach a totally smoke free home, ”said a pediatrician named Zhang Yiwen, noting that parents are often tempted to smoke even though they have learned the harmful effects of secondhand smoke.
China has 540 million people suffering from passive smoke，180 million of them younger than 15.The age of smokers is also getting lower, earlier reports said.
“There are more young smokers than before.You can see young people wearing a school uniform and carrying a schoolbag light a cigarette on the street.Some of them are even female students, ”said Jing Xingming, a professor of children's developmental behavior at the center.“Children like to imitate adults, especially their parents.If parents often smoke at home, it is very likely children will develop a smoking habit, which can cause a vicious circle，”Jin said.
Reports from the Ministry of Health said China has about 350 million smokers, of whom 15 million are underage smokers.Also, around 40 million of the country's 130 million children aged between 13 and 18 had tried smoking, and 15 million had become addicted to tobacco.
【语篇解读】 本文主要说明了许多儿童目前受二手烟的影响，以及二手烟对儿童产生的危害。
1．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．About half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke.
B．Experts are calling for more protection for youngsters from smoking.
C．More and more youngsters are picking up the habit of smoking.
D．Smoking does great harm to the health of the youngsters.
答案 B
．Which youngsters most possibly develop a habit of smoking?
A．Children of nonsmoking mothers.
B．Children of nonsmoking fathers.
C．Children of heavy smokers.
D．Children from some smoking centers.
答案 C
．Which of the following diseases may NOT be connected with secondhand smoking?
A．Cancer.
B．Behavioral problems.
C．Sore throats.
D．Coughs.
答案 B
．The underlined word “vicious” in the sixth paragraph most probably means ________．
A．complete
B．simple
C．great
D．bad
答案 D
5．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．About 80 percent of the children in the Shanghai Children's Medical Center smoke heavily.
B．About 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in the Shanghai Children's Medical Center.
C．About 540 million people are heavy smokers in China.
D．Children aged between 13 to 18 are more likely addicted to smoking.
答案 D
, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2024·合肥市二模，E)
Telling fewer lies benefits people physically and mentally. Anita Kelly, study author and professor of psychology at the University of Notre Dame, employed 110 adults for her study. She divided them into two groups and asked one group to stop lying for 10 weeks. Lies included big ones and tiny ones—any false statements—but participants were still allowed to leave out the truth, keep secrets and avoid questions they didn't want to answer, etc. The other group wasn't given any special instructions about lying.
It turns out that both groups reduced their lying, but those who were specifically told to tell the truth improved their health more. “We found that the participants could purposefully and dramatically reduce their everyday lies, and that in turn was associated with significantly improved health，” said Kelly.
When participants in the nolie group told three fewer white lies than they did in other weeks, they experienced, on average, fewer mentalhealth complaints and physical complaints. They were less likely to feel tense or sad and also experienced fewer sore throats and headaches. They also reported that personal relationships improved.
Additionally,
participants found themselves honest about their daily accomplishments, and they stopped making up excuses for being late or failing to complete a task, for example.
“It's certainly a worthy goal to have people be more honest and interact with others in a more honest way，” says psychologist Robert Feldman. “That would be beneficial, I'm a little doubtful whether it makes us all healthier, but it may make us healthier in a psychological way.”
文章大意：本文是一篇科研报告。研究了撒谎和健康之间的关系。
1．Which of the following is true according to the text?
A．People who tell lies are healthier than those who don't.
B．Being honest can help cure sore throats and headaches.
