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专题五 │ 真题典例 真题典例
[2011·北京卷]
In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it. 专题五 │ 真题典例 【解析】 One possible version：
In the picture，there stands a tree full of fruit on one side of the stream. Across the stream，a man is trying to reach out on the edge of the bank for the fruit with a net attached to a pole. Not far away there is a bridge that can lead him to the tree for more fruit. 专题五 │ 真题典例
The message conveyed in the picture is clear. In pursuing a dream，we might focus on only one way of making it come true，forgetting that there may be alternatives. As indicated in the picture，if the man is willing to look for other possibilities，he can find a better and more rewarding way to achieve his goal. All he has to do is to turn around，cross the bridge and walk to the tree.
专题五 │ 新题预测 In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it. 新题预测 专题五 │ 新题预测 【解析】
One possible version：
The picture vividly shows that a cat is sitting with both eyes glued to a big fish, which is obviously placed in a dish by its owner, while under its nose a rat is slipping away with all it has stolen.
The picture reminds me of a phenomenon that some parents do what they can for their children. As a result, the children 专题五 │ 新题预测 are so spoiled that they lose the ability of doing ordinary things. Just like the spoiled cat in the picture, born mouse- catcher as it is, it may eventually lose its talent.
So, in my opinion, parents should let their children learn whatever may lie ahead of them because in this process their ability develops to its fullest. 专题二 │ 新题预测
【解析】
(二) One possible version：
Online shopping is common in our daily life now. There are two kinds of opinions about it.
Some people think that online shopping has a lot of advantages. The most important one is its convenience. People don’t have to waste their time and energy to go from one shop to another to buy commodities they like. This is especially useful to the busy people, the aged and the disabled people
专题二 │ 新题预测 who can’t go to shops in person. Besides, on the Internet there is enough information of all kinds of commodities, and people are able to buy things from a distant place.
But other people object to online shopping. They think that the real goods may be different from what the consumers have seen on the Net, thus the quality of commodities bought online may not be ensured. What’s worse, once cheated online, one may find it difficult to make a complaint.
In my opinion, it is better for all to be careful when shopping online. 专题三 说明文型书面表达 专题三 说明文型书面表达
专题导读 专题三 │ 专题导读
说明文写作要点
说明文的写作可以按时间、空间、结构、逻辑顺序来写，也可以采取举例、比较、对比、分类、分析、说明、叙述等方法。
1．比较对照
比较对照有两种，一是逐点比较，二是整块比较，即AB交错或先A后B：
(1)逐点比较：A，B, A，B, A，B, 结构 (如内容较多，可逐点分析。) 专题三 │ 专题导读 (2)整块比较：A，A，A, B，B，B, 结构(如内容简单，可将两者分开描述) 2．分类 分类是人类认识客观世界的重要手段之一，也是描写事物、解释观点最有效的方式之一。通过将一事物分类，可使复杂的事物变得清晰明了，便于作者阐述自己的观点。分类段落的各类排列要有条理，可采用从主要到次要，从次要到主要，从多到少或从少到多等方式排列，亦可平行排列。 专题三 │ 专题导读
3．例证
例证指具体说明人或事物的特点、本质及其规律的方法。所用例子需有代表性、典型性。例证型段落的写作方式多为先提出主题再列举事例。在事例之前一般有for example或for instance。例证后面，根据情况还可以加上结论句。
4．因果
因果是两个事物之间的关系。一些说明文，议论文通过分析因果关系说明一个中心思想。因果型段落的扩展模式有两种，一是分类编排法，另一个是连环编排法。如果只讨论成因或只讨论结果，细节比较简单，只需按其重要性或其逻辑顺序进行编排。 专题三 │ 专题导读
(1)分类编排法：指先讨论原因，然后讨论结果；或先讨论结果，后讨论原因。
(2) 连环编排法：先讨论一组因果，再一组因果，再一组因果，形成一个锁链。当因果紧密相连，前一果为后一果之因时，经常使用这种方式。
说明文的篇章结构
开头——引出全文的话题，对要说明的事物或事情简要介绍 (如：说明缘由)。 专题三 │ 专题导读
主体——围绕话题展开讨论，用事实，理由，观点等来进行解释，说明或论证。
结尾——对话题进行概括，总结归纳。一两句收尾的句子，表示说明到此为止。 专题三 │ 真题典例 真题典例 [2011·安徽卷] 某校英文报开辟了一个专栏：Experience。本期话题是如何解决学习中遇到的困难。请你以“My Approach to Difficulties in Learning”为题，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈自己的一些做法。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.短文中不能出现本人相关信息。 专题三 │ 真题典例 【解析】
One possible version：
My Approach to Difficulties in Learning
As high school students, we run into one difficulty after another in the process of learning. Everyone has their own way to deal with them. Here I would like to share mine.
