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2024版3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品系列
专题03
形容词和副词
【2024年高考命题预测】
形容词是英语中较为复杂的一种词类，涉及的面比较广。同时形容词的形式变化灵活，如有原级、比较级和最高级等，而且用法比较复杂。
预测今后高考中对于形容词的考查应注意以下几点：形容词的辨析，形容词的原级、比较级和最高级，以及一些特别重要的固定句型结构，同时要注意多个形容词修饰名词时的排列顺序等等。一般来说，副词是英语中比较复杂的一类词，它数量多、近义词多、用法复杂，而且副词的位置在句子中也是多变的。高考中对于副词的考查不是单纯地进行语法要点的考查，而是要通过具体的语境来进行分析和判断。预测今后高考对于副词的考查主要会出现在：副词的近义词的辨析；关于副词的原级、比较级和最高级的句型；同根不同形的副词；常考副词的辨析；比较级前的修饰语等等。
【考点定位】2024考纲解读和近几年考点分布
【考点pk】
名师考点透析
考点1
、副词的比较等级
1.形容词或副词的as...as结构 两者相比，当A=B时，用"as+adj/adv.原级+as"来表示。如：
Jack runs as fast as Tom.杰克和汤姆跑得一样快。
双方相比“当A#B，或指A的程度较低时”用“not as/so+adj. /adv.原级+as”表示。如：
He does not work as/so hard as his sister.他不如他妹妹学习努力。
2.形容词或副词的比较级+than 当双方比较，A>B时，用“比较级+than”结构。当A不及B的程度时，用“less+adj. /adv.原 级+than”的结构?如：
①Blood is thicker than water.:適]血浓于水。
②Health is better than wealth.:適]健康胜过财富。
3．表示双方相比，一方超过另一方，并强调超出的程度和数量时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，如：even，much，very much，still，any，a lot，a bit，a little，far，yet，by far，a great deal，twice，three times，rather，slightly等，而very，quite，SO，fairly等词不可修饰形容词或副词的比较级
A car runs a great deal faster than a truck．小汽车比卡车快得多。
4．“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构表示“越……越……”
The more tickets you sell，the more money you will get．你卖的票越多，你得到的钱就会越多。
5．当三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用最高级这种句式中一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语；最高级可被序数词以及much，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not
quite，not really，nothing like等修饰。如：
The building being built now is by far the highest in the city．目前在建的那座大楼是本市最高的大楼。
6．比较级表示最高级含义
(1)比较级+than any other+可数名词单数。如：
The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China．在中国，长江比其他任何一条河流都长。
⑵比较级+than all(the)other+可数名词复数。如:
China is larger than all the other Asian countries.中国比亚洲的其他国家都大。
(3)no/never/nothing...+比较级。如：
Nothing is more valuable than time.时间比任何东西都珍贵。
⑷"否定词+不定冠词+形容词的比较级+名词"或“否定词+副词的比较级”表示从未……；未曾......?如:
This film is very moving. I have never seen a better one.这部电影很感人，我从没有看过一部比它更好的。
考点2、
形容词修饰名词的位置
1．多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序
如果两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词，与被修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词，如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多，则音节少的形容词在前，音节多的在后。它们的顺序是：限定词(冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词)+数词(序数词，基数词)+描绘性形容词(nice，good，interesting，beautiful…)+特征形容词(大小、长短、高低、形状、年龄、新旧)+颜色形容词+国籍、出处+物质、材料+用途、类别+中心名词。我们可以用下面的一段顺溜帮助记忆：
限数描、大长高，形状年龄和新老。
颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。
在实际运用中，很少会同时出现这么多修饰词，但我们必须记住以上规则，此外，还应当多阅读，多体会，以增强语感。如：another three English books另外三本英语书；a beautiful white Chinese military jeep一辆漂亮的白色中国军用吉普车
2.形容词作定语后置的几种情况
(1)当形容词修饰由some，any，every构成的复合词，如something，anything，nothing等时。 如：
Is there anything new in today's newspaper?今天的报纸上有什么新的东西吗?
