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必修5 Unit 1（1）
Unit 1 Great scientists A
Here’s a movie—a sharp, sugar-rush of fun that’s guaranteed to entertain the entire family. With some terrific computer-generated effects, a great cast and a fun-packed storyline, Robots is the best animated film (动画片) since The Incredibles. Yep, it really is that good. Set in a world populated by robots, Ewan McGregor plays Rodney Copperbottom, a young robot who leaves his small-town home to pursue his dream of becoming an inventor. But after arriving in Robot City, his hopes of getting a job at Bigweld Industries are destroyed when he learns the firm has been taken over by the evil Ratchet (Greg Kinnear). Egged on by his controlling mum, Madame Gasket (Jim Broadbent), Ratchet plans to reduce half of Robot City’s citizens to scrap metal by refusing to sell the spare parts they need to survive. Instead, he wants to make a fortune selling expensive upgrades that few can afford. As he says, “Why be you when you can be new?” Aided by a few misfit robots known as the Rustles—including Robin Williams as the cowardly' (胆小的）Fender (“I’m made of a metal called Afraidium”)—Rodney must track down the firm’s founder, Bigweld (Mel Brooks), and convince him to save the city from Ratchet’s plans. The first thing that’ll strike you about the movie is the thought that's gone into creating Robot City. It’s a wondrous world full of mechanical marvels including wind-up cars and walking streetlamps. Also terrific are the special effects. This might be an animated movie but at times you’ll catch yourself thinking it’s really a live-action film. Of course, there have been plenty of animated movies that looked the part but were let down by a weak storyline (see Shark Tale, for example). But Robots grips (扣人心弦) right from the start thanks to a heart-warming and thoroughly engaging plot that never bores. My only complaints are with Williams who, as usual，has a one-in-10 success rate with his jokes. Also a letdown is a romantic subplot between Rodney and a shapely robot called Cappy (Halle Berry) that doesn’t go anywhere. Complains aside, this is a mechanical marvel that’ll have you bolted firmly to your seat. BEST QUOTE(引述): Fender: “Even though you had a discouraging day, just remember there’s another one coming tomorrow.” BEST BIT: Check out those amazing images.
WORST BIT: Robin Williams, character does an unfunny Britney Spears dance routine. IF YOU LIKED…Ice Age, The Incredibles, Toy Story... YOU’LL LIKE THIS. 56、This piece of writing is a _______.
A．commercial advertisement B．film review
C．movie poster D．literary essay
The cast of Robots is made up of all the following actors or actresses EXCEPT _______.
A．Ewan McGregor B．Robin Williams
C．Britney Spears D．Halle Berry
What is Shark Tale an example of?
A．A great cast. B．A poor plot.
C．Special effects. D．Clumsy animation.
—58、BCB
1．defeat(vt.)打败；战胜；使受挫
(n.)失败
2．attend(vt.)照顾；护理；出席；参加
3．cure(vt.& n．)治愈；痊愈；治疗
4．challenge(n.)挑战
(vt.)向……挑战
5．absorb(vt.)吸收；吸引；使专心
6．suspect(vt.)认为；怀疑
(n.)被怀疑者；嫌疑犯
7．blame(vt.)责备；谴责
(n.)过失；责备
8．handle(n.)柄；把手
(vt.)处理；操纵
9．cautious(adj.)小心的，谨慎的
10．conclude(vt.& vi.)结束；推断出→conclusion(n.)结论；结束
11．expose(vt.)暴露；揭露；使曝光→exposed(adj.)无遮蔽的；无保护的；风险高的
12．pollute(vt.)污染；弄脏→pollution(n.)污染
13．announce(vt.)宣布；通告→announcement(n.)通知；宣告
14．contribute(vt.& vi.)捐献；贡献；捐助→contribution(n.)捐献；贡献；捐助
15．reject(vt.)拒绝；不接受；抛弃→rejection(n.)拒绝；抛弃
16．instruct vt.命令；指示；教导→instruction n．教授；传授→instructions n．用法；说明；操作指南
17．construct vt.建设；修建→construction n．建设；建筑物
1．put_forward提出
2．expose...to 使显露；暴露
3．apart_from除……之外；此外
4．make_sense讲得通；有意义
5．draw_a_conclusion得出结论
6．link...to...将……和……联系或连接起来
7．be_strict_with...对……严格的
8．be_to_blame应受谴责，应负责任
9．point_of_view态度，观点，看法
10．slow_down减速
11．lead_to通向，导致
12．look_into调查
1．Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解对它的治疗。
名师指津：neither...nor...既不……也不……。
例句仿写：老师和其他学生都不相信他解释的迟到的原因。
Neither_teacher_nor_other_students believed the reason he explained for being late.