When I am faced with a difficulty, I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or Web pages. In this way, I can not only work it out but also improve my ability to overcome problems all by myself. 专题三 │ 真题典例
However, when it is something beyond my competence, I turn to my classmates or teachers for help. Sometimes I also ask my parents for advice. As a result, I have made steady progress in my studies.
专题三 │ 新题预测 道路交通安全是大家很关心的一个话题。据报道，很多的交通事故都是由于人们违反交通规则而造成的；为了保证大家的交通安全，我们要牢记交通规则。请根据提示用英语写一篇文章介绍基本的交通规则。
1．过马路要走人行横道、地下通道、或人行天桥。
2．骑车要靠右行；红灯停，绿灯行。
3．转弯或停车时要打手势。
4．要教育小孩子不要在马路上玩耍、打闹。
5．要帮助老人和小孩过马路。 新题预测 专题三 │ 新题预测
注意：1.不要逐条翻译；2.词数120左右。
参考词汇：人行横道crosswalk，地下通道underground passage，人行天桥pedestrian overpass 专题三 │ 新题预测
【解析】
One possible version：
Every year a lot of people get injured or killed in traffic accidents. It is reported that many accidents resulted from people’s breaking of traffic rules. So it is necessary for all to keep the traffic rules in mind and obey them strictly.
When one crosses the street, one should take the crosswalk, underground passage or pedestrian overpass. If one is riding a bike or motorcycle, keep riding on the right side of
专题三 │ 新题预测 the road. When the red light is on, please stop and wait until the green light is on. Give a gesture if one wants to turn or stop. It is important to let the young know that playing on the road is very dangerous. Helping the aged and young cross the road is always a kind deed.
If everyone obeys the traffic rules, it will be much safer to walk or ride on the road. 专题四 应用文型书面表达 专题四 应用文型书面表达 专题导读 专题四 │ 专题导读 应用文是中学英语书面表达的重要内容，也是高考书面表达的考查重点。应用文是人类在长期的社会实践活动中形成的一种文体，是人们传递信息、处理事务、交流感情的工具，它最突出的特点就是它的实际应用的性质。应用文包括书信、通知、个人简历、日记、海报、便条、启事等。根据不同的内容和任务，不同的应用文有不同的相对稳定的格式和行文方式。应用文在写作上要求在一定的时限内完成，而且和某项工作时间要求紧密相连，工作完成了，与之相关的文件、文章也就失去了它的效用，转化为档案材料。 专题四 │ 真题典例 真题典例 [2011·辽宁卷] 假定你是李华，将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业。你从报纸上得知B&B公司要招聘一名英文秘书，你很感兴趣。请给该公司写一封求职信，包括下列要点：
1．年龄；
2．学习情况及英语水平；
3．兴趣和特长；
4．性格特点。 专题四 │ 真题典例 注意：1.词数100左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头语和结束语已为你写好。
June8 Dear Sir/Madam， I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary._____________________________________________ I’m looking forward to your reply. Sincerely yours， Li Hua 专题四 │ 真题典例 【解析】
One possible version：
June 8 Dear_ Sir/Madam，
I_ learned_ from_ the_ newspaper_ that_ your_ company_ needs_ an_ English_ secretary. I’m really interested in this position and hope I can work for you.
I’m 18 years old and will be graduating from Xin xing Foreign Languages School this July. I’m an excellent student，among the top 5 in my class of 50 students. I’m good at English， 专题四 │ 真题典例 especially spoken English. I often use the computer and I type very fast. In my spare time，I read a lot. Poems are my favorite. I enjoy music very much too. Being an active young person，I like sports and outdoor activities. Besides，I’m easy to get along with and I like to make friends.
I’m_ looking_ forward_ to_ your_ reply.
