【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时17′)
[2024·唐山摸底]Dr K was one of my favorite professors in college. He was unique because he admitted telling lies in his __1__. I remembered the __2__ to his teaching at the beginning of his first class: “Now let me __3__ how I teach. Between today until the class right before finals, I'll put a __4__ into each of my lectures. Your job is to try and __5__ me in the Lie of the Day.”
And thus __6__ our ten－week course. Early in the course, the Lie of the Day was usually obvious — __7__ causing a forest of raised __8__ to challenge the lie. Dr K would smile, saying, “Very good! In fact, the opposite is __9__.”
As the course progressed, __10__， the Lie of the Day became less __11__. Every once in a while, a lecture would __12__ with nobody catching the lie. On such days, we would all sit in __13__， while Dr K, looked quite __14__ with himself and announced: “Ah ha! Each of you has one lie in your __15__. Discuss what it might be, and I will tell you next Monday.” Those lectures forced us to __16__ what we had set down in our notebooks the following week.
It's years since I __17__. While my knowledge taught by Dr K has faded over time, the lessons will always stay __18__ with me. “Experts” can be __19__ and say things that sound right—so build a habit of __20__ new information and check it against things you already accept as a fact.
本文讲述的是作者终生难忘的一位教授，他的授课方式让他受益无穷，使作者养成用挑战的思维接受事实的习惯。
1．A.memories
B．lectures
C．stories
D．textbooks
答案：B 根据上文中“Dr K was one of my favorite professors in college.”可知，此处应指授课方法独特。
2．A.introduction
B．way
C．access
D．devotion
答案：A 在第一次授课时，一般要介绍一下如何授课，以及下文可知。
3．A.remember
B．declare
C．explain
D．conduct
答案：C 教授在“解释”自己是如何授课的。
4．A.puzzle
B．joke
C．surprise
D．lie
答案：D 根据文章第二句话，以及下文讲述的内容提到的“the Lie of the Day”可知选D。
5．A.catch
B．help
C．support
D．punish
答案：A 根据教授的解释，在授课中出现“lie”，学生的任务是找到这些“lie”。
6．A.passed
B．continued
C．began
D．arose
答案：C 介绍完故事背景，接下来便开始讲述课程进行的情况，故应为“开始”了这样一个为期十周的课程。
7．A.gradually
B．suddenly
C．actually
D．immediately
答案：D 根据上文中的“the Lie of the Day was usually obvious”以及“a forest of raised __8__”可知。
8．A.eyes
B．hands
C．heads
D．books
答案：B 结合上题解析可知答案。
9．A.true
B．interesting
C．easy
D．serious
答案：A 既然是学生指出来的“lie”，故“the opposite”应该是“正确的”。
10．A.besides
B．therefore
C．once
D．however
答案：D 根据__11__空前的the Lie of the Day became less可知，此空与上文内容为转折意义。
11．A.attractive
B．noticeable
C．difficult
D．special
答案：B “less noticeable”表示“不那么明显”。
12．A.prove
B．meet
C．end
D．connect
答案：C 上文中讲到“lie”在课堂上不那么明显了，因而，一堂课结束了也没人找到“the lie”。
13．A.surprise
B．relief
C．comfort
D．silence
答案：D 在这样无人找到“lie”的情况下，大家通常会静静坐着。
14．A.pleased
B．disappointed
C．annoyed
D．surprised
答案：A while提示与上文内容形成对比，上文的沉默应对应教授的“高兴”。
15．A.diaries
B．notes
C．homework
D．articles
答案：B 根据下文“forced us to __16__ what we had set down in our notebooks”可知。
16．A.go through
B．look for
C．find out
D．turn in
答案：A go through意为“仔细浏览，复习，经历”，look for意为“寻找”；find out“查明”；turn in 意为“上交”，结合语境，可知此处表示温习笔记，去查出“lie”的所在。
17．A.married
B．retired
C．graduated
D．moved
答案：C 根据下文可知，此处表示毕业好多年。
18．A.funny
B．fresh
C．useful
D．important
答案：B while意为“尽管”，知识已经忘记了但这些课永远留在脑海里。
19．A.responsible
B．greedy
C．patient
D．wrong
答案：D 结合全文主旨，可知此处表示所谓的专家也会犯错。
20．A.believing
B．spreading
C．challenging
D．organizing
答案：C 结合本文主题，可知，接受一个事物要学会用挑战的态度。
Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时15′)
A
[2024·山东诊断]For families on vacation, a playground provides a welcome break from sightseeing. It can also provide a glimpse into the local culture, from the setup of the park to the ways families interact. Here are the designs that live up to that challenge.
