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2024届高考英语一轮复习精品资料(译林牛津版)——模块七 Unit 4 (讲练篇)
Unit 4 Public transportation
一、重点词汇
考点-1. convey
【教材原句】Horse-drawn buses, trams, cabs and carriages were used to convey people to and around the city centre. (P50)马拉车、有轨电车、计程车和非机动车被用来将人们送往市中心及其周围一带。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成英语句子
①Our facial expressions convey our emotions, such as anger, or joy, or disappointment
我们的面部表情
，如愤怒、喜悦或失望。
②Words can't convey how delighted I am!
话语
我是多么高兴！
③Would you please convey my good wishes to your mother?
请向你母亲
，好吗？
④This train conveys both passengers and goods.
这列火车
。
⑤A taxi conveyed us to the railway station.
一辆出租车
。
⑥Air is the medium by which sound waves are conveyed.
空气是声波
。
【自主归纳】
convey one's feelings表达感情
convey one’s emotions 传达情感
convey news/information to sb. 把消息/信息传给某人
convey meanings传达意思
convey sb.sth./convey sth.to sb. 向某人传达某事
conveys passengers /goods载客/运货
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①I was so excited at the news that I could hardly ________ my feelings in words.
A. carry
B. convey
C. survey
D. communicate
②What is it that the author wants to ______to his readers through the story?
A. send
B. convey
C. take
D. talk
考点-2.postpone
【教材原句】However, new trains had to be developed and the plan required raising a large amount of money, so the digging was postponed until 1860.(P50)但是，新式列车得加以研发，并且这个计划需要筹集大量的资金，所以地下隧道的挖凿被推迟到1860年。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成英语句子
①I got everything ready yesterday，but only to learn that the summer camp was postponed.
昨天我做好了一切准备，却没想到
。
②They postponed making a decision and we just had to wait.
他们
，那我们就只能等了。
③The sports meeting will be postponed to the following Saturday because of the rain.
由于下雨，运动会
。
【自主归纳】
postpone (doing) sth. 推迟(做)某事
postpone sth.to/until ... 把……推迟到……
delay, postpone, put off
三者均可表示将某事推迟到原订时间之后的某一时间进行，其后可接名词或动名词(但一般不接不定式)。为了表明推迟到何时，可用介词 to, till, until 等。
They delayed [postponed, put off] leaving. 他们推迟动身。 He decided to delay/postpone/put off his holiday to/till/until next month.他决定把假期推迟到下个月。
几点区别
①delay 除表示推迟日期外，还可表示暂时阻挠或阻挡，因此有“耽搁”、“拖延”等意。如：
The heavy rain delayed my journey. 大雨耽搁了我的行程。
②postpone 和 put off 主要用于延期，两者常可换用，只是后者较通俗和口语化；但是 put off 有时
以人作宾语，表示借辞推脱或搪塞某人、推迟或取消与某人的约会、使某人不高兴或反感、打扰某人、让某人下车等，此时不宜用 postpone。
He tried to put me off with more promises. 他想用更多的诺言来敷衍我。
We’ve invited friends to dinner and it’s too late to put them off now.
我们已邀请朋友来吃饭，现在取消来不及了。 Don’t be put off by the title－it’s a really good book. 别介意这书名不好，它真是本好书。 Don’t put me off when I’m trying to concentrate.我正要集中注意力呢，别打扰我。
注：delay 也可以人作宾语，但强调的是耽搁某人的时间
I was delayed by the traffic. 因交通堵塞，我迟到了。
③delay 除用作动词外，还用作名词，其余两者不用作名词。如： We must leave without delay. 我们必须马上离开。
That is the reason of my delay in answering your letter. 这就是我迟迟不给你复信的缘故。
注：名词 delay 后可接 in doing sth，但不接 of doing sth 或不定式。
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①It was an unpopular decision to ________ the new hospital.
A. postpone to build
B. postpone building
C. put off to build
D. decide building
②After the earthquake, to make sure that rescue work could be carried out as smoothly as possible, the premier
his visit to that country.
A. put away
B. put off
C. put up
D. put down
③—Why were you late for such an important concert?
—The plane arrived at the airport after a ________of three hours.
A. delay
B. rest
C. tour
D. request
考点-3. undertake
【教材原句】Having seen the situation, a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes, undertook improving the system in 1902 by obtaining ownership of the many different lines and setting up the Underground Electric Railways Company of London. (P51)看到这种情况，一名叫查尔斯·耶基斯的美国富商于1902年承担起了改善地铁系统的工程，他买下了许多不同的地铁线，创立了伦敦电力地铁公司。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成英语句子
①The company has announced that it will undertake a full investigation into the accident.
公司已经宣布将这次事故
。
②She undertook responsibility for the changes.
她
做出这些改变的责任。
③He undertook(=promised) to finish the job by Friday.
他
这一工作。
【自主归纳】
undertake a task承担任务
undertake an attack发动进攻
undertake to do sth. 答应、同意做某事
undertake that ...
承诺……
undertook the responsibility of doing sth. 承担做某事的责任
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①—John, would you lend me some money?