(2)当“形容词+介词/不定式'’构成的短语作定语时。如：
There is a bag full of rice on his table.他的桌上有满满一袋米。
⑶当两个意义相反的形容词用both...and...，and, or或so连接在一起作定语时。如：
People in the village, young and old, men and women are fond of singing and dancing.村里的男女老幼都喜爱唱歌跳舞。
（4）当old，long, high，wide, deep作状语时表示伴随、原因等，或是对主语进行解释，可以看成是“being+形容词”，位于句首、句中或句尾，表示伴随时通常用逗号与其他成分隔开
①He lay in bed，wide awake．他躺在床上，完全清醒着。
②He went to bed，cold and hungry．他上床睡觉，又冷又饿。
2．副词主要用作状语，修饰动词、形容词、从句或整个句子。修饰整个句子时，可置于句首、句中或句尾
Fortunately，he escaped from the fire．他幸运地从大火中逃了出来。
3.有些副词有两种形式，其中一种形式与形容词形式相同，另一种是在形容词后加ly。这两种形式的副词在意义上有所不同:不带的副词往往表示的是具怵概念 也就是词的本义； 加ly的往往表示抽象概念(也就是词的引申义ose接近(指距离closely仔细地，密切地; free免费freely自由地，自如地；deep深地；deeply深刻地，深入地；wide充分（张开地， 宽阔地+widely广泛地；high高地highly高度地，非常；late迟，晚ately最近，近来； near邻近地nearly几乎；most最mostly主要地。如：
He jumped that high in the sports meeting in our school and is highly thought of by his classmates.他在我们学校运动会上跳得那么高，贏得了同学们的高度赞扬。
特别提示
一般说来，形容词+ly构成的是副词，如：deeply，highly，widely等；名词+ly构成的是形容词或名词，如：friendly，brotherly，lovely，weekly，monthly等。
4．rather，very，quite，fairly的区别
(1)rather常用来修饰贬义的形容词或副词，如bad，poor，badly等；faily常用来修饰褒义的形容词或副词，如nice，well，clever等。如：
She is fairly clever，but does rather badly in her lessons．她很聪明，但她的功课做得相当差。
(2)如果修饰中性的形容词或副词，如easy，fast，thin等，fairly表示肯定的概念，即说话人的态度是赞美的、满意的；而rather表示否定的概念，即说话人是不满意的。如：
①soup is fairly hot．这汤还算热。(表示喜欢热汤)
②)The soup is rather hot．这汤太烫了。(表示讨厌太烫的汤)
特别提示
rather可用在similar, different, too,介词like，以及形容词、副词的比较级之前，也可修饰动词，而fairly, quite则不能，但可以说quite better。如： 今天比昨天暖和得多。
【误】It is fairly warmer today than yesterday.
【正】It is rather warmer today than yesterday.
（3）quite表示的程度比fairly深，表示主观看法，可理解为“十分”。如：
The news is quite amazing.这个消息十分惊人。
⑷fairly只能用在不定冠词之后；而quite和rather用于不定冠词前、后皆可。如：
This is a fairly heavy/rather a heavy/a rather heavy/a quite heavy/quite a heavy job for us.对我们来说，这是一项相当繁重的工作。
另外，rather有时与褒义词尤其是表示“好”的词连用时，强调被修饰词的程度，可与fairly，quite互换。如：Your English is rather/fairly/quite good．你的英语相当好。
高考经常考查形容词的辨析和副词的辨析，所以我们在学习中要注意近义词的用法差异。以下是常见的几组近义词：alone，lonely；living，alive，live，lively；likely，possible，probable；no more than，not more than；no less than，not less than；too much，much too；no longer，no more；almost，nearly。
【三年高考】
116高考试题及其解析
2024年高考试题
【单项填空】
1.【2024·江苏】31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most__________statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.
A. explicit B. ambiguous C. original D. arbitrary
2.【2024·浙江】13. A sudden stop can be a very
frightening experience , ______ if you are travelling at high speed.
A. eventually
B. strangely
C. merely
D. especially
3.【2024·浙江】16. In this article , you need to back up general statements with ________ examples.
A. specific
B. permanent
C. abstract
D. universal
【语法填空】
1.【2024·全国新课标I】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The title will be __63___(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
【2024·全国新课标II】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
【2024·全国新课标III】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which
46
(gradual) turned into chopsticks.
【2024·上海】(B)
Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the (35)_____(good) your performance will be.
【2024·四川】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
hinese scientists 42
(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.She was a very 43
(care)mother.
【短文改错】
1.【2024·全国新课标I】短文改错（10 分）
Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.
.【2024·全国新课标III】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
They were also the best and worse years in my life.
3.【2024·四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favoritiest.
【2024·浙江】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late.
It was both excited and frightening to be up there！
一、单项填空
1.【2024·浙江】13. Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was
alive.
A. steadily
B. instantly
C. formerly
D. permanently
2.【2024·浙江】14. Listening is thus an active, not a
, behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.
A. considerate
B. sensitive
C. reliable
D. passive
3.【2024·四川】9.Little Tom sat
watching the monkey dancing in front of him.
A. amaze
B. amazing
C. amazed
D. to amaze
4.【2024·四川】7.Andy is content with the toy. It is
he has ever got.
A. a better
B. the better
C. a best
D. the best
5.【2024·福建】23.It was________of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
A. careless
B. considerate C. patient D. generous
6.【2024·江苏】31.The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _______ review of the case.
A. comprehensive
B. complicated
C. conscious
D. crucial
7.【2024·安徽】26.I’m so ______ to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.
A. special
B. superior
C. grateful
D. attractive
8.【2024·安徽】31.They gave money to the old people's home either ______ or through their companies.
A. legally
B. sincerely
C. personally
D. deliberately
9.【2024·湖北】29.The girl used to be shy, but is ____ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
A. gradually
B. usually
C. previously
D. merely
10.【2024·湖北】27.Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be_____.
A. accurate
B. punctual
C. efficient
D. reasonable
11.【2024·湖北】28.I don’t think what he said is _____ to the topic we are discussing . He has missed the point.
A. faithful
B. parallel
C. relevant
D. similar
二、语法填空
1.[2024·全国卷Ⅱ]
Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65.________(slow) during cool nights，thus warming the house.
As 69.________(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70.________thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
2.[2024·全国卷I]
But I didn't care. A few hours 62.________， I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with
________(it) choking smog.
Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69.________(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 70.________(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
三、短文改错
1.【2024·陕西】My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decide to ask her for help.
I thought the biscuits were really well.
2. 【2024·新课标全国】Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.
3.【2024·】On the left-hand side of the class, I could easy see the football field.
【2024·新课标全国I】Mom said,How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried. ”