Sincerely_ yours，
Li_ Hua 专题四 │ 新题预测 新题预测
假如你是新华中学的学生李华，最近看到一所外语培训学校招聘兼职辅导员(part- time tutors)的广告，想在高考结束后去应聘，请根据下列提示写一封应聘信。
提示：1.自身优势； 2.应聘理由； 3.想法及打算。
注意： 1.“自身优势”不少于两条；
2．可适当发挥，以使行文连贯；
3．词数： 100左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 专题四 │ 新题预测 Dear Sir or Madam，
I’m very glad to learn part- time tutors are wanted in your training school and I’d like to have a try.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly，
Li Hua 专题四 │ 新题预测 【解析】
(一) One possible version： Dear_ Sir_ or_ Madam，
I’m_ very_ glad_ to_ learn_ part- time_ tutors_ are_ wanted_ in_ your_ training_ school_ and_ I’d_ like_ to_ have_ a_ try. I am a student who is to graduate from high school soon. I do very well in my English lessons, especially in both oral and written English. Besides, I’m a monitor and often help others with their English. Before going to a university, I will have a 专题四 │ 新题预测
long holiday, during which I’m determined to do a part- time job like this to make the best of it. What’s more, I can earn some money for my future studies. Last but not least, I can get some valuable social experience. I’m going to work hard at my job and I can also be a head teacher. I hope I will have a chance to co-operate with you.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours_ truly,_
Li_ Hua 专题四 │ 新题预测
(二)
下面是有关英语演讲比赛的信息，请据此用英语写一书面通知。(100词左右)
活动 英语演讲比赛(English- speaking Contest) 目的 提高英语口语 组织者 学生会 参加范围 高中(senior)学生 报名时间 5月25日以前 报名地点 学生会办公室 比赛时间 6月9日下午4：00 比赛地点 教学楼五层礼堂(auditorium) 评奖 前五名优胜者获奖 专题四 │ 新题预测 【解析】
(二) One possible version：
NOTICE
We are going to have an English- speaking Contest for senior students so as to improve our oral English. It will be held in the auditorium on the 5th floor in the teaching building at 4 p．m. June 9th.Those who want to take part in the contest are supposed to come to sign up in the office of the Students’ Union 专题四 │ 新题预测 before May 25th.All the senior students are welcome to join in the contest. The first five winners will be given prizes. Please try your best and get ready in time.
Wish you success!
Students’ Union 专题五 开放式型书面表达 专题五 开放式型书面表达 专题导读 专题五 │ 专题导读
“开放式作文”和目前我们高考所采用的题型相比，难度更大。因为它只给出文章的主题(topic)，具体内容完全由考生来发挥。它不但考查学生的英语语言能力，同时也考查学生的认识水平、思想方法等综合素质，而且对学生的想象能力、发散思维能力、归纳判断能力和思辨能力也提出了更高的要求。 专题五 │ 专题导读
开放式作文侧重考查两种文体：一为记述文，一为论说文。记述文给出学生一段材料，然后要求学生充分发挥想象来拓展原材料的内容，运用逻辑推理的方法，沿着材料的纵横方向延伸，给故事添加开头、结尾及中间过程。论说文要求学生根据所提供的材料，谈谈自己的观点和看法。学生要灵活处理所给材料，做到综合分析，辩证思考，归纳要点，提炼观点，力求论点合理，论据充分，论证缜密。 专题五 │ 专题导读
解题技巧
1．立意选材
传统的“书面表达”题，书写的内容都由试题所决定，无需考生自己编拟。而开放式作文则需学生根据试题所提示的要求立意，确定文章的中心思想。立意与选材是互为联系的两方面。立意决定选材，选材服从立意。不管习作还是考试，立意首先决定于试题的要求。立意的基础是审题。审题时要认真读题，切实掌握命题要求。
2．谋篇布局
如何安排已选定的这些材料，这是我们下一步要做的事情。最好先拟提纲，这样写起来就会有条不紊，详略得当。 专题一 │ 专题导读
记叙文写作的注意事项
1．记叙文要写作者比较了解的人或事物。
2.仔细审题，看准题目要求，确定文章的主题。文章的内容、结构、层次及所用语言都应围绕主题进行。
3．具体详细地描述。要使文章有说服力，叙述就必须繁简疏密相间。详细具体的描写有助于读者对所叙述的人物或事件等有深刻的印象。
4．写作时要避免句子单调、毫无新意。这就要求写作时长短句结合，注意衔接词的运用。 专题一 │ 专题导读 5．叙述要生动。要使文章叙述生动，具有吸引力，必须注意词汇的选择，时态的运用以及上下文的一致问题。词语的运用应注意是否恰当、通顺、简洁和准确。时态的运用应注意上下文的相关性、连续性，要与表达的内容一致。 6．叙述的顺序。大多数情况下叙述都是按照事情的发展及时间的先后进行的，但有时也可以采用其他顺序，如倒叙、插叙等。 专题一 │ 专题导读
7．人称。一般说来，记叙文用第一人称或第三人称来叙述。用第一人称叙述的优点是：文章比较生动、形象，使读者有身临其境的感觉，因而加强了故事的真实感和感染力。其缺点是，描写的范围受到限制。一篇文章中，由于角色的变化，人称也要随之而变，但应注意前后的一致性。 记叙文的篇章结构
专题一 │ 专题导读
开头the beginning——交代必要的背景，如：时间，地点，人物等。
中间the middle——交代故事情节(事情的主体)，如：事件的发生，发展和前因后果。