¤Fruit and Scent Park, Stockholm
Is there a picky eater on a steady diet of chicken fingers and cheese? Perhaps a trip to Sweden's Fruit and Scent Park will change his or her culinary (烹饪的) tune. This playground features a banana slide, an orange seesaw, pear huts, a watermelon jungle gym and a pair of cherry swings, all designed by public artist Johan Ferner Strom. Now, who can say you can't play with your food?
¤Nishi Rokugo Park, Tokyo
Located between central Tokyo and the city of Kawasaki, Nishi Rokugo combines recycled rubber tires (橡胶轮胎) with traditional playground equipment. In total， more than 3,000 tires of different sizes are used to create tunnels, bridges, tall sculptures for climbing and, of course, tire swings. There's little shade, so you can visit here in the early morning or late afternoon for the most comfortable weather, and be sure to wear your play clothes.
¤Bicentennial Children's Park, Santiago, Chile
Set a top San Cristóbal Hill, the Bicentennial Children's playground in Metropolitan Park was built to celebrate 200 years of Chilean independence and improve the lives of Santiago citizens. Dozens of slides are built into the slope, creating a design completely complementary (补充的) of the surrounding landscape. Fountains offer some relief from the sun, and ample seating gives parents a place to relax.
本文是一篇说明文，介绍的是几个适合家庭度假的景点，主要包括文化、家庭互动以及景区设计。
1．What is mainly talked about in the text?
A．Programs designed for culture exchange.
B．Theme parks attracting most tourists.
C．Creative sites for family to hang out.
D．Top museums around the world.
答案：C 主旨大意题。根据首段最后一句话“Here are the designs that live up to that challenge.”可知。
2．What can be learned about Fruit and Scent Park?
A．It is located in Tokyo, Japan.
B．Its design was led by some artists.
C．It is aimed to balance people's diet.
D．Its facilities are modelled after fruits.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句和最后一句的问题，以及结合全段描述的内容可知答案。
3．When visiting Nishi Rokugo Park, it is better to ________.
A．wear thick protective clothes
B．avoid moments when it's hot
C．take umbrellas and raincoats
D．watch out for the equipment
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第三段“There's little shade, so you can visit here in the early morning or late afternoon for...”可知答案。
4．Why does the author recommend Bicentennial Children's Park?
A．It becomes part of the surroundings.
B．It was built to improve people's lives.
C．It amuses kids and helps parents get relaxed.
D．It provides slides for both children and adults.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第四段“Fountains offer some relief from the sun, and ample seating gives parents a place to relax.”，并结合公园名称可确定答案。
1．glimpse n. 瞥
2.feature vi. 以……为特色
3．comfortable adj. 舒服的
4.landscape n. 风景；景色
5．ample adj. 丰富的；足够的
1．live up to 达到(水平)；不辜负
2．in total 总计；总共
原文：Located between central Tokyo and the city of Kawasaki, Nishi Rokugo combines recycled rubber tires with traditional playground equipment. (be located in/between...座落于……)
译文：Nishi Rokugo公园座落在东京市中心和川崎市的中间，它将再生橡胶轮胎与传统的操场设备结合在一起。
仿写：It is a small town located_30_miles_south of Chicago.
