【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
【温馨提示】 过去分词作状语同现在分词作状语时一样，其逻辑上的主语就是主句的主语，但所不同的是，过去分词与主语之间存在被动关系，但有时无被动意味，只是表示一种状态或动作的完成，而现在分词与主语之间存在着主动关系。 ③Given_better_attention，the flowers could have grown better.要是照看得好一点，这些花会长得更好。 ④Dressed in white，she looks really pretty. 穿着白衣服，她看起来真美。 ⑤Seeing the photo，he couldn’t help thinking of his good old days.看到那张照片，他禁不住想起了美好的往昔。 3(教材P35)The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this_being_my first_experience，I stayed at the top and watched them. 另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。 【点津】 this being my first experience 是独立主格结构。,独立主格结构的构成方法： n./pron.＋v.-ing/-ed/to do/n./adj./adv./prep.phrase。 其中名词或代词起着逻辑主语的作用；另一部分表示状态、状况或动作。 独立主格结构本身不是句子，但在语义上相当于一个句子。在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开。 ①The guide leading the way，we had no trouble getting out of the forest.向导领着路，我们毫不费劲地走出了森林。 ②Weather_permitting，we will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. 如果天气允许的话，我们将在明天组织一次海滨旅游。 ③He left the office，tears_in_eyes. 他眼里含着泪水离开了办公室。 ④He walked into the classroom，his head lowered. 低着头，他走进教室。 ⑤There being no one else to turn to，I had to come to see you.我没有其他可以求助的人，只能来找你。 跟踪训练 1．Leonardo Da Vinci(1452～1519)________birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. A．is said to be buying B．is said to have bought C．had said to buy
D．has said to have bought 解析：选B。本题考查动词不定式及时态的应用。因为say与主语(人)是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态；再由括号中的时间标志可知应用现在完成时。故选B。 2．It is often ________that human beings are naturally equipped to speak. A．said
B．to say C．saying
D．being said 解析：选A。句意为：经常听人说人类天生有说话的能力。It is said that...为固定句式，意为“据说……”。 3．AIDS is said________the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years. A．that it is
B．to be C．that it has been
D．to have been 解析：选D。句意为：据说，在过去的几年中，艾滋病对于那个地区的男女来说已是最大的健康挑战。It is said that从句可转换为Sb./Sth.be said to do/to be doing/to have done的形式。由此可淘汰A、C两项，由句子中的时间状语over the past few years可知要用完成时，所以淘汰B项，故选D。 4．________in the queue for half an hour，the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. A．Waiting
B．To wait C．Having waited
D．To have waited 解析：选C。本题考查非谓语动词。根据the old man与wait之间的关系，应该选择v.ing形式，再根据句意得知他是先“wait”后才“realize”。所以先发生的动作应该用完成式having waited。 5．The children went home from
the grammar school，their lessons ________for the day. A．finishing
B．finished C．had finished
D．were finished 解析：选B。本题考查名词的独立主格结构。名词短语their lessons和动词finish之间是被动完成关系，故用过去分词finished。 6．The car burns more fuel，but ________all things into consideration,it’s still a good car. A．taken
B．having taken C．taking
D．to take 解析：选C。独立成分作状语。注意有些分词短语的形式是固定的，不受上下文影响，因此被称为独立成分。句意为：这辆汽车耗油量较大，但是综合整体情况来看，它仍不失为一部好车。 本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放 解析：选C。考查形容词辨析。根据后半句“甚至连警告通知都没有扫上一眼就走进了森林”可知“这位猎人对自己的安全很确信(sure)”。be curious about“对……好奇”，be anxious about“对……担心”。 短语精释 1make one’s way 前往；获得成功 (教材P35)It was not easy to walk in these suits，but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre. 穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去,并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。 归纳拓展 fight one’s way 奋力前进 lose one’s way 迷路 feel one’s way 摸索前进 force one’s way 强行前进；挤出去 push one’s way 挤出来 wind one’s way 蜿蜒前进 ①We managed to make our way through the excited crowd. 我们奋力地从激动的人群中挤了出来。 ②I’m glad that he makes his way in his career. 我很高兴他在事业上有所进步。 ③Without experience on it，we have to feel_our_way. 由于在这方面没有经验，我们必须摸索着前进。 2vary from...to... 由……到……不等 (教材P39)The land varies in height from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals. 这里地面的高度由海拔700米到2000多米不等，是多种多样的珍稀动植物的生长地。 归纳拓展 ①(朗文P2273)The price of seafood varies according to the season.海产品的价格随季节而变化。 ②Opinions on this matter vary from person to person. 对于这件事，人人意见不一。 ③As in China，the climate in Canada varies，depending on the area.正如中国一样，加拿大的气候也因地而异。 ④For various/a_variety_of reasons，he didn’t attend the meeting.因种种原因，他没参加会议。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.选词填空 burn to the ground；build up；make one’s way；vary from...to...；feel one’s way 1．Finally he turned round and，slowly began to ____________ back towards the house. 2．The famous hotel on the corner had __________________________ before police arrived. make his way been burnt to the ground 3．There was no moonlight outside.They had to ________________ in the dark. 4．These are
