【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
答案及剖析: 41.being 考查非谓语动词的用法。根据语境可知,此处应该填动词-ing形式,作介词about的宾语。 42.and 考查连词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填并列连词and,连接两个并列的分句。
43.disappointed 考查派生词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填提示词的形容词形式disappointed,和形容词anxious一起在句中作表语。 44.to 考查介词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填介词to。next to意思是“与……相邻”。
45.caught 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处应该填谓语动词,根据语境用一般过去时。 46.to stop 考查非谓语动词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填动词不定式形式,作动词refuse的宾语。 47.riding 考查非谓语动词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填动词-ing形式,作动词kept的宾语。keep doing sth.意思是“继续做某事”。
48.Did 考查助动词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填助动词did。 49.me/mine 考查代词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填人称代词me或名词性物主代词mine。
50.suddenly 考查派生词的用法。根据语境可知,此处应该填提示词的副词形式,在句中作状语。 对点训练 Passage 1 (2024晋中高三一模)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Young people and old people do not always agree with each other.They sometimes have different 1. (idea) about life,work and play.But in one special program in New York State,the adults and the teenagers live 2. peace.Each summer,200 teenagers and 50 adults live together for eight weeks as members of a special work group.Everyone 3. . (work) for several hours each day.Some teenagers work in the woods or on the farm near the villages.Some learn 4. (make) furniture and to build houses.The adults teach them these skills.
Everyone has several free hours every day and is 5. (complete) free on weekends,too.During the free hours some teenagers enjoy photography or 6. (paint). Others sit around and just talk and sing.
It is necessary to make rules 7. people live together.In this program the teenagers and the adults make the rules together.When someone breaks the rules,8. . group will discuss the problem.They will ask the questions like “Why did it happen?”
9. “What should we do about it?”
After the program,one of the teenagers said,“This program has taught me that I should stop thinking only about 10. (me).I began to think about the whole group.”
答案及剖析: 1.ideas 考查名词复数的用法。根据语境可知,此处填提示词的复数形式ideas。 2.in 考查介词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填介词in。in peace意思是“和平地”。 3.works 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处需要填谓语动词,根据语境用一般现在时第三人称单数形式,所以填works。 4.to make 考查非谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处需要填一个非谓语动词,和后面的to build houses一起,作动词learn的宾语,所以填动词不定式to make。 5.completely 考查派生词的用法。根据语境可知,此处需要填一个副词,修饰形容词free,在句中作状语,所以填completely。 6.painting 考查派生词的用法。根据语境可知,此处需要填动词-ing形式,和photography一起,作动词enjoy的宾语,所以填painting,意思是“绘画”。 7.when/if 考查连词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处需要填一个连词,引导状语从句,根据语境填连词when/if。 8.the 考查冠词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填定冠词the。 9.and 考查连词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处需要填一个连词,连接介词like的两个宾语,根据语境填并列连词and。 10.myself 考查代词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处在句中作宾语,根据语境填提示词me的反身代词myself。 Passage 2 (2024山西高考考前质量检测二)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Man has been on the earth for about one million years.He 1. (manage) to live on every part of the planet,even though some climates have made life difficult.It is thought that 2. (different) in skin color are the result of climatic
3. (adapt).For example,people with skin colors of yellow,red,and olive, generally come from areas 4. they have had to adapt to other climates.Man’s size also seems to 5. (various) according to climate.People living in colder regions are generally 6. (large) than those living in hotter ones.This difference might be explained 7. the fact that big people have less skin compared to weight than do small people.The less skin a person has relative to his weight,the easier 8. is for him to keep warm.As part of the natural environment,climate greatly affects human activities.Climate has a significant
9. on agriculture.Climatic factors restrict the kinds of crops that can be grown.Man changes his living habits in order to adjust to climate,but climate
10. (change) as well,though more slowly.By learning more about his climate,man will find a way to adapt to or control it and live a more comfortable life. 答案及剖析: 1.has managed 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处需要填谓语动词,根据语境用现在完成时,所以填has managed。 2.differences 考查形容词比较级及主谓一致的用法。分析句子成分可知,此处需要填一个名词,在主语从句中作主语,根据从句谓语动词are可知用复数形式,所以填differences。 3.adaptation 考查派生词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填提示词的名词形式adaptation,作介词of的宾语。 4.where 考查关系副词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处需要填一个关系词,引导定语从句,修饰先行词areas,根据语境填关系副词where。 5.vary 考查派生词的用法。根据语境可知,此处需要填一个动词,构成动词不定式,所以填提示词的动词形式vary。 6.larger 考查形容词比较级的用法。根据后面的than及语境可知,填提示词的比较级形式。 7.by 考查介词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填介词by,用于被动语态中,引出动作的发出者。 8.it 考查代词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填代词it,在句中作形式主语,构成固定句型It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.。 9.effect/influence 考查名词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填名词effect/influence,构成短语“have a/an +adj.+ effect/influence on”,表示“对……有……的影响”。 10.changes 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处应该填谓语动词,根据语境用一般现在时第三人称单数形式,所以填changes。 Passage 3 (2024唐山二模)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
St.Patrick’s Day is one of those 1. (wonder) days in our kindergarten.Every year on March 17,a leprechaun (妖精)visits my classroom! He is a clever little character,and we have never been able to catch him.
