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活页练(十二)单项填空＋阅读理解＋
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess，as her children are always ________ whenever she tries to.(2024·福建，29)
A．in the way
B．on watch
C．in sight
D．on the line
答案 A
解析 句意为：Mrs.Smith发现很难清理混乱局面，因为当她尽力清理时她的孩子总是妨碍她。in the way妨碍；on watch值班，监视；in sight在视力范围内，在即；on the line处于危险中，(对方)在接电话。
2．It’s not easy to change habits，________ with awareness and selfcontrol，it is possible.(2024·重庆，23)
A．for
B．or
C．but
D．so
答案 C
解析 考查连词。句意为：改变习惯不容易，但是如果有了想改变的意识和自控力，(改变习惯)也是可能的。前后句之间为转折关系，故选C项。
3．It was a real race________time to get the project done.Luckily，we made it.(2024·新课标全国Ⅰ，34)
A．over
B．by
C．for
D．against
答案 D
解析 考查介词辨析。句意为：完成这项任务真是一场与时间的赛跑，值得庆幸的是，我们做到了。与时间赛跑，显然是对抗，用against。
4．It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner.________，I’ll set the table.(2024·浙江，14)
A．As a result
B．On the whole
C．In the meanwhile
D．As a matter of fact
答案 C
解析 考查固定短语。as a result作为结果；on the whole整体看来；in the meanwhile在这时候，与此同时；as a matter of fact事实上。根据句意“如果你去商店把我们晚餐需要的东西买来，那可算帮我大忙了。你在做这事的时候，我会在家布置好桌子。”知C项符合逻辑。
5．The Smiths are praised________the way they bring up their children.(2024·山东，34)
A．from
B．by
C．at
D．for
答案 D
解析 考查介词。根据固定搭配praise sb.for sth.可知答案为D项。
6．The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place ________the main road at the far end of the lake.(2024·辽宁，27)
A．to
B．for
C．off
D．out
答案 C
解析 off表示“离开，偏离”的意思。句意为：Well宾馆坐落在一个安静的地方，在湖的尽头与主干街道隔着一定的距离。off the main road意为“与主干街道偏离”。
7．China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ________ all its citizens.(2024·福建，26)
A．in charge of
B．for the purpose of
C．in honor of
D．for the benefit of
答案 D
解析 in charge of掌管，负责；for the purpose of为了……目的；in honor of为了纪念……；for the benefit of为了……的利益。句意为：为了所有公民的利益，中国一直在推动公立医院的改革。根据句意可知D项意思最符合。
8．At school，some students are active ________ some are shy，yet they can be good friends with one another.
(2024·四川，4)
A．while
B．although
C．so
D．as
答案 A
解析 考查并列连词。句意为：在学校，一些学生很活跃而一些却很害羞，然而他们都可能彼此成为好朋友。根据句意选while，表示两个分句中两种情况的对比。
9．________all the animals I’ve ever had，these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word.(2024·浙江，6)
A．From
B．Of
C．For
D．With
答案 B
解析 two dogs属于all animals，故用介词of表示这种关系，如：many of us, 我们中的许多人。故B项符合语境。
10．It was a nice meal，________ a little expensive.(2011·大纲全国，19)
A．though
B．whether
C．as
D．since
答案 A
解析 句意为：尽管这顿饭有点儿贵，但还是很不错的。though尽管；whether是否；as因为，当……时；since自从。
11．Bring the flowers into a warm room ________ they’ll soon open.
A．or
B．and
C．but
D．for
答案 B
解析 本句为“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句型。根据题意，应为顺承关系。故选B项。
12．He was a good student and scored ________ average in most subjects.
A．below
B．of
C．on
D．above
答案 D
解析 句意为：他是一个好学生，大多数科目得分高于平均水平。above average高于平均数；below average低于平均数；on average平均起来，一般说来。
13．The traveler didn’t know________which direction to go.
A．in
B．at
C．to
D．/
答案 A
解析 表示“朝……方向去”，用介词in而不用to。
14．The agent was about to sign his name to the document ________，to our surprise，a stranger broke in to prevent him.
A．while
B．when
C．as
D．until
答案 B
解析 when此处为并列连词，相当于at that time，可译为“这时(突然)……”。
15．He found it increasingly difficult to read，________ his eyesight was beginning to fail.
A．though
B．for
C．but
D．so
答案 B
解析 句意为：他发现读书越来越困难，因为他的视力开始下降。for表示原因，符合句意。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Tail Spin
Two dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park.The smaller dolphin，Grace，shows off a few of her tricks，turning around and waving hello to the crowd.The most amazing thing about her，however，is that she’s even swimming at all.She doesn’t have a tail.
Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap.When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005，she was fighting for her life.“Is she going to make it？” Her trainer，Abbey Stone，feared the worst.Grace did make it—but her tail didn’t.She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle.