relatively large
files，____________500K____________1 MB. feel their way varying from to 5．Many a large business has been ____________from a smaller one. built up Ⅱ.单项填空 1．It is obvious that the hopes，goals,fears and desires________ widely between men and women，between the rich and the poor. A．transform
B．strengthen C．transfer
D．vary 解析：选D。句意为：很明显男人和女人，富人和穷人在希望、目标、恐惧和欲望方面有很大的不同。vary between...and...由……到……的情况不等。transform“使改观，使变形；使转化”；strengthen“(使)变强，加强；使更坚固”；transfer“转换”。 2．If you want to __________ in the world，you must learn to work hard while you are still young. A．make much of yourself
B．make the way out C．make you out
D．make your way 解析：选D。根据语境应是“如果你想成功”，故选D。make one’s way除了可表示“到(某地)，(向某地)走去”之外，还可表示“成功；有出息”。make much of sb.“重视”；make sth.out“看清；辨认清楚”；make sb.out “看透；弄懂某人”。 3．—How much will I pay for a night? —Prices __________ from room to room. A．vary
B．increase C．divide
D．range 解析：选A。vary from...to...“因……而异”。句意为：——住一夜我得付多少钱？——价格因房间而异。 1(教材P39)_It_is_said_that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people. 据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。 句型精析 【点津】 (1)It is said that...表示“据说……”的意思，实际上it为形式主语,that 引导的为主语从句。相当于People say that...的意思。该结构还可以改变成Sb.is said to do...结构。 (2)注意根据动词不定式和is said动作之间的时间关系，使用不定式的一般式、进行式或完成式。 ①John is said to be one of the best teachers in the school. ＝It_is_said_that John is one of the best teachers in the school.据说约翰是这个学校最好的老师之一。 ②He is said to have written a new book about workers. ＝It is said that he has written a new book about workers.据说他写了一本有关工人的新书。 归纳拓展 It is thought that...大家认为…… It is believed that...人们相信…… It is hoped that...人们希望…… It is reported that...据报道…… It is well-known that...众所周知…… It is generally considered that...大家认为…… It is supposed that...据推测 ③It was reported that more than 180 people had been killed in the fire.据报道，那场大火烧死了180多人。 ④It_is_hoped_that the terrible disease will soon be controlled.人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。 2(教材P34)Having_collected_and evaluated_the_information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. 收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家来预测熔岩接着将往何处流去，流速是多少。 【点津】 having collected and evaluated the information是现在分词的完成式在句中作状语，表明从句动作发生在主句动作之前。 ①Having answered the teacher’s questions，she sat down and felt much more relaxed. 回答老师的问题后，她坐下来，感到轻松多了。 ②Having_been_separated_from other continents for millions of years，Australia has many plants and animals not found anywhere else in the world. 由于与其他的大洲分离了几百万年了,澳大利亚有许多在世界上其他地方都找不到的动植物。 ③In my opinion，the programme is_not_suitable_for children. 依我看来,这个节目儿童不宜。 辨析suit/match/fit suit 多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合等。 match 多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。 fit 多指大小、形状的合适。 巧思妙解 用suit，match，fit填空 (1)These shoes don’t __________ me.Have you got a larger size? fit (2)The color of the clothes __________ a woman at my wife’s age. (3)—How about eight o’clock outside the cinema? —That __________ me fine. matches suits 3panic vi.& vt.(使人或动物)受惊；惊慌(过去式与过去分词都为panicked；现在分词为panicking) n. 惊慌；恐慌 (教材P38)I felt very nervous and had to force myself not to panic. 我非常紧张，不得不强迫自己不要惊慌。 归纳拓展