This morning,we 2. (greet) with tiny,green leprechaun footprints all over the classroom.The innocence and the magic of kindergarten came out on a day like this! None of the children raised the doubt about 3. the leprechaun was real or not.Their faces were filled with wonder as they questioned how 4. had got into our classroom.They created little traps 5. (hope) to catch him during the day—even leaving one in our bathroom so that if he should appear again over night,he might just get 6. (catch) in our trap!
For the afternoon tea break,we had some delicious green vegetables and fruits and every child made 7. beautiful green card with wishes written on it.My favorite wish of all was the one made by Jacob,8. said,“I wish everyone was nice to each other.” Another one I liked very much was “I wish this was going to be the 9. (good) day of my life.”
The smiles 10. their faces as they left school this afternoon proved that it just may have been!! 答案及剖析: 1.wonderful 考查派生词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填提示词的形容词形式wonderful,作定语,修饰名词days。 2.were greeted 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处需要填谓语动词,根据语境用一般过去时的被动语态,所以填were greeted。 3.whether 考查连接词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处需要填一个连接词,引导名词性从句,作介词about的宾语,根据语境用whether。 4.he 考查代词的用法。分析句子结构可知,how引导的宾语从句缺主语,根据语境填he,指代the leprechaun。 5.hoping 考查非谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处需要填一个非谓语动词,根据语境用动词-ing形式,作伴随状语,所以填hoping。 6.caught 考查非谓语动词的用法。根据语境可知,此处需要填过去分词,作get的表语,所以填caught。 7.a 考查冠词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填不定冠词a。 8.which 考查关系词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处需要填一个关系词,引导非限制性定语从句,根据语境填关系代词which。 9.best 考查形容词最高级的用法。根据语境可知,此处需要填提示词的最高级形式best。 10.on 考查介词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填介词on。 Passage 4 (2024山西高考考前质量检测一)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a man was passing some elephants,he suddenly stopped,confused by the fact that these huge creatures were being held by only a small rope 1. (tie) to their front leg.No chains,no cages.2. was obvious that the elephants could,at any time,break 3. from their bonds but for some reason,they did not.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just stood there and made no attempt 4. (get) away.“Well,”5. trainer said,“when they were very young and much 6. (small),we used the same size rope to tie them and,at that age,it was enough to hold them.As they grow up,they are conditioned to believe the rope 7. still hold them,so they never try to run free.”
The man was amazed.These animals could at any time escape from their bonds but
8. they believed they couldn’t,they were stuck right where they were.