2．So many thousands of terrified people died every time
there was an outbreak.每次爆发霍乱时就有成千上万惊恐的人病死。
名师指津：every time每次，作连词用，引导时间状语从句。
例句仿写：每当我听到这首歌，它使我想起与祖母在一起的幸福时光。
Every_time_I_hear_this_song，it makes me think of the happy days when I was with Granny.
3．Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通。
名师指津：“only＋状语”位于句首时后面主句需用部分倒装。
例句仿写：生活就是一个挑战，只有当我们学会面对挑战时，我们才会实现目标。
Life is a challenge，only when we learn to face it can_we_achieve_our_aims.
4．A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.
有一位从宽街搬过来的妇女，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里。
名师指津：have/get sth.done某事情被做。
例句仿写：别担心，他将会尽力按时完成任务的。
There is no need to worry.He will try to have/get_his_work_finished on time.
conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出
(牛津P409)He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.
他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。
(1)conclude sth.以……结束
conclude that...推断出，断定
(2)arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论
come to the conclusion that...所得结论是……
in conclusion最后；总之
He concluded_his_speech_with a famous saying：where there is a will，there is a way.
他以一句名言 “有志者事竟成”结束他的演讲。
We will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion.我们将作进一步的讨论，然后再作出最终结论。
(福建书面表达)In_conclusion，people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage.
总之，全世界的人们都应该意识到水资源短缺的真实现状。expose vt.暴露，揭露；使曝光；使面临
教材原句P2：But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。
(1)expose...to...使……显露/暴露于……
(be) exposed to...暴露于……；处于……危险中
(2)expose sth.to sb.向某人揭发某事
(3)expose sb.to sth.使某人接触到某物；使某人面临遭受某事
Don’t expose your skin to direct sunlight，or you’ll get sunburnt.不要让你的皮肤直接暴晒于阳光下，否则你会被晒伤。
The more one is_exposed_to the Englishspeaking environment，the better he or she will learn the language.
一个人越多接触说英语的环境就越能学好这门外语。
It is reported that he exposed the truth of the milk poisoning incident to the public.
他向公众揭露了毒奶粉事件的真相。absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心；并入，吞并
教材原句P2：The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.
第二种看法表明人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。
(1)absorb one’s attention吸引某人注意
(2)be absorbed by/into被……吞并，被……所吸收
be absorbed/buried in全神贯注于
Absorbed_in_his_work，Tom simply forgot food and sleep.
汤姆专心于工作，几乎忘记了吃饭和睡觉。
Most little shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis.
受全球金融危机的影响，大多数小店已被并入大公司。
I haven’t really had time to absorb everything that he said.
事实上我还没有时间弄懂他所说的一切。blame vt.责备；谴责；把……归咎于；n.过失；责备
教材原句P2：It seemed that the water was to blame.
看来水是罪魁祸首。
(1)
(2)bear/take the blame for...对……负责
lay/put the blame for sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人身上
(2024·江苏书面表达)Instead of blaming each other，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.
我们应该多交流，换位思考而不是相互责怪。
Mr Green stood up in_defence_of the 16yearold boy，saying that he was not the one to_blame.格林先生站起来保护这个16岁的男孩，说他不是该受谴责的人。
The drunk driver should take_the_blame for the traffic accident.
那位醉酒司机应该承担交通事故责任。contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助
(2024·重庆卷)The achievement of a particular goal makes you feel good and contributes to your confidence.
