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2024高考英语（人教版）选修8U5一轮夯实练习及答案
选修8
(2024·超级全能生26省联考乙卷)“He is a fool who cannot be angry，but he is really a wise man
__1__
won’t.”
The habit of keeping pleasant is indeed better
__2__
an income of a million dollars a year. The life without __3__(cheerful) is like the severe winter without the sun.
We all love cheerful company，but we tend to forget that cheerfulness is a habit which can be developed by all.
We find
__4__
very difficult to be happy when we are in sorrow. It requires great courage. We should never forget that
__5__(be) cheerful when it is not easy to be cheerful shows greatness. Thorny(荆棘)may be
__6__(we) way，but how happy is the conqueror’s song!
The perfection of cheerfulness
__7__(consist)in the happy frame of mind. It is displayed in good temper and kind behavior. It arises partly from personal goodness and
__8__(part) from belief in the goodness of others. It can make people see the glory in the grass and the sunshine on the flower. It encourages happy thoughts，and lives in an atmosphere of peace. It costs nothing，and yet it is
__9__(value). It blesses its possessor and affords a large measure of enjoyment to others.
To light up other’s heart，one’s own heart must
__10__(light)
first.【语篇导读】 本文介绍了积极乐观的重要性。
1．who [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可以得出“________ won’t”是一个定语从句，先行词“a wise man”在从句中作主语，再结合前一句可知，此处填who。]
2．than [考查比较级。根据句意及“better”可知，此处填“better”。]
3．cheerfulness [考查名词。without 是介词，介词后只能跟名词或是动名词，所以此处填“cheerful”的名词形式“cheerfulness”。]
4．it [考查代词。分析句子结构可以得出“________”在这里只是“find”的形式宾语，真正的宾语是“to be happy”，所以此处填 “it”。]
5．to be [考查不定式。分析句子结构，“________ cheerful when it is not easy to be cheerful shows greatness.”是“that” 引导的宾语从句，而 “________ cheerful”是从句中的主语，再根据句意分析，句子具有一定的将来意义，所以用“to be”。]
6．our [考查形容词性物主代词。根据句意，此处填“我们的”，所以用“our”。]
7．consists [考查动词。这一句的主语“the perfection of cheerfulness”是单数形式，再结合全文来看，全文中以一般现在时来写，所以此处也应用第三人称单数形式。故填 “consists”]
8．parts [考查动词。根据句子结构及句意，此处的动作和前面的“arises”是并列关系，所以part用第三人称单数形式。]
9．valuable [考查形容词。根据句意，“它虽然不花钱，但它确实是无价的。”所以此处应用“value”的形容词形式valuable”。]
10．be lighted [考查动词语态。根据句意，“要想点亮他人的心，必须先点亮自己的心”。但后面半句的主语是“heart”，所以要用被动语态，故填 “be lighted”。]
单句语法填空
1．This dictionary is ________ (specific)intended for English learners.
2．The police ____________(arrest)almost everybody who is involved in the murder.
3．The way was blocked，so we went by an ________ (alternative)road.
4．The project was predicated on the ________ (assume)that the economy was expanding.
5．His only means of ________ (identify)was his passport.
6．Science means ________ (system)knowledge possessed as a result of practice and study.
7．To my ________ (relieve)，my son succeeded in applying for a good job.
8．He rushed to the station，only ____________ (tell)the train had left.
9．The girl has a great interest in sport and ____________ (take)badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.
10．More highways have been built in China，____________ (make)it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
答案 1.specifically 2.have arrested 3.alternative 4.assumption 5.identification 6.systematic 7.relief 8．to be told 9.has been taking 10.making
Peanuts to This
Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stonefaced teacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had slaved over, hoping to hide myself. “What could be causing everyone to act this way？”
Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real task I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became
evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice: flip(掷)a coin. Heads—the commander, and tails—the peanuts guy. Ah! Tails，my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.
Weeks later, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear，“My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution.” The whole world became quiet! How could I know that she meant that George Washington?
Obviously, my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No redos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I deserved a second chance. Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster's office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my opinion to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!
1．What did the author's classmates think about his report?
A．Controversial.
B．Ridiculous.C．Boring.
D．Puzzling.
．Why was the author confused about the task?
A．He was unfamiliar with American history.
B．He followed the advice and flipped a coin.
C．He forgot his teacher's instruction.
D．He was new at the school.
．The underlined word“burning”in Para. 3 probably means ________.
A．annoyed
B．ashamedC．ready
D．eager
．In the end, the author turned things around ________.