—Unless you ________ to pay the money back within six months.
A. understand
B. undertake
C. underplay
D. underline
②________ the situation, Charles Yerkes undertook _______ the system in 1902 by obtaining ownership of many different lines.
A. Seeing, improving
B. Seen , improved
C. To see, to improve
D. Having seen, to improve
考点-4. enlarge
【教材原句】After World War Ⅱ ended in 1945，more people travelled on the underground, so the system was enlarged and more lines were added including the Victoria Line，which was linked with other lines at almost every station.(P51)1945年第二次世界大战结束后，更多的人乘坐地铁，于是又增建了更多的地铁线路，其中包括维多利亚线，它所有的站几乎都和其他线相连。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成英语句子
①You must do more reading as it will enlarge your vocabulary.
你必须多读，因为阅读
。
②I asked the photographer to enlarge the picture.
我请摄影师
。
③He refused to enlarge on his reasons for leaving his job.
他拒绝
他辞职的原因。
【自主归纳】
enlarge one’s horizon扩大视野
扩大词汇量enlarge one's vocabulary
放大照片enlarge the photograph/picture
详述enlarge on
注意：enlarge是由前缀en (使……)和形容词large构成的动词。英语中常见的以en为前缀的动词有：enable使能够，enrich使丰富， endanger使遭遇危险， ensure保证，确保， encourage使有勇气，鼓励。
参看模块六Unit 4考点-6.expand
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①We’ll go through the test of vocabulary while studying English. Try to
yours by reading.
A. expand
B. enlarge
C. extend
D. increase
②You will _______ your health if you work so hard, eat a little food and sleep badly.
A. fail
B. improve
C. help
D. endanger
③Over the years the European Union has made great efforts to _______ the safety of food and protect the health of its people.
A. discover
B. ensure
C. revise
D. react
考点-5.split
【教材原句】We could split up into groups, and come at different times.(P57)
我们可以分成小组，在不同的时间来参观。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成英语句子
①I split the wood with an axe.
我用斧子把木头
。
②His jeans split when he sat down.
他一坐下牛仔裤就
。
③Both of us split the money between us.
我们俩
。
④They split up into two teams to play against each other.
他们
进行比赛。
⑤She split the class into groups of four.
她按四人一组
。
⑥After they had finished recording Let It Be, the Beatles split up.
在录制完唱片Let It Be后,披头士乐队就
。
⑦The teacher has to split up the two students as they are always talking in class.
老师
，因为他们总是上课说话。
⑧Business history split off from economic history in the U.S.A. in 1920s.
在二十世纪20年代美国
。
【自主归纳】
分裂，分离，分手=break up，把……分开split up
分成；使分裂成split(up) into
从……分离/分化出来；从……分裂出来split off from
在两者之间分(享)某物split sth. between...
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①When such an organized group became too large for its members to travel together comfortably, it would__________.
A. hurry up
B. split up
C. make up
D. pick up
②The two dogs started to fight, so we tried to _____ them.
A. split
B. separate
C. tear
D. divide
③According to research, children whose parents __________ are more likely to have difficulty __________ their studies.
A. split up; concentrating on
B. broke into; to focus on
C. gave up; concentration on
D. put into; focusing on
考点-6. reservation
【教材原句】There are many flights to Dalian, and the city has good air connections with most large cities in China, but you need to make reservations in advance. (P59)有许多航班飞往大连，大连与中国的大多数大城市有良好的空中联系，但是你需要提前预订机票。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成英语句子
①I’ve made a reservation for you on the morning flight.
我为你
。
②He has reserved three tickets for London.
他已
。
③I have serious reservations about his ability to do the job.
我
他有没有能力胜任这项工作。
④We accepted their offer without reservation.
我们
。
⑤This section of the car park is reserved for visitors.
这个停车区是
。
⑥Keep some money in reserve, just in case.
，以防万一。
【自主归纳】
reservation n. 预订，预约；保留意见→reserve v. 保留；预订；储备 n. 贮藏(物)；储备
预订make reservations/a reservation
毫无保留/异议地without reservation
留给某人(某物/某个地方)reserve ...for sb.
(保存起来亦)备用in reserve
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①(2011高考福建卷)I’d prefer to________ my judgment until I find all the evidence.
A. show
B. express
C. pass
D. reserve
②(2024高考浙江卷)“ It's such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table______ for customers.
A. to be reserved
B. having reserved
C. reserving
D. reserved
③As the family did not make a(n) _____ ahead of time, they had to wait at the restaurant in order to get a table.
A. approval
B. reservation
C. arrangement
D. enquiry
考点-7. punctual
【教材原句】Sometimes the slow ferries are not very punctual and there may be long delays. (P59)有时候较慢的渡船不是很准时，可能会耽搁很长时间。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成英语句子
①She is always punctual for every appointment.
她总是
。
②I expect you to be punctual for meetings.
我希望你
。
③We can not guarantee the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.
雾天我们不能担保火车
。
④My English teacher is punctual to the minute. 我的英语老师很守时,
。
【自主归纳】
punctual adj.准时的，守时的→punctually adv.准时地→punctuality n. 准时，守时