一个特定目标的实现会使你感觉良好同时有助于你信心的建立。
(1)
(2)
(2024·山东写作)Finally，some good English study websites contribute a lot to my improvement in English.最后，一些好的英语学习网站也对我的英语提高起了很大作用。
Eating too much fat can contribute_to heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
摄入太多的脂肪会导致心脏病和高血压的发生。
He has made_great_contributions to a space development program.他对太空发展计划有很大贡献。defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫；n.失败
(朗文P528)It was a lack of money，not effort，that defeated their plan.他们的计划失败并非努力不够，而是缺乏资金。
Facts showed that only when they united could they defeat the strong enemies.
事实证明只有他们团结起来才能击败强大的敌人。
As is expected，our baseball team has suffered_another_defeat.
正如所预料的一样，我们的棒球队再次失败了。
辨析：defeat，beat与win
defeat/beat defeat和beat是同义词，其宾语为“人”或“一个团体”，常可互换。defeat侧重在战场上打败敌人。beat常用于游戏或比赛中
win win后接sth.，表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，宾语多用game，war，prize等词，不能是人；win也可用作不及物动词，表示“赢，获胜”
No difficulty could defeat/beat this brave man since he is so confident and capable.
⑤He was so nervous that he could feel his heart beating faster.
⑥Who do you think will win the beauty contest?
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．Professor Wang said the reason foro shortsightedness is complicated and there is still______________________(没有治疗方法)．
答案： no cure for it
2．Keeping prices from going up too sharply is________________________________(对中国是一个挑战) as well as the whole world.
答案： a challenge to China
3．Water can______________________(吸收和放出大量热量) without big changes in temperature，thus creating a stable environment.
答案： absorb and give off a lot of heat
4．The army was welltrained and wellarmed，and had little difficulty______________________(打败敌人)．
答案： defeating the enemy
5．__________________________________(暴露在阳光下很长时间) will do harm to your skin.
答案： Being exposed to sunlight for too much time
6．According to the driver’s explanation，it was not his carelessness but the bad road conditions that____________________(负责任) the accident.
答案： were to blame for
.单项填空
1．(2024·山东省十二校高三联考)Most of the people present at the meeting think poorly of the proposal，which they think will________the worsening of the environment.
A．adapt toB．refer to
C．subscribe to D．contribute to
解析： 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：大多数与会者都不看好这一提议，他们认为它会导致环境的恶化。contribute to是……的原因之一，符合句意。
答案： D
2．(2024·山西高三第三次四校联考)Studies show that students often________to too much pressure tend to develop mental problems.
A．exposing
B．being exposed
C．to expose
D．exposed
解析： 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，因expose与students之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用被动语态，排除A、C两项，此处不表示正在进行的动作，排除B项，故选D，为过去分词作后置定语。
答案： D
3．Nowadays，children are________to too many violent online games，which is bad for the development of their character.
A．linked B．led
C．used D．exposed
解析： 考查动词辨析。句意为：当今，孩子们接触过多暴力网络游戏，这对他们的性格发展不好。be exposed to接触……，暴露在……，符合题意。
答案： D
4．(福建高考)________for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits.
A．Blaming B．Blamed
C．To blame D．To be blamed
解析： 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意为：Alice因为电脑网络故障被责备，情绪很低落。非谓语形式用做原因状语，主语是这个动作的承受者，故用过去分词blame。D项to be blamed有将要的意思。
答案： B
5．(2024·枣庄模拟)It was the boy，rather than his teachers，that________for what the boy had done.
A．were to blame B．were to blamed
C．was to blame D．was to be blamed
解析： be to blame表示“应该受责备”，从结构分析主语应当为the boy，因此选C。
答案： C
6．(2024·绍兴名校联考)We have come to the________that it would be unwise to accept his idea.
A．suggestion B．conclusion
C．plan D．promise
解析： 考查名词词义。句意为：我们得出结论接受他的想法非明智之举。come to the conclusion得出结论；suggestion建议；plan计划；promise诺言。
答案： B
put forward 提出(建议)；推荐；将……提前
教材原句P1：Who put forward a theory about black holes?