Like the elephants,how many of us go through life 9. (hang) onto a belief that we cannot do something,10. (simple) because we failed in it once before? Failure is part of learning; we should never give up the struggle in life. 答案及剖析: 1.tied 考查非谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处应该填一个非谓语动词,根据语境用过去分词,构成过去分词短语,表被动,在句中作后置定语。 2.It 考查代词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填代词it,作形式主语。 3.away/free 考查副词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填副词away/free,构成短语break away/free from,意思是“摆脱”。 4.to get 考查非谓语动词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填动词不定式,构成短语make no attempt to do sth.,意思是“不试图做某事”。 5.the 考查冠词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填定冠词the。 6.smaller 考查形容词比较级的用法。根据语境可知,此处填提示词的比较级形式smaller。 7.can 考查情态动词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填情态动词can,意思是“能够”。 8.because 考查连词的用法。根据语境可知,此处填连词because,引导原因状语从句。 9.hanging 考查非谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处需要填一个非谓语动词,根据语境用动词-ing形式,表主动。 10.simply 考查派生词的用法。根据语境可知,此处需要填一个副词,作状语,所以填提示词的副词形式simply,意思是“只是,仅仅”。 【典例5】 Few people would even think of beginning a new job at the age of 76, one of America’s most famous artists just did so. 答案及剖析:but 根据句意可知两个分句之间是转折关系,所以填表示转折的并列连词but。 【典例6】 I finally succeeded not by luck through hard work. 答案及剖析:but 此处考查not...but...的用法,表示“不是……而是……”。 【典例7】 I have to catch the first bus tomorrow, I will go to bed early. 答案及剖析:so “我明天得赶首班车”与“我将早点上床睡觉”之间是因果关系,所以填so。 名师在线
解答这类题目,关键是根据语境判断前后句子之间的关系,根据这种关系选择合适的连词。不同的并列连词有不同的意义,也折射出各个分句之间的不同逻辑关系。根据所表示的不同关系,并列连词可以分为以下几种: (1)表示递进关系的并列连词
表示递进关系的并列连词有and,not only...but also...,neither
...nor...,not...but...等。这类表递进关系的并列句,在意义上主
要对前一句子作补充或引申,包括肯定和否定两方面的意义。 (2)表示选择关系的并列连词
表示选择关系的并列连词有or,either...or...等。 (3)表示转折或对比关系的并列连词
表示转折或对比关系的并列连词有but,yet,whereas,while等。 (4)表示因果关系的并列连词
表示因果关系的并列连词有so,for等。 考点八 状语从句 【典例1】 I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table I went to answer the phone.(2024新课标全国样卷) 答案及剖析:when 根据语境可知,此处填连词when,引导时间状语从句。 【典例2】 The written examination,where all students are tested on the same questions,was probably not known the nineteenth century. 答案及剖析:until 此处考查not...until...句型,表示“直到……才……”。 【典例3】A small car is big enough for a family of three . you need more space for baggage. 答案及剖析:unless 根据语境可知,此处引导条件状语从句,表示“除非”,应该填连词unless。 【典例4】 If you work with a strong will,you will overcome any difficulty, great it is. 答案及剖析:however 根据句意并分析句子成分可知,此处引导让步状语从句,表示“无论多么”,在从句中修饰形容词great,因此填however。 【典例5】 The boys stared at the pot they wanted to eat it. 答案及剖析:as if/as though 此处引导方式状语从句,表示“好像”,应该用as if/as though。 名师在线 (1)引导时间状语从句的从属连词主要有when,while,as,whenever,before,after,since,
until,till,as soon as,the moment,immediately,once,no sooner...than,hardly
...when,every time,each time,(the)next time,any time,(the) last time,the
first time等。 (2)引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where,wherever,everywhere等。 (3)引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because,as,since,now (that)等。 (4)引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so that,so...that...,such...that...等。 (5)引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有if,unless,as (so) long as,in case等。 (6)引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有so that,in order that,in case。 (7)引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有though,although,as,while,even if,even though,
whether...or...,以及“疑问词+-ever”和“no matter+疑问词”等。 (8)引导方式状语从句的从属连词主要有as,as if,as though,the way等。 (9)引导比较状语从句的从属连词主要有as...as,not as/so...as,than,the more...
the more等。 易混易错 一、“疑问词+-ever”与“no matter+疑问词”的区别
“疑问词+ever”可以引导让步状语从句,还可以引导名词性从句;“no matter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句,不能引导名词性从句。 One can always manage to do more things,no matter how full one’s schedule is in life.一个人不论他生活中的日程表有多么满,他总是能设法做更多的事情。(no matter how引导让步状语从句) He knew the files could be of help to whoever took over the job. 他知道这些文件可能对接管这项工作的任何人都有帮助。(whoever引导名词性从句,作介词to的宾语,whoever在宾语从句中作主语) 【变式训练】 句型转换 1.You may give this to anyone who is in the office.
→You may give this to is in the office. 2.Whoever is in the office,you may give it to him/her.
→ is in the office,you may give it to him/her. 答案:1.whoever 2.No matter who 二、such...as...与such...that...的区别
such...as...中的as引导的是定语从句,而such...that...中的that引导的是结果状语从句。当as引导定语从句时,as 在从句中一般作主语、宾语或表语,也就是说as后面的句子实际上是不完整的。而that引导结果状语从句时,that在从句中不作任何成分,即从句是完整的。如: This is such a difficult problem as none of us can work out. 这是一个我们所有人都不能解决的难题。
(从句中的work out缺少宾语,前面的as是关系代词,充当 work out的宾语。) This is such a difficult problem that none of us can work it out.这个问题很难,我们中无人能解决它。
(从句是完整的句子,前面的that只起引导从句的作用,在从句中不作成分。) 【变式训练】 完成句子 1.我们有他们想看的有趣的故事书。
We have got such interesting storybooks .