A．by redoing his taskB．through his own efforts
C．with the help of his grandfatherD．under the guidance of his headmaster
【要点综述】本文讲述了作者作为一个外来移民初入美国学校时，由于对美国历史不了解而闹出的一个笑话，但作者通过努力最后终于提高成绩并实现跳级。
. B 推理判断题。根据第一段内容我们知道，由于作者对美国历史的无知，弄混了乔治·华盛顿的身份，所以同学们听了作者写的报告忍不住大笑起来。“bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes.”可知大家觉得这个报告很荒谬。controversial有争议的；ridiculous荒谬的，可笑的；boring无聊的；puzzling迷惑的，不解的。
. A 推理判断题。 根据第二段“Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country”可知，作者是从别的国家初到美国，所以对美国历史不了解而闹了笑话。
. D 词义猜测题。 根据全文叙述可知，作者是通过投掷硬币来决定的答案，因此犯了常识错误。第三段中“I was totally lost.”说明作者不明就里，所以当其他同学读报告时，作者渴望知道为什么。annoyed 烦恼的；ashamed羞愧的；ready准备好的，情愿的；eager渴望的。
. B 细节理解题。 根据第四段“Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year.”可知作者是通过throw oneself into(积极从事)而实现转变的。所以选B。文中老师并没有给作者机会重做，所以A错误；从祖父那里得到建议是在选择华盛顿身份时，所以C错误；而校长是在作者成绩提高后才接见的，所以D错误。Cars are an important part of life in the United States. Without a car most people feel that they are poor. And even if a person is poor he doesn’t feel really poor when he has a car.
Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large numbers. He probably didn’t know how much the car was going to change American culture. The car made the United States a nation on wheels. And it helped make the United States what it is today.
There are three main reasons why the car became so popular in the United States First of all the country is a big one and Americans like to move around it. The car makes the travel the most comfortable and cheapest. With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money.
The second reason cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed a practical and cheap public travel system. Long distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world. Now there is a good system of air- service provided by planes. But it is too expensive to be used often.
The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is what really made cars popular. Americans don’t like waiting for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They don’t like to have to follow an exact timetable. A car gives them the freedom to plan their own time. And this is the freedom that Americans want most to have.
Less oil has caused a big problem for Americans. But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. The real answer will have to be a new kind of car, one that does not use so much oil.
1.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A
In the United States even the poor own cars.
B
In the United States all the poor have no cars.
C
When an American has a car, he will never be poor.
D
An American will feel poor unless he has a car.
2.We can learn from this passage that Americans ______.
A
spend a lot of money traveling by car
B
travel a lot in their cars
C
seldom travel by plane
D
use public traffic often
3.Which of the following is not told in the passage?
A
Buses, trains and planes are not comfortable
B
Traveling by car is not expensive.
C
Americans have the spirit of independence
D
Americans often move from place to place
4.In the writer’s opinion, cars are popular in the United States mainly because ___.
A
Americans like to plan their own time
B
The United States does not have enough public transportation
C
Americans will not feel poor when they travel in their cars
D
Americans cannot move around without their own cars
5. “A nation on wheels” in the second paragraph means that _______.
A
everyone in the United States owns a car
B
the United States produces most of the cars in the world
C
cars play an important part in American’ life
D
the United States depend on car industry for its development
【参考答案】1—4、DBAAC
四、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。
(2024·山西省四校联考)
It's normal to wake briefly during the night. __36__ But if you're waking up during the night and having trouble falling back asleep, the following tips may help.
Stay out of your head. The key to getting back to sleep is continuing to prepare your body for sleep, so remain in bed in a relaxed position. Hard as it may be, try not to stress over the fact that you're awake, because that very stress and anxiety encourage your body to stay awake. __37__
__38__ If you are finding it hard to fall back asleep, try a relaxation technique such as visualization(想象), or deep breathing, which can be done without even getting out of bed. Remind yourself that although they're not a replacement for sleep, rest and relaxation still help refresh your body.
Do a quiet, nonstimulating activity. If you've been awake for more than 15 minutes, try getting out of bed and doing a quiet, nonstimulating activity, such as reading a book. Keep the lights dim so as not to think that it's time to wake up. __39__
A light snack might relax you, but be careful not to eat so much that your body begins to expect a meal at that time of the day.
__40__ If you wake during the night feeling anxious about something, make a brief note of it on paper and delay worrying about it until the next day when you are fresh and it will be easier to resolve.
A．Make relaxation your goal, not sleep.
B．Put off worries and troubles.
C．Use a flashlight to go to the bathroom at night.
D．In fact, a good sleeper won't even remember it.
E．Also avoid screens of any kind－computers, TVs, cell phones, iPads.
F．You'll be much more productive and creative after a good night's rest.
G．A good way to stay out of your head is to focus on the feeling in your body.
文章大意：本文介绍睡眠过程中会突然醒过来，如果长时间睡不着可以采取的一些措施。
36．D 根据后面的句子：It's normal to wake briefly during the night.晚上偶尔醒了是正常的，可知有的睡眠好的人甚至不记得了，故选D。
37．G 根据本段首句：Stay out of your head. The key to getting back to sleep is continuing to prepare your body for sleep, so remain in bed in a relaxed position.可知要想重新入睡最好的办法是专注于身体的感受，故选G。
38．A 根据后面的句子：If you are finding it hard to fall back asleep, try a relaxation technique such as visualization, 可知要尽量放松，故选A。
39．E 根据前面的句子：Keep the lights dim so as not to think that it's time to wake up.可知一切有屏幕的东西都要避免，故选E。
40．B 根据后面的句子：If you wake during the night feeling anxious about something, make a brief note of it on paper and postpone worrying about it until the next day 可知是把担心推迟到第二天，故选B。