它是位于芝加哥以南30英里的一个小镇。
B
[2024·江津中学质检]Though the facts that too many people on earth and a too rapid increase in the number added each year are not in argument, we always begin the discussion of “population as global issue” with what most persons mean like this. It was quite right to compare demographic growth to “a long, thin powder fuse (导火线) that burns steadily and hesitatingly until it finally reaches the charge and explodes”．
To understand the current situation, which is characterized by rapid increases in population, it is necessary to understand the history of population trends. Rapid growth is a comparatively recent phenomenon. Looking back at the 8,000 years of demographic history, we find that populations have been virtually stable or growing very slightly for most of human history. For most of our ancestors, life was hard, often nasty, and very short. There was high fertility (生育) in most places, but this was usually balanced by high mortality (死亡率). For most of human history, it was seldom the case that one in ten persons would live past forty, while infancy and childhood were especially risky periods. Often, societies were in clear danger of extinction because death rates could exceed their birthrates. Thus, the population problem throughout most of history was how to prevent extinction of the human race.
This pattern is important to notice. Not only does it put the current problems of demographic growth into a historical perspective, but it suggests that the cause of rapid increase in population in recent years is not a sudden enthusiasm for more children, but an improvement in the conditions that traditionally have caused high mortality.
Demographic history can be divided into two major periods: a time of long, slow growth which extended from about 8000 B．C. till approximately 1650 A．D.. In the first period of some 9,600 years, the population increased from some 8 million to 500 million in 1650. Between 1650 and 1975, the population has increased from 500 million to more than 4 billion. And the population reached 6.2 billion throughout the world by the year 2000.One way to appreciate this dramatic difference in such abstract numbers is to reduce the time frame to something that is more manageable. Between 8000 B．C. and 1650, an average of only 50,000 persons was being added annually to the world's population. At present， this number is added every six hours. The increase is about 800,000,000 persons annually.
本文讲述的是人口增长的历史，从公元前8000年到当前人口的增长情况进行分析。
5．The underlined word “demographic” in Paragraph 1 means ________.
A．extinction of human
B．statistics of human population
C．death rate of human
D．development of human population
答案：B 词义猜测题。根据单词所在的句子中compare... to“a long, thin powder fuse that burns steadily and hesitatingly until it finally reaches the charge and explodes”并结合文章话题，可知。
6．Which of the following demographic growth patterns is most similar to the long thin powder fuse?
A．A slow growth for a long time and then a period of rapid, dramatic increase.
B．Too many people on earth and a few rapid increases in the number added each year.
C．A virtually stable or slightly decreasing period and then a sudden explosion of population.
D．A long period when death rates exceed birthrates and then a short period with higher fertility and lower mortality.
答案：A 细节理解题。导火线开始平稳燃烧，到最后会达到引爆点而爆炸，而人口的发展亦是如此。
7．During the first period of demographic history, societies were often in danger of extinction because ________.
A．only one in ten persons could live past 40
B．our ancestors had little enthusiasm for more children
C．there was higher mortality than fertility in most places
D．it was too dangerous to have babies due to the poor conditions
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段“because death rates could exceed their birthrates”可知。
8．The author of the passage intends to ________.
A．warn people against the population explosion in the near future
B．find out the cause of rapid increase in population in recent years
C．present us a brief and clear picture of the demographic growth
D．compare the demographic growth pattern in the past with that after 1650
答案：C 主旨大意题。根据文章首段作者把“人口问题”与“导火线”作比较以及最后一段列举的一些数字可知，作者很客观地陈述人口增长的情况。
1．global adj. 全球的
2．current adj./n. 当前的；通用的；流
3．exceed vt./vi. 超过；胜过
4.approximately adv. 大约
5．abstract adj. 抽象的
1．in danger of 处于危险中
2.at present 目前，现在
原文：To understand the current situation, which is characterized by rapid increases in population, it is necessary to understand the history of population trends.(不定式作目的状语)
译文：为了理解当前的形势——以人口快速增长为特点——有必要理解人口发展的趋势。
仿写：To_make_herself_understood,_the interpreter was busy explaining carefully the terms involved in the contract and how they accounted for the profits.