. 2.我们有非常有趣的故事书,他们想看看。
We have got such interesting storybooks .
. 答案:1.as they want to read 2.that they want to read them 考点九 名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 【典例1】As natural (nature) architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.(2024新课标全国Ⅱ) 答案及剖析:how 考查连接词的用法。分析句子结构可知,此处需要填一个连词,引导宾语从句,根据语境填连接副词how。 【典例2】One day,he came up with an idea he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. 答案及剖析:that 分析句子结构可知,idea后面跟的应该是同位语从句,所填单词连接同位语从句,本身无意义,不作句子成分,所以填that。 【典例3】 In 1931,Jane Adams was awarded the Nobel Prize for
she had done for society. 答案及剖析:what 分析句子结构可知,所填单词引导名词性从句作介词for的宾语,并在从句中作宾语,所以填连接代词what。 名师在线
引导名词性从句的连接词有: (1)连词that,只起连接作用,没有任何意义,不作任何句子成分,在宾语从句
中有时可以省略。 (2)连词whether有“是否”之意,但不作句子成分;引导宾语从句时还可用if。 (3)连接代词who,whom,whose,which,what等均有各自的意义,在从句中作主
语、宾语、表语、定语等。 (4)连接副词when,where,why,how等,有意义,在从句中作状语。 (5)whoever,whatever,whichever等也可引导名词性从句,意为“无论/不
管……”。 易混易错 一、whether和if的用法区别
1.互换的情况
引导宾语从句表示“是否”时,两者常可互换。如:
He asked if/whether we wanted a drink.
他问我们是否想喝一杯。
He didn’t tell me if/whether he would come.
他没有告诉我他是否会来。
注:若是引导条件状语从句,则只能用if意为“如果”。 2.通常用if的情况
当引导一个否定的宾语从句时,通常用 if而不用 whether。如:
I don’t care if it doesn’t rain.我不在乎天是否下雨。
注:在个别词语 (如 wonder,not sure等)后的从句否定式有时也可能用
whether来引导。如:
I wonder if/whether he isn’t mistaken.
我想知道他是否弄错了。 3.通常用whether的情况 (1)与or连用引导两个从句时。如:
I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong.
我不知道是他错了,还是她错了。
注:若or后不是从句,而是词或短语,则也可用if (但不如用whether常见)。如:
He didn’t know if/whether we should write or phone.
他不知道我们是写信好还是打电话好。 (2)用于不定式之前时。如:
I’m not sure whether to stay or leave.我不知是留还是去。
I didn’t know whether to laugh or cry.我真是哭笑不得。 (3)用于介词之后时。如:
It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.
这取决于信是否来得及时。
They said nothing as to whether they intended to marry.
他们没有提及他们是否打算结婚。 (4)直接与or not连用时。如:
I will write to you whether or not I can come.
我能不能来,我将写信告诉你。
注:若不是直接与 or not用在一起,则有时也可用 if。如:
I don’t know whether/if he will win or not.
我不知他是否能赢。 (5)在某些动词后(如 discuss等)通常只用 whether。如:
We discussed whether we should hold a meeting.
我们讨论了是否要开一个会。 【变式训练】 单句改错 1.If the new plan can be carried out will be discussed at the
meeting tomorrow.
2.I worry about if I hurt her feelings.
答案及剖析: 1.If→Whether 此处需要一个连词引导主语从句,用在句首,表示“是否”,应该用whether。 2.if→whether 此处需要一个连词引导宾语从句,放在介词后面,表示“是否”,应该用whether。 二、that与what的用法区别
许多考生在学习复合句和特殊句式时,都会为that和what的选择而头疼,that一词非常活跃,在定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句和强调句中都有使用;而what常常引起干扰,因此,要想辨清that和what这两个词,就要注意: 1.定语从句的关系代词中没有what,因此要牢记what不会引导定语从句。
例如:
①The thought of going back home was all that kept him happy
while he was working abroad.
这里的all是先行词,而that是关系代词,在从句中作主语。需要注意的
是,如果去掉all,则需要用what引导名词性从句,作表语,what在从句中
作主语。