①(朗文P1478)Lisa panicked when she heard she might be fired.莉萨听说自己可能会被解雇后惊慌失措。 ②(牛津P1440)There is no point getting into a panic about the exams.对考试惊慌失措是没有用的。 ③(朗文P1478)Small business owners are in a panic over whether they will survive. 小企业主们不知道自己能否生存下去,因此惶恐不安。 ④The audience were_thrown_into_a_panic when the fire started.一发生火灾，观众顿时陷入一片慌乱之中。 4guarantee vt. 保证……免受损失或伤害；担保 n. 保证；保证书 (教材P39)If you are lucky enough to visit the Lake of Heaven with your loved one， don’t forget to drop a coin into the clear blue water to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself. 如果你有幸和你的爱人一起游览天池，不要忘了向清澈、湛蓝的湖中投入一枚硬币来保证你们的爱情像湖水一样幽深而长久。 归纳拓展
①(朗文P919)Even if you complete your training，I can’t guarantee_you_a_job. 即使你接受完培训，我也不能担保你会有工作。 ②(朗文P919)The plan would guarantee health care to all Americans. 这项计划将保证所有美国人都能享受医疗保健服务。 ③(朗文P919)Going out with friends is guaranteed to cheer you up.和朋友一起出去玩肯定会让你高兴起来。 ④(朗文P919)Can you give_me_a_guarantee_that the work will be finished on time? 你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？ 5anxious adj.忧虑的，不安的 (教材P38)I was so anxious and couldn’t move at first. 我非常担心，一开始吓得动弹不得。
(1)be anxious for/to do sth.渴望某事/做某事 be anxious(for sb.)to do sth.急于让某人做…… 归纳拓展
(2)be anxious about...为……担心/担忧 be anxious that...担心……(that从句采用should do虚拟语气，should可以省略) ①(牛津P75)She was_anxious_to finish school and get a job.她渴望毕业找份工作。 ②(浙江高考)My mother always gets a bit anxious if we
don’t arrive when
we say we will.如果我们不能在我们所说的时间到达，母亲总是有点焦虑。 ③I felt_anxious_about/was_anxious about his safety when I heard the news of the train accident. 当我听到火车事故的消息时，我很担心他的安全。 ④(牛津P75)If you are worried about your health，share your anxieties with your doctor. 你要是担心自己的健康，就把自己的忧虑告诉医生吧。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．She __________________(十分惊慌)when she thought she’d lost the ticket. got into a real panic 2．Such a life as you describe _____________________(不适合我)． 3．Buying a train ticket two days ahead of time will usually ________________________(保证你有个好座位)． would not suit me guarantee you a good seat 4．We must _____________________ (任命一位新老师)at once to the mountain school. 5．It is reported that there are plenty of graduates ________________(渴求工作)． appoint a new teacher anxious for work Ⅱ.单项填空 1．(2011·高考湖北卷)“Tommy，run！Be quick！The house is on fire！” the mother shouted，with __________ clearly in her voice. A．Anger
B．rudeness C．regret
D．panic 解析：选D。句意：“汤米，快跑！快点！房子着火了！”妈妈大声喊着,声音里显然带着恐慌。考查名词辨析。房间着火了，妈妈叫孩子赶紧跑出去,从这些信息看，本空应选D，表示“恐慌，惊恐”。A项“愤怒”；B项“粗鲁，粗暴”；C项“懊悔，遗憾，抱歉”，都不符合句意。 2．We could go now or this afternoon.Whatever time ________ you best? A．fits
B．meets C．satisfies
D．suits 解析：选D。句意为：我们可以现在或者今天下午走，哪个时间更适合你？suit指“适合某种安排、需要和目的”,符合题意。fit多指“(大小、形状)适合,适宜，吻合”；meet “满足(愿望、要求)，达到(目的)”；satisfy “满足(欲望)；使某人满意”。 3．__________ the vacant post，Smith felt very happy and decided to be up to the job. A．Concerning
B．Concerned about C．Appointed to
D．Applied to 解析：选C。句意为：因为被委任到这个空缺的职位上，史密斯很高兴，并决定要胜任这份工作。appointed to是过去分词短语作状语。concerning “鉴于；考虑到”；be concerned about“关心”。 4．Food safety __________ to customers,which should be the minimum requirement for the food industry. A．guarantees
B．is guaranteed C．is guaranteeing
D．guaranteed 解析：选B。考查时态和语态。句意为：保证顾客食品安全应该是对食品行业的最低要求。“食品安全”应该是“被保证”，故B项正确。 5．The hunter was so __________ about his own safety that he didn’t even look at the warning notice before walking in the forest. A．curious
B．sad C．sure
D．anxious Unit 5 The power of nature ——大自然的力量 基础盘点自测自评 核心单词