Over the past six years，she has learned to swim without her tail.Dolphins swim by moving their flukes and peduncle up and down.Grace taught herself to move another way—like a fish！She pushes herself forward through the water by moving her peduncle from side to side.
The movements put harmful pressure on Grace’s backbone.So a company offered to create a manmade tail for her.The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldn’t hurt her.
The first time Grace wore the artificial tail，she soon shook it off and let it sink to the bottom of the pool.Now，she is still learning to use the tail.Some days she wears it for an hour at a time，others not at all.“The new tail isn’t necessary for her to feel comfortable，” says Stone，“but it helps to keep that range of motion(动作) and build muscles(肌肉)．”
Now，the dolphin is about to get an even happier ending.This month，Grace will star in Dolphin Tale，a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery.Her progress has inspired more than just a new movie.Many people travel from near and far to meet her.Seeing Grace swim with her manmade tail gives people so much courage.(2024·北京，B)
1．When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park，her trainer worried about her________.
A．physical build
B．potential ability
C．chance of survival
D．adaptation to the surroundings
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。第二段提到Grace失去了尾巴，由“When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005，she was fighting for her life.”可知这只海豚生存下来的几率让人担忧。
2．A manmade tail is created for Grace to________.
A．let her recover faster
B．make her comfortable
C．adjust her way of swimming
D．help her perform better tricks
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。第三段提到Grace教会自己像鱼一样去游泳。再由第四段第一句“The movement put harmful pressure on Grace’s backbone.”及第四段第二句，一家公司为她设计人造尾巴以调整她游泳的方式，可知C项正确。
3．The story of Grace inspires people to________.
A．stick to their dreams
B．treat animals friendly
C．treasure what they have
D．face difficulties bravely
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。由全文及最后一段提到“Seeing Grace swim with her manmade tail gives people so much courage.”可知该故事激励人们勇敢面对困难。
B
Multitasking
People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once，a new research suggests.The findings，based on performances and selfevaluations by about 275 college students，indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity，but because they are easily distracted (分心) and
can’t focus on one activity.And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things，” said David
Sanbonmatsu，a psychologist at the University of Utah.
Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked，how good they thought they were at it，and how sensationseeking (寻求刺激) or impulsive(冲动) they were.They then evaluated the participants’ multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.
Not surprisingly，the scientists said，most people thought they were better than average at multitasking，and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once.But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.They also were more likely to admit to sensationseeking and impulsive behavior，which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted.
“People multitask not because it’s going to lead to greater productivity，but because they’re distractible，and they get sucked into things that are not as important，”Sanbonmatsu said.
Adam Gazzaley，a researcher at the University of California，San Francisco，who was not a member of the research group，said one limitation of the study was that it couldn’t find out whether people who start out less focused tend toward multitasking or whether people’s recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.
The findings do suggest，however，why the sensationseekers who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving.“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations，”said Paul Atchley，another researcher not in the group.“This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though they’re dangerous.”(2024·北京，D)
4．The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask ________.
A．seek high productivity constantly
B．prefer handling different things when getting bored
C．are more focused when doing many things at a time
D．have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。由文章第一段第三句“And ‘those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things’．..”及文章第三段第二句“But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.”可知选D项。
5．When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research，they________.
A．assessed the multitasking ability of the students
B．evaluated the academic achievements of the students
C．analyzed the effects of the participants’ tricky mental tasks
D．measured the changes of the students’ understanding ability
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由文章第二段第二句“They then evaluated the participants’ multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that...”，可知他们评价学生的多项任务处理能力，而不是其他能力，故选A项。
6．According to Sanbonmatsu，people multitask because of their ________.
A．limited power in calculation
B．interests in doing things differently
C．inability to concentrate on one task
D．impulsive desire to try new things
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。文章第一段第二句及第四段知人们多项任务处理是因为他们不能专注于一项任务，故选C项。
7．From the last paragraph，we can learn that multitaskers usually________.
A．drive very skillfully
B．go in for difficult tasks
C．fail to react quickly to potential dangers
D．refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。由文章最后一段第二句“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.”可知多项任务处理者们通常对潜在危险不能迅速作出反应。故选C项。
Ⅲ.短文填词
A woman was waiting at an airport one day for her flight.She was r________ a book with a bag of cookies beside her but happened
1.reading
to see a man next to her seizing a cookie ________ two from the bag in
2.or
between them.She tried to ignore it as the cookie thief kept e________.
3.eating
When only one cookie was ________，he took it and broke it into4.left/there
halves.He offered her a half，and ate the o________.She was angry5.other
and ________(叹息)with relief at the boarding time.She gathered her6.sighed
belongings and reached for her ________(行李).7.baggage/luggage
Much ________ her surprise，she found her cookies untouched！8.to
“Those cookies weren’t mine.He tried to share，________ (然而)．”9.though
she said to herself，“It is too l________ to apologize.” She realized10.late
she was the rude one，the thief.