1．When the train began to move quickly，Helen excitedly ____________(挥手)at her friends on the platform. waved 2．Most researchers believe that，in theory，mobile phones are ____________(绝对地)safe. 3．My time is ____________(珍贵的)；I can only give you a few minutes. absolutely precious 4．When he came out of the water，he was____________(颤抖)with cold. 5．She got into a ____________(惊慌)when she found she had lost her necklace. trembling panic 6．Interest is the best teacher，and a lack of interest is a ____________(保证)of failure. 7．A number of ____________(可能的) buyers have expressed interest in the company and placed orders for some of its products. guarantee potential 8．I think you can come any time in the afternoon，if that ____________(适合)you. 9．Tom made a big____________(运气)in his business，but____________(不幸的是)，he went bankrupt because of his careless investment. suits fortune unfortunately 10．He was____________(忧虑的) to leave and he could not hide his ____________(担心；焦虑)． anxious anxiety 高频短语
1．________________前往 2．________________
匆匆看一遍 3．________________
由……到……不等 4．________________
生产；产生 5．___________________
与……相比 make one’s way glance through vary from...to... give birth to be compared with... 6．________________
保护……免受……伤害 7．________________
被委派为…… 8．________________
全部焚毁 9．________________
即将做某事；马上就要做某事 10．________________
查阅，参考，指的是 protect...from... be appointed as... burn to the ground be about to do sth. refer to 典型句式 1．现在分词作状语 ___________________________________ _________________________(收集和评估这些信息之后)，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. Having collected and evaluated the information 2．be about to...when...结构 I ____________________________(正要再睡)when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day. 3．独立主格结构 ..._______________________________ (但这是我的第一次经历)，I stayed at the top and watched them. was about to go back to sleep but this being my first experience 4．it be＋过去分词＋that从句 _________________________________(据说)this boy,who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people. It is said that v．-ing形式 1．(2024·浙江温州八校联考)They made a great effort to prepare the exhibition，________to achieve a big success. A．hopedB．hoping C．to hope
D．hope 单元语法 解析：选B。考查非谓语动词。现在分词作伴随状语，表示与主句谓语动词同时进行。 2．(2011·杭州二次质检)A powerful earthquake struck Haiti’s capital，________tens of thousands homeless and buried in ruins. A．left
B．to leave C．being left
D．leaving 解析：选D。考查非谓语动词。句意为：海地首都发生强烈地震，导致数万人无家可归，数万人被埋在废墟中。空白处用现在分词作结果状语，表示地震发生后自然而然带来的结果。 3．(2024·湖南炎德、英才、长沙一中联考)The two old sisters，________so long，held each other and burst into tears. A．being separated
B．having separated C．having been separated
D．separating 解析：选C。考查非谓语动词。主语sisters与动词separated之间为被动关系，且动作发生在谓语动词held之前,故选C。 4．(2011·绵阳市第二次诊断)________the youth to the rising sun at 8 or 9 o’clock a．m.，Mao Zedong expressed his great hope for the young men. A．Compared
B．To compare C．Compare
D．Comparing 解析：选D。考查非谓语动词。从句意和结构上可以看出compare与主语Mao Zedong是主动关系，因此用现在分词comparing。
5．(2011·高考上海卷)At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam.Then I changed my mind，________ that he could do nothing to help. A．to realize
B．realized C．realizing
D．being realized 解析：选C。句意为：我曾经下决心要和Sam叔叔谈谈，可后来我改变了想法,意识到他根本帮不上忙。考查非谓语动词作状语。空格处非谓语动词和逻辑主语Ⅰ之间是主动关系，可排除表被动的B和D两项；A项不定式通常表目的，在此不符合语境，也被排除。此题中用现在分词作伴随状语，表原因。 考点串讲讲练互动 单词精研 1appoint vt. 约定；指定(时间、地点等)，任命；委任 (教材P34)I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory(HVO)twenty years ago. 我被任命为火山学家去夏威夷火山观测站工作已经20年了。 归纳拓展 ①(牛津P82)They have appointed a new headmaster at my son’s school.我儿子读书的学校任命了一位新校长。 ②(牛津P82)They appointed him (as) captain of the English team.他们任命他为英格兰队队长。 ③The time appointed for the meeting was 10∶30. 规定开会的时间是10点30分。 ④(牛津P82)She made_an_appointment_for her son to see the doctor.她为儿子约定了看医生的时间。 2suit n. 一套外衣；套装 vt. 适合；使适宜 (教材P35)It was not easy to walk in these suits，but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre. 穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去,并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。 (1)suit sb.适合某人 suit...to...使……适合、适应 suit one’s needs 适合需要 (2)a suit of clothes一套衣服 (3)be suitable for sb./sth.适合于某人/某物 be suitable to do sth.适合做某事 归纳拓展
